Angela Jiongco
Chapter2
Review questions # 1 and # 5
Exercise #

Review question #1. In one or two paragraphs, describe how the internet changed form a government research project into a technology for business users.

The internet began as a way for the military to control weapons systems while under attack. In the 60’s, the U.S. Department of Defense became worried about possible effects of nuclear attack on its computing facilities. The Defense Department realized that in the future they need powerful computers for coordination and control. The Defense Department funded a research at leading universities and institute with the goal of designing a worldwide network that could remain operational even the network were sabotage by the military enemy. The researchers were determined the best solution to accomplishing their goal was to create networks that do not require a central computer control network operations. However, at the time the only network existed was a single connection between sender and receiver from the leased telephone company line. There was a concerned of risk using single connection method for connecting computers, so the researchers developed a different method in communication using multiple channels.

In 1969 the Department of Defense researchers in the Advanced Research Projects Agency (ARPA) use this direct connection network model to connect four computers; one each at University of California at Los Angeles, SRI International, University of California at Santa Barbara, and the University of Utah into the network called the ARPANET. The integration of these four computers was the first networks to become what we now call the internet. In the 80’s as computers became more powerful, affordable and available, businesses increasingly used them to construct their own internal networks. The National Science Foundation (NSF), who funded