...Pro’s and con’s of organ donation -Theis TEXT 1: We must change the organ donation system – An article written by Denis Campbell, published in The Guardian News. The narrator Denis Campbell stays very neutral to the issue throughout the whole article and he only seems interested in knowing other peoples opinion. As a result of such he interviewed two different persons and had their opinion on the matter. Sir Liam Donaldson, the chief medical officer in England – States that he wants the current system switched in the UK. He, among many people in the UK thinks change is overdue. The current system for organ donation in the UK have an opt-in system that only allows retrieving of organs from citizens who either have a donor card or are signed up in the Organ Donor Register. He would like the whole policy of organ donation to change into what’s known as presumed consent which allows the retrieving of organs from all citizens after their death that haven’t already, before death, refused permission for that to happen. His argument for the system change lies within the massive organs that are wasted. The organs of all the citizens who haven’t got a donor card or are registered for donation will be wasted because they simply didn’t care about organ donation. By changing the system no dead citizen or his/hers family will get upset and organ donation will be possible for a way larger group than now. Natalie Sillince – Explains how the current system forced a very unpleasant and...
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...of O’Connor v. Donaldson. Donaldson was a mentallt ill man who sued the man who was tasked with looking over him while he was institutionalized. However, the United States Supreme Court did set a precedent for the preservation of rights of the mentally ill (O'CONNOR v. DONALDSON., 2017). Kenneth Donaldson was a mentally ill man that was being held in Florida State Hospital because it was believed that he posed a danger to himself and others. He had suffered a mental break while visiting his parents where he believed that their neighbor was plotting to murder him (O'Connor v. Donaldson.,2017). Shortly after, Donaldson’s father petitioned for him to take part in a sanity hearing. At the time of this hearing Donaldson had not retained a lawyer and was forced to represent himself in court. He was ultimaely...
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...and MNCs that, more often than not, have more power than the states in which they operate. Take, for instance, an MNC in El Salvador, profiting from the affordability of the production process, profiting from the lack of limitations within this one ‘weak-state’ and profiting from the sales accomplished overseas. The state of El Salvador is much weaker than an MNC such as Nike; in this example then, the MNC has the obligation to better the conditions of the state, not deprive it, aid or neglect its social responsibility to uphold ethics while practicing enterprising. This essay questions the reasoning behind Donaldson in Rights and Kinds of Obligations, arguing that O’Neill has a more fair system of distributing the right aid for the protection of all rights. The main question then is: what is the moral obligation of MNCs in the global context after having reviewed both Donaldson and O’Neill’s articles? Summary O’Neill in Agents of Justice asserts that to be capable is not the same as saying that one has a capacity. Capacity is different from capability in that it is innate; it is a skill within us that could (if allowed) be used for the (in) justice of mankind. Capability is the freedom to realize the achievements through this capacity, meaning, if one has the capacity but is not...
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...Homework 1: Expatriates 1.0 Problem Statement Argos Diesel, Europe, is encountering a common global project management problem. Enter Bert Donaldson, a charismatic, well-spoken manager who had improved the cross functional teams and fostered cohesion among Argos’ groups domestically in the US. He has been tasked to do the same thing in European soil, helping the fledgling network of companies achieve the same efficiency as the US, but he has so far failed to do so. Employee confidence in Donaldson’s vision is low, and the CEO Frank Waterhouse is starting to wonder if the best course of action is to now remove Donaldson from the project, and if not, what to do to improve him. 2.0 Results Donaldson, by himself, can no longer be a useful asset to Argos Diesel, Europe. He should either be removed so that someone experienced with European culture can continue the program, or someone experienced with European culture should be hired to work with Donaldson and be the new frontrunner for the program. 3.0 Discussion There are three main problems with having solely Donaldson as the person spearheading the program: * The first is his lack of preparation. His superiors (Waterhouse and Loun) never properly acquainted Donaldson with the knowledge he needs to operate successfully in a new European environment. As a result, Donaldson lacks the ability to speak anything other than English and he commits fatal cultural blunders. Seeing only through his own cultural perspective, he lacks...
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...Xerox’s actions are reminiscent of ethical relativism. As derived from Donaldson’s (1996) article, ethical relativism holds that no single code of ethics is superior than others, and so there is no absolute right and wrong (Donaldson, 1996). Ethical absolutism holds that regardless of one’s location or environment, there is only one correct set of ethical principles (Donaldson, 1996). As a business, Xerox’s main concern is making a profit. As long as it profits, it doesn’t see anything unethical in selling machines with capabilities greater than what customers actually need. Even if Xerox did see this as not being completely ethical, it compensates for this by doing a good deed – donating a percentage of its profits to charity. Hence, Xerox’s standards of what is ethical behaviour is very flexible and changes depending on its other actions. Donaldson (1996, p. 7) enumerates three core values that define “minimum ethical standards for all companies”. Evaluated against these core values, I believe Xerox’s actions are not unethical. These actions do not physically harm the customers, nor do they deny them of basic human values (Donaldson 1996). For every sale made, Xerox donates to charity. To me, this reciprocity satisfies the “Golden Rule” (Donaldson 1996, p. 7). Finally, Xerox did not force or deceive customers into buying their more expensive machines. Xerox can be said to have encouraged customers to “up-size” their purchases – like many other companies do. But at...
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...media portrayal of blacks is journalist Leigh Donaldson. In her article, “When the Media Misrepresents Black Men, the Effects Are Felt in the Real World”, Donaldson appeals to logos in order to show the repercussions of inaccurate African American portrayals in the media. For example, Donaldson references a 2011 study where “negative mass media portrayals were strongly linked with lower life expectations among black men.” In using this study, Donaldson is able to support her claim with firm academic evidence that showcases that the media truly does harm African males. Moreover, Donaldson also attempts to address where these problems arise from. She states that “people who have never interacted with a black family in their communities embrace what the media is telling them.” In other words, individuals who lack exposure to African American communities are unable to judge them for themselves, and instead rely on the judgement of their media sources, which are inherently negative. Of course, Donaldson isn’t throwing out a random claim, but yet again supports her statements with scientific research, this one in particular coming from a Opportunity Agenda study. All in all, Donaldson is able to eliminate skepticism within her claims that would detract from the idea that the media has a hand in the systematic oppression of blacks by citing empirical evidence. In addition to appealing to logos to structure her arguments, Leigh Donaldson constantly repeats the noun “we” in her article...
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...Postpartum depression (PPD) is a common complication of childbearing estimated at affecting women cross-culturally ranging from 7-20% (Donaldson-Myles, 2011; Fitelson, Kim, Baker, & Leight, 2011). There are many risk factors attributed to the development of PPD such as history of depression during pregnancy, history of anxiety during pregnancy, stressful life events, lack of social or partner support, low socioeconomic status, low oxytocin levels, as well as the use of formula for infant feeding (Donaldson-Myles, 2011; Stuebe, Grewen, & Meltzer-Brody, 2013; Fitelson et al., 2011). As PPD is a major public health concern for women and infant well-being research has found a wide range of treatment options ensuring individualized care. Postpartum...
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...their owners have exclusive and absolute legal rights, such as land, buildings, money, copyrights, patents, etc. Private property can be transferred only with its owner's consent, and by due process such as sale or gift.” John Locke was an influential English political philosopher who believed that God gave man the earth in common, meaning everyone had a right to it. That man had the right to use all that the earth produced, fruits, vegetables, water, animals… the necessities to maintain life and to allow human comfort. He believed that man was property too, but not common property as that man was his own property, which no one else could claim. He said “The labor of his body and the work of his hand we may say are properly his.” (Donaldson & Werhane, 2008, p. 158). Locke believed that the results of a man’s labor, such as gathering food gave exclusive rights to that property. “As much land as a man tills, plants, improves,...
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...Utilitarianism and the Theory of Justice* by Charles Blackorby, Walter Bossert and David Donaldson August 1999 revised August 2001 Prepared as Chapter 11 of the Handbook of Social Choice and Welfare K. Arrow, A. Sen and K. Suzumura, eds., Elsevier, Amsterdam Charles Blackorby: University of British Columbia and GREQAM Walter Bossert: Universit´ de Montr´al and C.R.D.E. e e David Donaldson: University of British Columbia * We thank Don Brown, Marc Fleurbaey, Philippe Mongin, John Weymark and a referee for comments and suggestions. Financial support through a grant from the Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada is gratefully acknowledged. August 20, 2001 Abstract This chapter provides a survey of utilitarian theories of justice. We review and discuss axiomatizations of utilitarian and generalized-utilitarian social-evaluation functionals in a welfarist framework. Section 2 introduces, along with some basic definitions, socialevaluation functionals. Furthermore, we discuss several information-invariance assumptions. In Section 3, the welfarism axioms unrestricted domain, binary independence of irrelevant alternatives and Pareto indifference are introduced and used characterize welfarist social evaluation. These axioms imply that there exists a single ordering of utility vectors that can be used to rank all alternatives for any profile of individual utility functions. We call such an ordering a social-evaluation ordering, and we introduce several...
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...to the destruction of his product and company. Moreover, he knew that the company could not just sit around and do nothing. It was in his ethical and moral decision where we see him making the right choice. To start, many social activists believed that by adding a new chemical (the oil of mustard) into the product, they would prevent and destroy it’s abuse altogether. Open to the idea but curious about the negative repercussions, Beto sent his H.B. Fuller staff members to look into the side effects of this addition to the glue. Ultimately, he discovered that the ‘inclusion of oil of mustard in products which contains solvents, in order to prevent their perversion into use as an addictive drug, only causes greater harm to the consumers (Donaldson 27). Upon this discovery, Beto met with the Solvent Abuse Foundation for Education (SAFE) and concluded that the glue sniffing abuse was a social and educational problem with the poor Honduran community and not product-oriented. Through an analysis of this, I agree that education is key. It is smart not to target the product itself, but to find the reason why the Honduran youth are abusing the industrial glue. With that reason, H.B. Fuller can focus its education around that. In the case study, a journalist stated that...
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...The author of my biography about Henry Ford, Wheels for the World, is Douglas Brinkley who is a professor at University of New Orleans and wrote many other biographies before. To begin, Brinkley is an expert on Henry Ford because of his fascination of Henry Ford interested him to the exposure to the former chauffeur of Henry Ford himself. For instance Brinkley’s fascination started when he was in school, which is when he met the chauffeur, Will Donaldson. Will Donaldson, whose father was an employee at the Ford Motor Company, built a special bond with Mr. Ford which consisted of Donaldson receiving a special pass to any Ford Motor Facility. To support, Brinkley has credentials ranging from earning a Ph.D in U.S diplomatic history to being a...
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...Jeremy Klee International Business 02W & CRW Research Paper 9/25/13 Globalization has been like an epidemic spreading across the business world in the last few decades. There is no denying that the true pioneers of spreading their business internationally have been the fast food industry. No other industry has had the perfect combination of staying true to its business roots but at the same time adapting themselves to the different countries they operate in better than the fast food industry. No matter where you go in the world you can get a Big Mac and it will taste exactly the same as it does here, but there are also many different options that customers in the United States would have no familiarity with. As will be obvious throughout this paper McDonalds is really the king of adapting its business to the various cultures of the countries they operate in. The top ten fast food chains with revenue made outside the United States from ten thru one are Dairy Queen, Dunkin Donuts, Wendy’s, Starbucks, Domino’s Pizza, Subway, Pizza Hut, Burger King, KFC, and McDonalds at number one with revenue total of 44 billion (Huffington Post Mar 12 2013). Some say that fast food chains that adapt themselves too much to other cultures are losing what made their businesses successful in the first place the idea that people in these for foreign countries eat at these restaurants to get a taste of American life not to eat the same thing they eat every day. That is really not the point...
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...CXO Profile Ricerca Biosciences, LLC Company Details Ricerca Biosciences, LLC 7528 Auburn Road Concord, OH 44077 Phone: (888) 742-3722 Fax: (440) 354-6276 website: http://www.ricerca.com/ Company Profile Originally named Ricerca, Inc., a privately owned company, was founded in 1986 to operate as a research and development center focused on analytical and process chemistry and toxicology. Originally, set up to focus on the development of agricultural products, in 1990, Ricerca, Inc. was acquired by Ishihara Sangyo Kaisha and shifted its focus to providing pharmaceutical research services. By 2002, the company had changed its name to Ricerca Biosciences, LLC to reflect its growing biology and biotechnology capabilities for the preclinical development of pharmaceutical and biotechnology products. Sustained by successful customer relations and partnering relationships, Ricerca Biosciences has grown to employ approximately 850 employees in the US, France and Taiwan (http://www.medcitynews.com/2010/03/ricerca-biosciences-completes-35m-buy-of-mds-pharma-units/), with 265 employees stationed at the Concord facility and 585 employees in the US and abroad. The current focus of Ricerca Bioscience is to offer a well-balanced integration of biological and medicinal chemistry services for the development of pharmaceutical and biotechnology products through the pre-clinical stage to the IND stage. Ricerca also provides continued support in CMC development, late stage non-clinical...
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...February 16, 2015 Angela Koch Operations Management – 3380 FHE, INC – CASE STUDY Discussion Questions 1) What steps should Donaldson take to improve the new-product development process at FHE? I would be remiss if we didn’t start by mentioning that the problem actually started with the Executive Management Team and the CEO. The organization chart shows a lack of cross-functional decision making which results in the inability to integrate operations. I don’t believe it is his place, but Lum Donaldson should suggest that Phil Thomas, vice president of corporate development and marketing who is currently responsible for both areas of marketing and design engineering split his duties and Merle Alison who is obviously in charge of the engineering group be put in charge of design engineering. Phil, needs to do what he does best and lead the marketing team to working with customers to create demand of the company’s products. This way there can be clear direction designed for the coordination of successful introduction of new products. With an extended Executive Committee consisting of Phil Thomas, Merle Alison and Norman Hart there will be more collaboration and better insight to running a new product through the companys processes. Lum Donaldson needs to coordinate the relationship between product managers, technical program managers, and marketing managers. Lum needs to clearly define the requirements necessary at each phase of project development so that the engineering...
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...GLOBAL ETHICS: The growing trend of globalization and liberalization of world trade has resulted in emergence of many Multinational Corporations that seek to explore new markets, increase sales and profits. Expanding to overseas markets is every home-based business’ desire in the long run; most companies pounce on the opportunity as soon as it presents itself. Internationalization however poses business challenges in product selection, marketing and ethical issues. Companies e.g. Daewoo that expanded rapidly into international fora oblivious of these challenges lost not only their business in the host countries but also valuable capital investments. Ethical challenges are however the most common and contentious. This is occasioned by differences in the requirements of home and host countries (DeGeorge, R.T. (15). For instance, friendly payments are called gift-giving in China while as in USA it is considered bribery. In addition, the religious beliefs of the majority in a country also influence its perception of business ethics. In India, for instance, it is unethical to eat beef; in Pakistan, it is abominable to eat pork. As such, companies must adhere to both the legal ethical requirements as well as societal ethical requirements to succeed in international markets. One major ethical difficulty is questionable payments. In many countries, especially in the East and in Africa, bribes and gift-giving are a social norm, especially for large value business deals. The Lockheed...
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