...Personnel Policies © Copyright Carter McNamara, MBA, PhD, Authenticity Consulting, LLC. Note that matters of employee law and regulations apply the same to for-profit and nonprofit organizations. Sections of This Topic Include About Personnel Policies Sample List of Personnel Policies Training on Policies Various Perspectives on Personnel Policies Also see Related Library Topics Learn More in the Library's Blog Related to Personnel Policies In addition to the articles on this current page, see the following blogs which have posts related to Personnel Policies. Scan down the blog's page to see various posts. Also see the section “Recent Blog Posts” in the sidebar of the blog or click on “next” near the bottom of a post in the blog. Library's Human Resources Blog About Personnel Policies Role of Personnel Policies There are numerous laws and regulations which regulate the nature of the relationship between an employee (and volunteer, in the case of nonprofits) and his or her organization. They are intended primarily to ensure that everyone is treated fairly and equitably regardless of their race, creed, color or sexual orientation. They are intended to ensure that the treatment of employees and volunteers is based primarily on their job performance. Common types of activities guided by the laws and regulations are, for example, hiring and firing, benefits and compensation, affirmative action, rights of privacy, discrimination and harassment, and wrongful termination...
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...The term ‘Brain Drain’ was first coined by the British Royal Society and they used it to explain the transfer or outflow of scientists and technologists from one’s homeland to countries like The United States of America and Canada in the 1950s and early 1960s. This is normally used as another word to describe the movement of Human Capital (HC hereafter) – where the net flow of expertise was more heavily focused in one direction as compared to the other. Phase-1 (1950s to 1960s) Grubel and Scott identified that developed and developing countries are advanced in the fields of science and technology while Pierpaolo Giannocolo concluded that a lesser developed country which sends its qualified and skilled workers to these countries will not only benefit from this socially but also economically. Initially, the outflow of scientists and technologists was focused from Europe (and primarily the UK) to The United States and Canada. On the other hand, Kannappan stated that the heavy outflow of skilled labor from poor countries resulted in the nations losing their economic and productivity potentials. Similarly, according to Portes, the concept of ‘brain drain’ was mainly harmful for the native countries as it resulted in the development of the North and backwardness of the Southern countries. Phase-2 (1970s-1990s) The reviews from a majority of the scholars concluded that the concept of ‘brain drain’ is in fact not beneficial for the native country as it usually results in the host...
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...Brain Drain: Why People Leave their Motherland? (Implications for the Developed and Developing Economies) ‘Ask not what your country can do for you – ask what you can do for your country?’ – John F. Kennedy, Former US President. The need to migrate to another place from where you are is a old habit of the human race. The migration of people from one country to another has both good and bad effects. Good effects on the country that they are migrating to and a bad effect of on the country that they are leaving when it comes to highly educated people and skilled man power. In economic terms, it is known as brain drain. It is now widely known that migration of highly skilled or educated people of one country to another to settle down and work is to improve their economic condition. At about the same time that the United states of America launched its space programme and reduced its immigration laws from other countries to the US, the newly liberated countries of Asia (which includes Sri Lanka) , Africa and Latin America started to develop their economy which required skilled professionals in engineering, educationists, technicians and others. But the migration of these type of professionals to developed countries bottlenecks the development of the poor countries. We can see that the majority of the young or educated people from around the globe are preferring to settle down in the developed countries like USA, UK, Canada, Australia or other European and East Asian...
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...Brain Drain (from developing countries to Canada) Chetan Chauhan ENGL 250-.63 Prof. Ingrid Smith Centennial College December 02, 2014 STATEMENT OF AUTHORSHIP I certify that this thesis entitled “Brain drain (from developing countries to Canada)” is my own work. Except where reference is made in the text of the thesis, this thesis contain material published elsewhere or extracted in whole or in part from a thesis by which I have qualified for or been awarded another degree or diploma. No other person’s work has been used without due acknowledgement in the main text of the thesis. Chetan Chauhan December 02, 2014 SUMMARY Everyone in this world wants to have a better life. A life which is full of all the basic necessities and is stable and worry free. In the pursuit of a better life people move from one place to another, soon leading to a major problem these days called Brain drain. When people move from one pace to another they don’t just take their things with them they also take away their brains, their knowledge, talents and abilities. Which soon become available for the host nation, which initially belongs to the native country, but is no longer available. This unavailability of the knowledge hurts the native nation, they struggle to develop, which soon leads to different problems like poverty, instability. This leads to a situation where the developed becomes more developed and developing remains developing. To overcome this issue and spread equity...
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...The migration of skilled individuals to other nations is referred as the brain drain or the human capital flight. This migration of talented individuals may be due to conflicts, lack of opportunity, or health hazards where they are living. In India, brain drain is more because educated individuals are emigrating for higher wages and better opportunities. It has been in our consciousness since 30 years and many bright youngsters have emigrated mainly to US from early 1960s onwards including a large fraction of the graduating class at IITs in India. Advantages The money the emigrants have sent back home has helped in alleviating poverty in their homes. It has resulted in less child labor, greater child schooling, more hours worked in self-employment and a higher rate of people starting capital intensive enterprises. The money remittances have also reduced the level and severity of poverty. Moreover, the money migrants sent back are spent more in investments such as education, health and housing, rather than on food and other goods. Disadvantages Due to the influence of brain drain, the investment in higher education is lost as the highly educated person leaves India and becomes an asset to other country. Also, whatever social capital the individual has been a part of is reduced by his or her departure. With all the college graduates leaving their homelands, it raises the question as to whether their skills are being put to good use in the destination country. The...
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...International Journal of Manpower Emerald Article: Brain drain from Turkey: the case of professionals abroad Nil Demet Güngör, Aysit Tansel Article information: To cite this document: Nil Demet Güngör, Aysit Tansel, (2008),"Brain drain from Turkey: the case of professionals abroad", International Journal of Manpower, Vol. 29 Iss: 4 pp. 323 - 347 Permanent link to this document: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/01437720810884746 Downloaded on: 12-05-2012 References: This document contains references to 35 other documents To copy this document: permissions@emeraldinsight.com This document has been downloaded 1649 times. Access to this document was granted through an Emerald subscription provided by IQRA UNIVERSITY KARACHI For Authors: If you would like to write for this, or any other Emerald publication, then please use our Emerald for Authors service. Information about how to choose which publication to write for and submission guidelines are available for all. Additional help for authors is available for Emerald subscribers. Please visit www.emeraldinsight.com/authors for more information. About Emerald www.emeraldinsight.com With over forty years' experience, Emerald Group Publishing is a leading independent publisher of global research with impact in business, society, public policy and education. In total, Emerald publishes over 275 journals and more than 130 book series, as well as an extensive range of online products and services. Emerald is both COUNTER 3 and TRANSFER...
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...Storm Water Mitigation JoAnn Westerberg Research and Writing - ENG 215 February 26, 2012 Amanda Mc Clure Storm Water Mitigation While driving to work during a rainstorm, I noticed how much rainwater was pooling on city streets. Many roads become flooded because of the amount of rainfall and the inability of the storm drains to handle the amount of rainfall. After a heavy rainfall, hillsides comes tumbling down across roads. News reports from all across the country show how flooding occurs, washing away roads, trees and houses. This is a major problem country-wide causing millions of dollars of damage every year. How can this be prevented? There are many ideas to alleviate the problem of such flooding such as using rain gardens, grassy swales, and permeable pavement. A rain garden is a planted depression that allows rainwater runoff from impervious urban areas like roofs, driveways, walkways, and compacted lawn areas allowing the storm water runoff to soak into the ground instead of flowing into storm drains. Rain gardens decrease the amount of pollution entering into creeks and streams by 30 percent. Rain gardens are usually located near a drainage pipe or a roof. The benefits of rain gardens are improving the quality of runoff water, provide flood control, encourage wildlife and biodiversity, ties developments and environments together, and are pleasing to the eye. In 1990, Dick Brinker, a developer building a new housing subdivision in Prince George County...
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...used; * Trenches were excavated through building’s and pipe’s perimeters in order to do the footing and accommodate pipes; * Screened bank run gravel was utilized as bedding for pipes and conduits to support the earth load; * The land was graded according to its final characteristics: areas to be paved with grader; areas under slab; sloped areas; * Geotextile was used in the field area to control the rolled erosion. Underground Utilities: * According to a brief research, Southcentral frost line is between 4 and 6 ft. Once Wasilla is located near the ocean, frost line was considered around 4 feet under the floor. Having this in mind, water pipe, storm drain pipe and sewer pipe were placed at 5 ft bellow grade; * For water and sewer pipe high density polyethylene was used. For storm drain pipe, corrugated polyethylene pipe was used, as specified in project. Bases, Ballasts, Pavements & Appurtenances: * For roads, sidewalks, parking lot, entry way, student drop off 2’’ asphalt pavement and 24’’ subbase was used; * For the building, 12’’ subbase was used; * For practice field, slopes, rain garden and event parking, 4’’ top soil was used; * A 2’’...
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...clog up. But there’s a plumbing tool called “Drain Auger”. Most people say that it’s very easy to use this tool. It helps remove all the clogs and blockages inside the drains. Drain Auger have a long snake looking body that’s flexible. Sometimes it can get stuck trying to pull up all the stuff that’s blocking the water that’s trying to go through inside the drain. Some plumbers have to take the risks of trying to go through with it. I have to twist the long snake down the drain. Then, I have to rewind the snake as you pull all the clogged stuff up from the drain. My creation can help you unclog any blockage that’s blocking your water from going down the drain....
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...1757. Better late than never, this exploitation was realised by 1860. The period 1875-1905 became a period of intellectual unrest and spreading national consciousness. The main reason for India’s poverty was identified as the drain of wealth to England. The nationalists undertook a vigorous agitation to get rid of this evil. They used all forms of public communication such as speeches, letters to the British newspapers, articles in journals, correspondence with officials, evidence before official commissions and committees, private correspondence etc; to communicate this message to a wider spectrum of people. It is no doubt due to the efforts of that men that we realised “the financial, political and intellectual drain” we were subjected to. They felt that what British can do is to lend India back it’s wealth to develop it’s resources.They say that drain is not only loss of wealth but also loss of capital. Drain not only cut current national savings but even diminished the existing stock of inherited national capital. They felt that drain also hindered industrial development, india’s way to economic salvation. The nationalists laid emphasis on the question ‘What was this drain due to?’ and found out the following sources of drain. Inordinate employment of europeans in indian administration, army and railways Home charges/expenses of the Indian government in Britain: These constitute the payment of interest on indian public debt, guaranteed railways...
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...BRAIN DRAIN Human capital flight, more commonly referred to as "brain drain", is the large-scale emigration of individuals with technical skills or knowledge. The reasons usually include two aspects which respectively come from countries and individuals. In terms of countries, the reasons may be social environment (in source countries: lack of opportunities, political instability, economic depression, health risks; in host countries: rich opportunities, political stability and freedom, developed economy, better living conditions). In terms of individual reasons, there are family influences (overseas relatives, and personal preference: preference for exploring, ambition for an improved career, etc. Although the term originally referred to technology workers leaving a nation, the meaning has broadened into: "the departure of educated or professional people from one country, economic sector, or field for another, usually for better pay or living conditions". Brain drain is usually regarded as an economic cost, since emigrants usually take with them the fraction of value of their training sponsored by the government or other organizations. It is a parallel of capital flight, which refers to the same movement of financial capital. Brain drain is often associated with de-skilling of emigrants in their country of destination, while their country of emigration experiences the draining of skilled individuals. The term brain drain was coined by the Royal Society to describe the emigration...
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...Brain BRAIN DRAIN AND IMPACT ON DEVELOPMENT OAS Special Committee on Migration 13 January 2009 Washington Presentation Outline Background and Overview Issues and Impacts Policy Responses 2 Brain drain • Outflow of persons – Volume – Relative to the wider economic and social environment – Compensatory movements • Cost benefit analysis – Est 5% global liberalization of labour migration could contribute $300b p.a to world welfare (greater than ODA or FDI) – Even a more conservative increase by developed countries of 3% of their total workforce would increase world welfare by more than $150b p.a. 3 Migration data • Neither globally nor regionally established data collection mechanisms • No consensus on definitions • Incompatibility of data from different sources at national, regional and international levels • Stock data – no flow data: only limited reflection of true level of migration • Data on specific migrant groups from receiving countries– often not compatible • Trafficking and irregular migration – very limited knowledge. 4 Background • World total migrants in 1980: 100 million – 47.7 million were in developed countries, compared with 52.1 million in developing countries. 2002 – 40.8 million migrants live in North American countries (13% of the pop) • 2006: out of a global total of some 190 million migrants – 61 million had moved South - South, 53 million North -North, 14 million North -South and 62 million South...
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...subtracting ICP from the mean arterial pressure (MAP). The normal range for adults is approximately 60-100 mmHg or a mean of 80 mmHg. The optimal CPP for a given patient depends on the clinical condition. Clinical conditions that frequently result in an increased ICP are traumatic brain injury, subarachnoid hemorrhage, intraparenchymal hemorrhage, brain tumor, meningitis and hydrocephalus. Increasing ICP causes decrease CPP, impaired autoregulation, hypotension, hypoxemia, cerebral ischemia, hypercarbia, hyperthermia and hypo/hyperglycemia. The goal of care is to prevent the secondary brain injury that results from increased ICP. An EVD (external ventricular drain) may be indicated in these cases. It is considered the most accurate ICP monitor while allowing for drainage of CSF. The procedure to place drain may be performed at the bedside under sterile conditions or in the OR. Nursing Considerations * Obtain pre procedure assessment to provide baseline data including vital signs, LOC, sensation and motor function, cranial nerve function and mental status. * Obtain history of recent asprin and anticoagulation therapy. * Obtain history of prior craniotomies, aneurysm clips, embolic materials, permanent balloon occlusions, detachable clips or ventriculoperitoneal shunt. Evaluate labs for coagulopathy studies and radiology and angiography results. Report findings to MD. * ------------------------------------------------- ...
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...All of us have dreams and goals in life even if others deny it. We finish our education because we want to have a better tomorrow. In pursuing that dream of ours, we need a drive and that’s a stable job that can suffice our needs and even wants in life without neglecting and asking guidance from our dear Lord, Jesus. Because all these things comes from Him and made possible because of Him. As for nurses who really go out of the country to find a good living abroad is in fact a loss from our country because Filipinos are really hard working people and well motivated to achieve their objectives and goals in life. These are the kind of people who are mostly a believer and pursuer of dreams and some of them are highly appreciated and honored abroad by their working ethics and the way they value and do their works. Well it’s not just the nurses but all Filipinos working abroad is such loss from our country. What are the reasons why nurses go abroad? What is in the overseas that we cannot find here in the Philippines? As observed the main reason and truth about it is, to have a better future regarding with financial matter to be capable of having a good life and stability in terms of financial needs which is the key to having a better way of living. Each year the Philippine government produces thousands of nurses and it’s difficult to their part to produce enough nursing jobs to all nurses that’s also one big reason why nurses desires to work abroad. Although, Filipino nurses are...
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...What is Drain Induced Barrier Lowering? Ideally, drain current Ids should be constant i.e. independent of Vds in saturation region. In reality, Ids increases with Vds in saturation region because of the following two regions: 1) Channel length modulation: As Vds increases, length Leff decreases, hence current increases. 2) Drain Induced Barrier Lowering: As Vds increases, Vt decreases, hence current increases. Drain Induced Barrier Lowering (DIBL) is a decrease in threshold voltage of the transistor at higher drain voltages. This decrease is the result of charge neutrality. The three electrode charges of the device viz. the gate, the source and the drain balance the combined charge in the depletion. As the drain voltage is increased, the depletion region of the p-n junction between the drain and body increases in size and extends under the gate, so the drain assumes the greater portion of the burden of balancing depletion region charge, leaving a smaller burden for the gate. As a result, charge present on the gate retains charge balance by attracting more carriers into the channel, which leads to lowering the threshold voltage of the device. The channel becomes more attractive for electrons or in other words the potential energy barrier for electrons in the channel is lowered. Hence the term “barrier lowering” is used. DIBL increases as the channel length is reduced because the source and drain form pn junctions with the body, and so has associated built-in depletion...
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