...Institutionalization, or the organized effort for the care of the mentally ill, began in America in the mid-18th century with the Philadelphia Quakers. Our country’s historical efforts towards providing care to the masses of those deemed mentally-deficient is certainly a storied one; now, with an almost infamous air, the concept of institutionalized care seems barbaric to the modern-day citizen. Although its reputation as an uncivilized and inhumane practice precedes it, institutionalization was not always viewed in the unfavorable light with which it is today. Many groups and notable figures throughout American history fought hard to bring the concept of institutionalization to reality, perhaps most notably, Dorothea Dix. However, as the...
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...prisoners, mentally ill people locked up--Dorothea Dix was horrified by what she saw when she visited a Massachusetts jail in 1841. This is when she started investigating prisons and asylums all over Massachusetts, to find out what really occurs on the other sides of the stone walls. Dix was born in Hampden, Maine and grew up in Worcester, Massachusetts. She was first of three children to Joseph Dix and Mary Bigelow, and ran away from her alcoholic parents and abusive father to live with her prosperous grandmother at 12 years old. At age 14, she began teaching school and founded the Dix Mansion, a school for poor girls who couldn’t afford education. Dix didn’t know it yet, but her life was about to change and her whole future would be determined after that first visit. Dorothea Dix’s life completely changed when she visited East Cambridge Jail, a women's prison to teach Sunday school. Naked and chained...
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...Dorothea Lynde Dix, a social reformer, was born in Hampden, Maine on April 4, 1802 and grew up in Worcester, Massachusetts. At age 14, Dorothea Dix began teaching. Later in 1819 she established an all girls’ school called Dix Mansion as well as a charity school for unfortunate girls. In the year 1841, Dorothea Dix started teaching at East Cambridge Jail, a prison only for women. Teaching Sunday school at East Cambridge Jail took a turn for Dorothea’s life. During her time teaching there, she realized that the handling of prisoners were horrifying, especially the handling of prisoners who were mentally ill. In result Dorothea Dix spent most of her life devoting to the welfare of the mentally ill. She began traveling around the country to investigate the environment and conditions of prisons and documented all the conditions. One case that was documented was about an old man she had visited. The old man became mentally ill after the death of his only son. Jail was the only place this man could go to be cared for. The old man was found lying on a small bed in a dark basement room deprived of necessary comfort. All documentation of the prison’s environment, such as the case of the old man was presented to the Massachusetts legislature. Not only did Dorothea investigate and document the conditions of prisons around the...
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...“The fact is that, in all prisons everywhere, cruelties on the one hand and injudicious laxity of discipline on the other have at times appeared and will, at intervals, be renewed except the most vigilant oversight is maintained.” (Brainyquote.com) Dorothea Lynde Dix was instrumental in improving the treatment of the mentally ill. Her determination to improve the conditions for the “blind, deaf, and the dumb” was sparked when she traveled to England with some of her friends. While in England, she took a job teaching inmates at East Cambridge Jail, a women's prison. While employed at the prison, she witnessed the cruel treatment of the mentally ill, which included being flagged, chained, starved, left naked with neither heat nor sanitation, and being sexually and physically abused. (Biography.com) She believed...
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...Springboard Activity One Quote from book and Warm-Up Students will read this quote on the smart board and answer the following questions: How do you feel about the nurse being a wolf? What do you think about people being wolfs in everyday life? "This world ... belongs to the strong, my friend! The ritual of our existence is based on the strong getting stronger by devouring the weak. We must face up to this. No more than right that it should be this way. We must learn to accept it as a law of the natural world. The rabbits accept their role in the ritual and recognize the wolf as the strong. In defense, the rabbit becomes sly and frightened and elusive and he digs holes and hides when the wolf is about. And he endures, he goes on. He knows his place. He most certainly doesn't challenge the wolf to combat. Now, would that be wise? Would it?" He [Harding] lets go McMurphy's hand and leans back and crosses his legs, takes another long pull off the cigarette. He pulls the cigarette from his thin crack of a smile, and the laugh starts up again-eee-eee-eee, like a nail coming out of a plank. "Mr. McMurphy ... my friend ... I'm not a chicken, I'm a rabbit. The doctor is a rabbit. Cheswick there is a rabbit. Billy Bibbit is a rabbit. All of us in here are rabbits of varying ages and degrees, hippity-hopping through our Walt Disney world. Oh, don't misunderstand me, we're not in here because we are rabbits-we'd be rabbits wherever we were-we're all in here because we can't adjust...
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...Wendy Parker HIS 132-51 E. Jackson April 23, 2013 Dorothea Lynde Dix: A Woman With A Voice, Vision, and Victory For the Mentally Insane Deep in the dark dungeons of the jail or the “crazy cellar,” lived the neglected and often beaten, mentally insane. Naked, filthy, and foul-smelling, they often lived among other hardened criminals and “lunatics” of the day. There was no heat in the winter, or coolness in the summer, for it was thought they could not feel the heat or the cold, and they most certainly did not deserve any better. Chains bound them together, but one woman made it her life’s ambition to break those chains of confinement and of inhumane, barbaric treatment that the mentally ill endured in the early 1800’s. This woman was Dorothea Lynde Dix. As a social reformer, teacher, writer, nurse and humanitarian, Dorothea Dix devoted her life to the welfare of the mentally ill and handicapped. Her methods of research, lobbying, and advocacy were both innovative and effective in changing the world’s perceptions of the mentally ill. The overall purpose of this paper is to trace her life from her early to later years, with an emphasis on her antebellum and Civil War career, and then take a final look at a hospital here in North Carolina she helped to establish. By doing so, one may learn how and why she was inspired to make it her life-long career to advocate for the mentally ill in the ingenious ways she did. Dorothea Dix was defined by her earliest beginnings. Born in Hampden...
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...Professional Roles and Values Question A A state regulatory agency is defined as “a state body responsible for establishing professional standards, and for certifying professionals or organizations through appropriate documentation” (State regulatory agency, 2015). State boards of nursing are government agencies that are responsible for regulating nursing practice to protect the public. They ensure nursing practice standards are met and that nurses are competent in their practice (American Nurses Association, 2012). An example of a state regulatory agency that pertains to my professional nursing practice in the Massachusetts Board of Nursing. “The mission of the Massachusetts Board of Registration in Nursing is to protect the health, safety and welfare of the citizens of the Commonwealth through the fair and consistent application of the statutes and regulations governing nursing practice and nursing education” (Commonwealth of Massachusetts, 2015). A professional organization is defined as an “organization seeking to further a particular profession, the interests of individuals engaged in that profession and the public interest” (Professional association, 2015). A Professional Nursing Organization (PNO) can offer many opportunities for nurses, including continuing education programs and certification in specialty areas of nursing. An example of a PNO pertaining to my professional nursing practice is the American Psychiatric Nurses Association (APNA). Their mission states...
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...The Impact of the 2010 Institute of Medicine (IOM) Report on the Future of Nursing in Education, Practice and Leadership Esther Edukuye Grand Canyon University: Professional Dynamics NRS 430v 5/6/12 Janet Arnold Abstract This paper seeks to expand upon the 2010 Institute of Medicine’s report on the future of nursing, leading change, advancing health and illustrating its impact on nursing education, practice and leadership. There is an ongoing transformation in the healthcare system necessitated by the need to achieve a patient centered care in the community, public, and primary care settings in contrast to previous times. Nurses occupying vital roles in the healthcare system, need improvements in the areas mentioned above to enhance needed reforms. Having reviewed the 2010 institute of medicine (IOM ) report on the Future of Nursing Leading Change Advancing Health, despite being a practicing nurse for a long time, I felt a renewed sense of call to duty. I felt better about my decision to go back to school to earn my baccalaureate degree and started to think of how I can use the knowledge I will acquire thereby, to empower myself, as related to my present field of practice and start effecting changes immediately in the areas of nursing education, practice and leadership as identified in the report, needing crucial, innovation and reform. As a nurse presently in the mainstream of practice, it is no doubt that nursing care delivery today is really impacted in so...
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...TExES I Texas Examinations of Educator Standards Preparation Manual 133 History 8–12 Copyright © 2006 by the Texas Education Agency (TEA). All rights reserved. The Texas Education Agency logo and TEA are registered trademarks of the Texas Education Agency. Texas Examinations of Educator Standards, TExES, and the TExES logo are trademarks of the Texas Education Agency. This publication has been produced for the Texas Education Agency (TEA) by ETS. ETS is under contract to the Texas Education Agency to administer the Texas Examinations of Educator Standards (TExES) program and the Certification of Educators in Texas (ExCET) program. The TExES program and the Examination for the Certification of Educators in Texas (ExCET) program are administered under the authority of the Texas Education Agency; regulations and standards governing the program are subject to change at the discretion of the Texas Education Agency. The Texas Education Agency and ETS do not discriminate on the basis of race, color, national origin, sex, religion, age, or disability in the administration of the testing program or the provision of related services. PREFACE The State Board for Educator Certification (SBEC) has developed new standards for Texas educators that delineate what the beginning educator should know and be able to do. These standards, which are based on the state-required curriculum for students—the Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills (TEKS)—form the basis for new Texas Examinations...
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...Emergency Medical Services: The Evolution Behind the System Russell Keogler CED 595: Project Seminar May 3, 2011 Dr. Richard Gatteau Abstract The purpose of this study is to determine the evolutionary process of the emergency medical services system. The research explores the impact of war and prominent military figures on the development of emergency medical services as well as civilian efforts made to establish emergency services within the public sector. The research also discusses the ways in which major medical advancements and various reports and acts of legislation played a crucial part in the development of the modern day EMS system. Overall, results show that the EMS system as we know it today is a fairly modern creation based on centuries’ worth of ideas and discoveries. Introduction In modern day America the three digits 9-1-1 signify an accessible lifeline for individuals in need of emergency medical attention. The vast system is accessible from any telephone line and provides emergency services to even the most remote locations of the country. However, in spite of the simplistic process to initiate services, the emergency medical system is very complex. Thousands of independent agencies working in different capacities must coordinate efforts to insure that the system runs efficiently. Without effective cooperation by organizations the system would undeniably fail to meet the expectations of those calling for medical aid (Limmer &...
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...The handmaiden 3) The battle-ax 4) The naughty nurse 5) The military image A. Nurses on the battlefield * Hospitalers – specialized soldiers who at the end of battle returned to the outposts to care for the sick and injured * Army nursing service – organize nurses and hospitals and coordinate supplies for the soldiers during the Civil War * Clara Barton a. Provided care in tents set up close to the fighting b. Did not discriminate c. Establishment of the American Red Cross * Harriet Tubman – helped slaves escape to freedom on the underground railroad * Walt Whitman – a poet * Louisa May Alcott – an author * Dorothea Dix – union’s superintendent of female nurses during the Civil War B. Nurses fighting diseases * Florence Nightingale d. Epidemiology – the study of the distribution and origins of disease e. Air, light, nutrition, and adequate ventilation and space assist the patient to recuperate * Lillian Wald & Mary Brewster f. Founded the Henry Street Settlement in NY to improve the health and social conditions of poor immigrants g. Improve health and prevent illness by promoting safe drinking water, adequate sewage facilities, and proper sanitation Florence Nightingale (1820-1910) * “Lady of the Lamp” * Walked through the camp at night providing care to the...
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...Inc., including, but not limited to, in any network or other electronic storage or transmission, or broadcast for distance learning. Some ancillaries, including electronic and print components, may not be available to customers outside the United States. This book is printed on acid-free paper. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 DOC/DOC 1 0 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 ISBN: MHID: 978-0-07-803818-1 0-07-803818-9 Vice President & Editor-in-Chief: Michael Ryan Vice President EDP/Central Publishing Services: Kimberly Meriwether David Editorial Director: Beth Mejia Senior Managing Editor: Meghan Campbell Executive Marketing Manager: Pamela S. Cooper Senior Project Manager: Joyce Watters Buyer: Nicole Baumgartner Design Coordinator: Margarite Reynolds Media Project Manager: Sridevi Palani Compositor: Glyph International Typeface: 10/13 Palatino Printer: R. R. Donnelley All credits appearing on page or at the end of the book are considered to be an extension of the copyright page. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Ruggiero, Vincent Ryan. Beyond feelings: a guide to critical thinking / Vincent Ryan Ruggiero. —9th ed. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-0-07-803818-1 (alk. paper) 1. Critical thinking. I....
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...Chapter 1: Student Characteristics Understand Characteristics of Students with Disabilities Some students with disabilities pass through typical developmental milestones and express skills within an average range for their age group. Others show delayed growth at certain developmental milestones, and many students with disabilities experience challenges as they navigate through the school curriculum. It is critical that special education teachers know how to differentiate between typical individual differences among children without disabilities and differences that may indicate a disability that requires interventions and/or specialized designed instruction. In addition, special education teachers need to know the most common types of disabilities that students may experience and how those disabilities affect their ability to learn and their behavior in the classroom. Competency 1 thus focuses on the characteristics of typical and atypical human growth and development and the characteristics of students with various disabilities that special education teachers are likely to encounter. The test includes a wide range of multiple-choice questions that address Competency 1. * Questions on typical and atypical behaviors and abilities for children and adolescents at particular ages. * Questions on the types and characteristics of various disabilities. * Questions on the similarities and differences among students with and without disabilities. This competency encompasses...
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...South Carolina Social Studies Academic Standards Mick Zais, Ph.D. State Superintendent of Education South Carolina Department of Education Columbia, South Carolina State Board Approved Document – August 18, 2011 Contents Acknowledgments.......................................................................................................................... iii Introduction .....................................................................................................................................1 Social Studies Standards Page Format .............................................................................................5 Grade-Level Standards for Social Studies Grades K–3 Kindergarten. Foundations of Social Studies: Children as Citizens ...............................................7 Grade 1. Foundations of Social Studies: Families........................................................................12 Grade 2. Foundations of Social Studies: Communities ................................................................17 Grade 3. South Carolina Studies ..................................................................................................22 Grades 4–5 Grade 4. United States Studies to 1865 ........................................................................................29 Grade 5. United States Studies: 1865 to the Present ....................................................................36 Grades 6–8 Grade 6. Early Cultures to 1600...
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...Acclaim for Chuck Palahniuk’s Choke “Just as dark and outrageous as his previous work. … His voice is so distinctive that he exists as a genre unto himself.” —The Washington Post “Palahniuk’s language is urgent and tense, touched with psychopathic brilliance, his images dead-on accurate. … [He] is an author who makes full use of the alchemical powers of fiction to synthesize a universe that mirrors our own fiction as a way of illuminating the world without obliterating its complexity.” —LA Weekly “Puts a bleakly humorous spin on self-help, addiction recovery, and childhood trauma. … Choke’s funny, mantra-like prose plows toward the mayhem it portends from the get-go.” —The Village Voice “Oddly, defiantly, addictive.” happily —Daily News “[Choke] shines a flashlight into America’s dark corners. … As darkly comic and starkly terrifying as your high school yearbook photo.” —GQ “Palahniuk is a gifted writer, and the novel is full of terrific lines.” —The New York Times Book Review “[Palahniuk’s] most enduring trait … is that marvelous quicksilver voice of his. … The exuberance of his language makes it still worthwhile to brave these often chilly and dark waters.” —The Oregonian “Choke is another welcome antidote to antiseptic consumer life, and you can’t blame it for grabbing you by the throat.” —Maxim “Palahniuk is a cult writer in the truest sense.” —Entertainment Weekly “His subversive riffs conjure a kind of jump-cut cinema of the diseased imagination, resulting...
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