Chapter 1: Matter and Energy
Spring 2013

Topics

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Chapter 1 Topics  Matter and its Classification  Physical and Chemical Changes and Properties of Matter  Energy and Energy Changes (skip)  Scientific Inquiry Chapter 1 Math Toolboxes  Scientific Notation (exponential notation)  Significant Figures  Units and Conversions
Chem 100 Spring 2014

Classification of Matter
 Chemistry is a branch of physical science, concerned with the study of the composition, properties and behavior of matter.  Matter is anything that occupies space and has mass.  Forms of energy are NOT matter. Heat and light, for example, do not occupy space and have no mass.  Consider the different forms of matter and energy in this picture.

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Chem 100 Spring 2014

Classification of Matter
 We classify matter so that we can understand it better.
 One way to classify matter is as pure substances or mixtures.

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Matter

Pure Substances

Mixtures

Chem 100 Spring 2014

Classification of Matter – Pure Substances
Pure Substances:
 have the same composition throughout, and from sample to sample. can be further classified as either elements or compounds.

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Pure Substances



Elements

Compounds

Chem 100 Spring 2014

Pure Substances - Elements
 An element is a substance that cannot be broken down into simpler substances even by a chemical reaction.

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Chem 100 Spring 2014

Elements and their Symbols
 Element symbols often consist of one or two letters of the element’s name.  Examples: carbon: C calcium: Ca

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Chem 100 Spring 2014

Elements and their Symbols
 List of Elements and their symbols:
 Need to know by Exam I  D2L Handout
 Content Page

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Chem 100 Spring 2014

Atoms  Matter is composed of atoms.
 An atom is the smallest unit of an element that retains the chemical properties of that element.