...Abstract Bipolar disorder has two levels that is associated with mental illness. The diagnosis of Bipolar disorder correlation with other disorders and has made it very difficult to diagnoses without connecting it to another mental illness. The most common links associated with Bipolar are mood disorders, disruptive disorders, panic disorders, and anxiety disorders to name a few. Each of these disorders has very similar symptoms changing personalities at any given time. Bipolar I and II have manic and hypomanic episodes occurs in an everyday or a total of a week the symptoms are increased displaying abnormal behavior. Hypomanic episode is a higher level severity of mood swings with elevated energy lasting four consecutive days and is present the majority of the day. Bipolar II has the same episodes reoccurring with escalated energy and activity, lasting longer than four days. According to research, Bipolar II is linked to substance abuse, severe depression, and schizophrenia that are unpredictable with the symptoms that cause clinical distress and impairment in social setting and a work environment. Hypomania episode and Depressive Disorder fluctuate between Bipolar I and II disorders. Researcher has found that Bipolar Disorder is genetically connected at an early age. Diagnosis is very difficult to recognize at such an early age, because is connected to other illness such as medical diagnoses or ADHD. Bipolar disorder is highly unpredictable with students were missed...
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...treatments. Some critics of this controversy deny the very existence of ADHD as a mental disorder and believe that the physicians along with pharmaceutical industry are conspired with one another just to fill their pockets. While others believe that not only ADHD is a genetic mental disorder but also a disorder that may be caused by the environmental factors like geographical location, parenting and diet. Furthermore, many studies show that ADHD is in fact a mental disorder that affects many children and adults. ADHD is not over diagnosed and needs to be treated, however the treatment should not consist...
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...Pastoral Counseling Pastoral Counseling began as an academic discipline in the 1940s. In the 1950s family therapy begin making this decade one of the most profound to date in regards to counseling. It was then that it began to be realized that more specialized treatment was needed especially for those who suffered from serious emotional as well as mental illnesses. Although most counseling is virtually the same, professional counseling is a process which you take people through. Pastoral Counselors have many hours of training clinically and are viewed as some of the most educated in the counseling community. Pastoral counselors work within a variety of different issues to include mental illnesses, grief, marriage therapy, family therapy, individual therapy and addiction. According to the American Association of Pastoral Counseling (AAPC), pastoral counseling is a form of psychotherapy that uses spiritual resources as well as psychological understanding for healing and growth. Pastoral Counseling is different than Christian Counseling, Biblical Counseling and Spiritual Counseling and Nouthetic Counseling. A Biblical Counselor primarily uses the Bible with usually no outside training. Many ministers who have completed Biblical degrees (both old and new) feel confident that can use the Bible to adequately counsel without any education in the area of counseling. Many of these ministers ascribe to the counseling theories proposed by Jay Adams called Nouthetic Counseling wherein...
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...Running Head: FAMILY HEALTH ASSESSMENT Family Health Assessment Grand Canyon University NRS 429 15 March 2009 Instructor - Catherine Tiwald RN MSN WHNP-BC Family Health Assessment Gordon’s Functional Health Pattern assessment was developed from the belief that all human beings have in common 11 functional health patterns that contribute to their health, quality of life and achievement of human potential. By examining functional patterns, nurses can more accurately determine and diagnose actual or potential problems, intervene more effectively and achieve outcomes that promote health and well-being (Edelman & Mandle, 2006). This paper will examine the 11 functional health patterns of a selected family; make nursing diagnosis recommendations and offer community and web-based resources for support. Additionally, the paper will review the role systems theory had in assessing the target family. Family Demographics The target family (Family “P”) identified themselves as white, middle class and educated. The husband, age 42, develops computer software. His wife, age 45, home schools their three children, ages 14, 11, and 5. The two younger children are adopted from Guatemala and China. Interview Process and Results Both parents answered multiple questions for each of the 11 functional health patterns, and where applicable, a physical examination was conducted. For the health perception/health management pattern, they answered the question “What are the most...
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...Briefly Discuss DSM IV and ICD 10 and list the main categories of clinical disorders. The paper will discuss the main dangers of classification identified as labelling and Stigma which have lifelong implications for those diagnosed with a mental illness. The main advantages of classification such as most appropriate treatment and community education Definition of the Classification system used to Diagnosis Mental illness. As Social workers it important to try and grasp the concepts of how classification of mental illness is arrived at and to have a basic knowledge of the types of mental disorders people can be classified as having so we can understand the basis of a diagnosis. According Mendelson (2001) “Classification refers to ordering of objects into groups on the basis of their relationship. The result is a classificatory system. Nomenclature related to agreed names that have been assigned to disease or syndromes. Taxonomy covers principles and methods underlying the practice of classification. Finally, nosology denotes the conceptual system that supports the strategy of classifying.” ( Mendelson 2001 p. 63) Golightley (2004) text states that classification is an important step towards the diagnosis of a mental disorder. Mental disorder is broken down into various classifications that represent groups or syndromes of symptoms. Thus if a series of symptoms fits into a recognised pattern of behaviour they can be classified as for example, schizophrenia and a diagnosis...
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...Friedman Family Assessment The Friedman Family Assessment is a tool used to assess the “family as a whole, as part of the whole of society, and as an interaction system” (Lancaster & Stanhope, 2008, p. 569). The Friedman Family Assessment has certain assumptions for the families that are assessed with this tool. These assumptions include the families are “a social system with functional requirements, a small group possessing certain generic features common to all small groups, as a social system accomplishes functions that serve the individual and society, and individuals act in accordance with a set of internalized norms and values that are learned primarily in the family through socialization” (Lancaster & Stanhope, 2008, p. 569). The following is a Friedman Family Assessment of the Pedroza family. Identifying Data The Pedroza family resides in Temple City, California. The ethnicity of the family is that of mixed races that include Latin American and Hispanic. The family’s religious preference is Catholic. Their social class status is that of middle class. Their social class mobility recently changed as in the past two years, they have been recently renting a house in Temple City, California. Prior to residing in their rented house, they were living with a relative and sharing the property and household space. Developmental Stage and History of Family The Pedroza family is in Friedman’s Middle-Class North American Family Life Cycle stage three: Families with young...
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...In Sasha Abramsky’s book, The American Way of Poverty: How the Other Half Still Lives, Abramsky looks at pockets of New Orleans, Louisiana, “low-income communities inundated with returning prisoners and drug dealers, of neighborhoods swamped by violence, of huge numbers of kids whose mothers and fathers were behind bars,” and of the “desperate need for more investment of the people and infrastructure of these neighborhoods, in mentoring programs for children, and in job training and education, rather than simply in the building of more prisons,” (2013). In areas with low tourism or median income, the incentive is not there for state governments to improve school infrastructures, add teaching resources, or implement newly researched educational policies. Low-SES communities have more school systems that are under-resourced, lower levels of child literacy, and higher secondary dropout rates (“Education and Socioeconomic Status,” n.d.). While organizations like Teach For America send college graduates into low-income communities, schools in these areas still have difficulty recruiting qualified teachers and...
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...right to choice and how they are treated within health care. It effectively takes away every aspect of patient centeredness which health care professionals strive to achieve. As health care professionals strive to make sure the health care that everyone receives is the best that it can be, it is important that the voice of the patient is heard loud and clear. A crucial element in changing health care is giving the patient the voice to make choices about their own health care and in the decision making of the healthcare facility. The voice of the patient is so important because the patient knows there body and their mind better than anyone else, they have had that body since birth. The voice of the patient is also important because they know what it is like to be a patient whereas health care professionals may only have the perspective from the other side of the bed so to speak. To diminish this voice would mean to take it away from an individual, which effectively suggests that they will have no say in what treatment they receive or how they would like to be treated by health care professionals. There are a variety of ways for the health care professionals to ensure that the patients’ voice is not diminished during care and treatment and these include being able to communicate effectively, not being judgemental or discriminatory and being able to understand the needs of these individuals. Being able to communicate effectively and clearly with a patient...
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...completed and approved music therapy program (American Music Therapy Association, 2014). Music therapy consists of a process where music therapists harness the many components of music in order to help clients improve their everyday physical and mental health. There are a few specific areas that music therapists help their clients with. These include cognitive functions, emotional development, motor skills, social skills,...
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...Congenital Heart Disease Date With the numerous technological advances that have occurred in today’s health care system, one would think newborn screening would be required in Maryland for the most common birth defect in the United States, critical congenital heart disease (CCHD), but only just this year has the state considered the requirement (Department of Legislative Services, Office of Information Systems [DLSOIS], 2011). Critical congenital heart disease, a disorder in which an infant’s heart or blood vessels near the heart develop abnormally before birth, affects approximately 8 out of every 1,000 infants each year in the US, amounting to around 36,000 infants (DLSOIS, 2011). CCHD is the leading cause of death among infants within the first year of life, amounting to nearly 40% of deaths, often due to the fact that a large number of infants with this disease go undetected (Martin, Bradshaw, & Wright, n.d.). Although some babies are diagnosed with congenital heart disease shortly before or after birth, many diagnoses are not made until days, weeks, or months later; sometimes not at all. Many benefits are associated with implementing CCHD screening, many treatment options are available for those diagnosed with CCHD, and a bill is being proposed to the State of Maryland’s General Assembly about including this screening in the Department of Health and Mental Hygiene’s Newborn Screening Program (DLSOIS, 2011). The benefits outweigh the concerns when referring to...
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...The Effects of Child Abuse: Munchausen Syndrome by Proxy MiChelle Cochran Concordia University St. Paul College of Education and Science Forensic Mental Health 510 Family Violence PTSD and Trauma Cohort 401 Assignment Six Families of children with disabilities have an added burden of providing protection to their children from various types of abuse or neglect. Although all children have the same risk of abuse at the early infancy ages, the risk increases for the disabled as they age. National data indicates that children labeled as disabled are two times more likely to experience abuse and neglect. Wallace and Roberson (2014) state that individuals with developmental disabilities are affected by violence differently than the general population and may experience violence levels up to five times higher than the general population. Other studies have indicated that 60% of children with developmental disabilities and impairments experience some form of abuse and neglect. Mandell et al. (2005) point out that these estimates may be grossly underestimated, as sometimes children with disabilities suffer from cognitive and/or verbal deficits, which prevent them from reporting the abuse. Sexual victimization tends to be the most prevalent form of abuse committed against the developmental disabled. Sorensen (2002) estimates anywhere from 4 times to 10 times higher because the victims may be repeatedly abused by the same abuser. One reason that the rate is only an estimate is...
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...August 8, 2011 Project Topic: Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) “Putting Together the Pieces” Introduction:. The diagnosis of autism in one’s child can shatter a parent. There is a substantial amount of confusion and controversy found in all areas of the disorder, from diagnosis to treatment. Most parents who seek treatment for a child labeled with autism face many dead-ends and obstacles concerning what are best for their child. . Having a child who is autistic will be a struggle throughout both of your lives. Autism Spectrum Disorder (ADS) adversely affects a child’s communication, socialization, and behavior. It has symptoms ranging from mild cognitive, social, and behavioral deficits to more severe symptoms where children may suffer from intellectual disabilities and be nonverbal. The five subtypes of ASD are: Autistic Disorder, Asperger’s Syndrome, Childhood Disintegrative Disorder (CDD), Rett Syndrome, and Pervasive Developmental Disorder Not Otherwise Specified (PDD-NOS). Because each are so broad, I narrowed down my research to Autism Disorder, a sever disorder that affects the development and function of the brain. It causes problems in such areas as social contact, emotional response, intelligence, language and speech impediments, along with ritualistic or compulsive behaviors, as well as different responses to the environment that an autistic individual may have that differ with individuals not having autism would exhibit. I will be talking generally about the...
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...1 Orientation to APA Style/ Week 4 Research Paper Liberty University October 12, 2014 2 Abstract In this research paper I will attempt to show the differences and similarities between counselors and other mental health professions. The findings were quite unique but not at all shocking. There was an equal amount of information on the differences and similarities amongst the counseling, psychology, and pyschiatric professions. However, the differences stood out far more than similarities. I also will display the characteristics needed to become an effective counselor. These characteristics I found are very challenging to an aspiring counselor and cannot be approached with emotional weakness. The characteristics of an effective counselor are the foundation to the profession itself. My last evaluation will be a professional counselor's ability to recognize wellness and impairment within themselves to prevent burnout. A counseling professional's wellness and impairment is very important to maintain effectiveness. I will break down the effects of the profession without...
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...Abstract This paper explores the communication surrounding the Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), from public concept, popular media, and personal stories, in order to understand how the disorder is perceived within American culture. The discussion approaches public misgivings and beliefs about ADHD, metaphors surrounding the disorder, and narratives from patients themselves. These topics will assist to analyze the implications of messages surrounding ADHD. Introduction Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is one of the most common childhood disorders, present in 6% to 9% of all children (Cassels, 2013). For several decades, ADHD was mostly considered a childhood disorder. Symptoms of ADHD in children, however, continue into adulthood in approximately half of all cases, and current estimates of adults with ADHD indicate an incidence rate of 4% to 5% among adults (Kessler et al., 2006). Studies show that the number of children being diagnosed with ADHD is increasing, but it is unclear why. Inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity are the key behaviors of ADHD. It is normal for all children to be inattentive, hyperactive, or impulsive sometimes, but for children with ADHD, these behaviors are more severe and occur more often. To be diagnosed with the disorder, a child must have symptoms for 6 or more months and to a degree that is greater than other children of the same age (Park, 2013). Scientists are not sure what causes ADHD, although many studies...
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...Are people with mental health problems at increased risk of committing violence? | Holly ButlerCCJ10January 27, 2015 | Abstract There has been significant interest in Australia and indeed the world as to whether people with a mental illness are at increased risk of violence. In particular, the diagnosing of current or even future offenders has offered a wide insight not only into mental illness as a stand-alone but to whether it is a major trigger in acts of violence. Offenders with mental illness have attracted substantial attention over the recent years, given their prevalence and poor outcomes. A number of interventions have been developed for this population (e.g., mental health courts) and they share an emphasis on one component as the foundation of the problem: mental illness. Focusing soley on psychiatric services inadequately tie in with the policy goal of reducing recidivism. The validity of mental illness being linked t criminal behavior points towards moderated arbitration techniques and the effect of mental illness on other “recidivism” is to some extent interceded by system impartiality and shame. The recognition of mental illness being tied to offenders been identified as a feasible tool to decrease the escalating level of offending amongst juveniles, and indeed has been implemented in varying forms as a diversion away from the criminal justice system. In this essay, the notion of people with mental health problems are not at increased risk of committing...
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