...Whole Body Donation for Research and Education. There are several types of donations that can occur after death. Organ donation, this occurs primarily occurs for the purposes of life saving transplantation. Tissue and eye donation for the purposes of transplantation, which is primarily, considered life enhancing. In some cases it could be considered life saving but for the most part a person would survive without the transplantation. This includes things such as bone grafts for accident or cancer victims, or eye (cornea) donation. They would likely live without it but might otherwise be significantly impaired i.e. blind, or crippled. Organ eye and tissue donation for transplantation is one of the most highly regulated areas in healthcare. Multiple regulatory agencies at the federal level such as CMS (Center for Medicare Services), FDA (Federal Drug Association), UNOS (United Network for Organ Sharing) have oversight. These areas of donation are also regulated in many, but not all cases by state oversight. This regulation while adding cost and complication helps assure the safety of the public. The next area of donation is done for the purposes of education or research. This area is completely unregulated in most states. The bodies donated to unregulated programs can be used for a variety of purposes. Often they are used as cadavers for training medical students. The remains could also be used as anatomical models for a chiropractor’s office, be processed...
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...medicine and Christian ethics. On the surface, this practice seems to be unselfish and kind-hearted, with the idea of sacrificing oneself to help another. To that point, 90% of Americans support organ donation. ("Statistics," 2013) When viewed from a Christian perspective, however, many complex issues arise. The following paper will describe these issues and where their complexity lies, what Scripture has to say on the issue, and how a Christian health professional should deal with them. Two major issues with this seemingly virtuous practice is the difficulty in differentiating between replaceable tissues and solid organs. Replaceable tissues, such as blood and bone marrow, can easily be given by a live donor, while organs can only be harvested once the donor is deceased, which brings about the debate about the criteria for determining death. Another major issue involves the question of who should give consent, and how to fairly allocate where these organs go. From a Christian perspective, however, a multitude of more critical Biblical issues are present. The first of these has to do with the Principle of Totality, which is to say that each part of the human body has a function and should not be removed. This principle does allow for transplantation, however, provided that the donation of the organ would preserve the life of another person. This issue is not directly addressed in Scripture, but certain Biblical principles must be applied to come to a conclusion. On one front, 1 Corinthians...
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...regarding organ donation, some do not realize the vast numbers on waiting lists. Others may be apprehensive about making a decision about their bodies after death. According to the National Network of Organ Donors, “nineteen people die every day in this country waiting for an organ transplant” (NNOD). Organ and tissue donation offer the gift of life however, many factors such as family, religion, and public attitudes influence the decision of organ donation. The origins of organ donation arose with several experimental transplants. The first successful transplant was a bone transplant in 1878, which used a bone from a cadaver (“Understanding Donation”). By 1954, Dr. Joseph E. Murray performed the first successful kidney transplant in Boston (“History of Organ Transplantation”). Since then, medical science has concentrated on organ donation as a way of replacing a recipient's dysfunctional organ with that of a healthy donor organ. It was not until 1967 that the first successful heart transplant took place. With this new development, the donor card was established as a legal document the next year (“History of Organ Transplantation”). In 1984, National Organ Transplant Act was passed; this established the Organ Procurement and Transplant Network. This fundamentally guaranteed fairness in distribution of donated organs (“Donation and Transplantation”). Three years later a new drug to suppress the immune system was developed, but was not approved until 1994. The donation process...
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...Organ donation is the act of donating an organ by a person so that it can be transplanted by surgical procedure in the body of the recipient. Organ donation can benefit the recipient largely by improving health, quality and span of his life and even save him from death or other critical conditions like paralysis. Organ Donation Image Source: deviantart.net/fs70/i/2010/300/0/0/organ_donation_ad_by_kirasepith-d31mxin.jpg Any person above the age of 18 is eligible to become a donor irrespective of the background. Even younger population under 18 can donate with permission from parent or guardian. The most surprising fact about organ donation is that some organs can be donated even when a person is alive. Most organs are however transplanted only after the donor is dead. By getting registered as a donor with some trust, one gets a donor card which makes him/her eligible for donation soon after his/her death. A single donor’s body can save up to 50 people. Age is not a constraint, which means that people aged 70 or 80 also can become successful donors. There is no dearth of people who need critical organs like kidney, lungs, liver or heart which has malfunctioned in their body due to critical disease or may be congenitally underdeveloped in their bodies. Not just organs but tissues can also be donated. Kidneys, lungs, pancreas, heart, small bowel and liver are chief organs that are donated for transplantation. Similarly the tissues of cornea, bone, skin, tendons, cartilage...
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...Nowsdays, organ donation is a great concern. Organ transplantation is medical procedures are come to agreement between not only doctor and patient but also relations a third person-the organ donor. There are two ways of donation: after death and living donation. Organs and tissues that can be transplanted are heart, lungs, liver, kidneys, pancreas and eye tissue, heart valves, skin and bone tissue. Besides, blood, cord blood, bone marrow and kidney, which can be performed by a living donor. Some people think mandatory law is necessary because that can help people and reduce of black market, where sales illegal organs. However, some other ones disapprove that because of their rights be violated and their families want to keep the body completely. Both sides of this complex issue will be discussed in this essay. The most important reason of donation organs after die is that can help many people, even if maybe can save or improve their life. In 2013, 34 deceased South Australians donors, who contribute to the Australia wide total of 319 whose generosity benefited 1122 recipients, which means one donor can help not only one person but also several people. According to the Australia Advertise news, there are 1500 people are on Australian organ transplant waiting lists at any one time. Moreover, people have some milestone in transplantation. For examples, the first successful kidney transplant from a deceased donor at Queen Elizabeth hospital, Adelaide, Australia in 1985 and first...
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...organ donor can save lives and improve the quality of life of recipients. Receiving a needed organ facilitates a restoration of physiological functioning and often means the difference between life and death. Many people have misconceptions regarding organ donation and simply do not understand the facts. Some do not realize the vast numbers on waiting lists and how simply becoming a donor could save the life of another. Others may be apprehensive about making a decision about their bodies after death. In this paper we explain the origins and history of organ donation, the process by which organs are donated, the ethical implications behind organ donation and discuss many of the proposed solutions to solve the organ shortage issue. HISTORY OF ORGAN DONATION The origins of organ donation arose with several experimental transplants. The first successful transplant was a bone transplant in 1878, which used a bone from a cadaver. (14) Experimentally, bone marrow transplants began by giving patients bone marrow orally after meals to cure leukemia. This had no effect, but later when they used intravenous injections to treat aplastic anemia, there was some effect (14). One development that largely aided organ donation was the discovery of blood groups in the early 20th century. The first recorded kidney transplant was in 1909 and was a rabbit kidney inserted into a child suffering from kidney failure. The child died after two weeks (8). The first human to human kidney transplantation...
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...663 people waiting for an organ. Approximately 80 people receive organ transplants each day. Unfortunately, 18 people die every day waiting for an organ. One donor can save up to 8 lives and enhance many others with tissue and blood donations. Patients can wait for months, even years on the waiting list, before they either get a transplant or they die waiting. One donor can save up to 8 lives and enhance many others with tissue and blood donations. Patients can wait for months, even years on the waiting list, before they either get a transplant or they die waiting The definition of organ donation is the donation of biological tissue or an organ of the human body, from a living or deceased person to a living recipient in need of a transplant. The organs of the body that can be transplanted currently are kidneys, heart, lungs, liver, pancreas, and the intestines. Kidney/pancreas transplants, heart/lung transplants and other combined organ transplants are also performed. Once an organ is taken out of the donor body it has to be used within hours. Most donated organs come from people who have passed away, but living individuals can donate a kidney, part of a pancreas, part of a lung, part of the liver, or part of the intestines. Tissue donations are corneas, the middle ear,...
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...Advertising for Blood Donations Strayer University November 25, 2012 Instructor: Dr. Jeffrey Kersh Advertising for Blood Donations After doing careful research of blood donations, I will be addressing the causes and effects of advertising for blood donations for the past thirty years. The cause of advertising for blood donations is to generate more business for blood (plasma) donations from our community and from other parts of the U.S. The effects of advertising for blood donations is to save the community for which we live in, save more lives, and also brighten lives for those who are in need. By Dr. Sumaiya Khan Published: 3/10/2010 The major cause of advertising for blood donations is to inform the public about the necessity of donating blood. Without lifesaving blood transfusions about 4.5 million Americans would die each year (Khan, 2010). Blood donation is the act where a healthy person voluntarily has blood drawn from his or her body. It is also important that the person who is donating blood is in a healthy state, as any diseased state always affects the blood, which could make the condition more contagious. Every two seconds, someone in the United States needs blood. Only 5% of eligible donors across the U.S. donate blood, while the requirement for transfusions is increasing by 9% every year (Khan, 2010). Blood donation is an excellent way to reduce the amount of iron accumulating in our body. Iron is a necessary mineral, but excess...
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...Why should someone donate their body to science, subjecting themselves to potential dissections or car crashes and so much more? What purpose is there to willingly allow one’s body to be disrespected? Those are potential questions one against body donations might pose, but I argue differently. Upon death, the cadaver is no longer the person once inhabiting the body. Experimenting or dissecting the cadaver for the betterment of mankind will not hurt them in any way and is not a sign of disrespect towards the person. If I did not qualify for organ donation, I personally would donate my body to science in order to better mankind, as my cadaver otherwise would have no purpose and as I do not perceive a cadaver as the person it once was. A dead, non-motile body has only a few options: rotting in the ground, lying uselessly in ashes in an urn, other methods of burial or...
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...Running head: WHY NOT ME? Why Not Me? African Americans and Organ Donation XXXX XXXXX Winston Salem State University CONTENTS ABSTRACT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3 INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 THE IMBALANCE OF SUPPLY AND DEMAND . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 THE ROOT OF AFRICAN AMERICAN DISPROPORTION OF ORGAN NEED . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5 THE ROOT OF AFRICAN AMERICAN DISPROPORTION OF DONATIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 CONCLUSIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 REFERENCES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 Abstract This article takes a brief look at an informal discussion of three groups of African Americans on organ donation as well as the author’s personal decision to become an organ and tissue donor. The disproportion of African American need to African American donation and the root causes are explored. Religious beliefs and uncertainties about the death process held the highest concerns in the three groups. WHY NOT ME? African Americans and Organ Donation I was 15 years old when I found out that Billy was my brother. My father explained that Billy’s mother...
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...Organ Donation Proposal Paper Abstract In the last decade, the progress of post-transplant outcome and the increased organ failure has led to an increased need for organ transplant around the globe. Several factors such as the availability of guidelines for determining the eligibility influence this issue into more organ crisis. On the other hand, the need to meet the increased need for organ transplant has resulted in a rise in the number of people on the waiting list. According to Wendy (2005), in the year 2006 alone, the number of patients or Organ receivers on the waiting list was roughly around 95,000. Each year over 6,300 death cases reported due to unavailability of the organ in the United States (Gary, 2007). Due to the high shortage of organ, dozens of people life leading into a search for other alternative or pathway such as dialysis. Consequently, this kind of alternative methods has been able to provide practical solutions to this and other organ donation-related problems around the world (Wendy, 2005). The shortage of organs has deprived many patients of quality and better way of life. This paper provides a brief history of the organ donation, pros, and cons, statistics of organ donation, myths surrounding organ donation, organ donation-related issues and as well as the solutions and recommendations. Organ Donation Proposal History of Organ Donation Organ donations started back on 1954 Professor Joseph Murray surgeon who performed the first successful kidney...
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...Name and Section: Speech Title: Organ Donation Specific Purpose: To persuade my audience to not only donate their organs, but to take care to ensure there is action taken upon their decisions. Organizational Pattern: Problem-Solution order Introduction I. Attention Getter: We all know how it feels to wait for something, that eager, antsy feeling that overwhelms you when you’re placed on a waiting list for something that you really want. Now, imagine that the waiting list you are on is over 121,000 people long. And the item you are waiting on is a matter of life and death. (http://www.americantransplantfoundation.org/about-transplant/facts-and-myths/) II. Thesis: There is an ever growing need for organ donation and donating can be a simple process to complete. III. Credibility Statement: On average, 22 people per day die on the organ transplant list due to organ donor shortages. (http://www.americantransplantfoundation.org/about-transplant/facts-and-myths/) IV. Preview Statement: The purpose of this presentation is to persuade listeners to donate organs by presenting the critical need for donors, share the benefits of donating, and debunk some widely believed myths. My hope is that I will share enough information that a non-donor will become a donor or a donor will take action to ensure their organ donation after death. Body Transition: There is a great need for organ donors. Unfortunately, there are over 121,000 people on the transplant waiting list and only about...
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...is safe to be transferred to another human being. Thesis statement: People should give blood because it is easy and though there might be a little pain involved it, while blood donation will help save so many lives and you can get great snacks. INTRODUCTION I. ATTENTION A. Attention Getter: Do you know that blood donation can help save the lives of up to three people? According to American Red Cross's blood statistics, if you began donating blood at age 17 and donated every 56 days until you reached 76, you would have donated 48 gallons of blood, potentially helping save more than 1000 lives. B. Common ground: Every two seconds, someone in the United State needs blood and more than 41,000 blood donations are needed every day. So while you may never worry about having enough blood to function, plenty of others are not as fortunate. C. Thesis: Blood donors report feeling a sense of great satisfaction after making their donation. Because help others in need just feels good. Transition: Now let us begin with the need for blood donation. BODY II. NEED A. The article "Donate" in the New York Times quoted as saying, "The stress on the blood supply is increasing. " 1. The demand for blood never lets up because according to "Give Blood" In Weekly Reader, every day thousands of people need donations to survive. 2. The blood must go through a series of time-consuming tests and then used before it perishes - whole blood for instance cannot be used after 42 days. 3. As a result...
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...So are the even more recent attempts to reframe and expand the number of bodies available for donation by implementing DCD (donation after cardiac death) in cases where total brain infarction does not occur, but the hope of recovery to consciousness and a life worth living is (close to) zero. Giving away one’s organs when one does not need them any more (when one is dead, or, perhaps rather, “dead enough”) is increasingly framed by states as a gift one cannot refuse to give, provided that one has been properly informed about what the decision means to those in need of an organ. Framed in this manner, the refusal to donate becomes viewed as irrational. What rational person would want to keep something that he or she does not need when others are in desperate need of that very thing? As a consequence, all citizens’ willingness to give the “gift of life” of organ donation can be presumed. Organs are too precious to be wasted because people are irrational or egoistic, or simply because they do not want to think about their own death before they pass away. This is the message sent worldwide by the metaphor of the “gift of...
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...exchange for organ donations or assigning monetary value to the human body, or body parts, is inconsistent with our values as a society. The proposed legislation could also promote suicidal behavior in people who are in need of monetary help or want to help out their family and loved ones. By offering financial incentives, there could be an increase in crimes such as organ stealing and possibly murder for receiving money for the stolen organ. These are the few issues that this proposed legislation raises. Even though the proposed legislation raises the above mentioned issues, I would still support the the bill. Providing financial incentives for organ donation might seem like it diminishes human dignity, however, it could be something worth looking into. In the normal world, people are naturally resistant to things they are not familiar with or cannot relate to. Economic incentives might force them to rethink their options about organ donation. The proposed legislation may not deter people who believe it is wrong but, it will cause a large population to consider organ donation as an option. This could lead to many more organ donations. The member of the U.S House of Representatives had mentioned that, per ten thousand organ donors, there would be a reduction in tax collection by $250 million. That looks like a big amount but not when compared to the amount the federal government spends on renal dialysis every year. If there is an increase in organ donation, the...
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