...Chapter 2 Review of Related Literature What is an “e-book”?The question may seem facile, but the confusion caused by the lack of an acceptable definition of what an e-book is has become abundantly clear during the course of the research undertaken for this report, and this confusion in itself also constitutes a barrier to uptake. Conventionally speaking, there are two major types of e-book: the electronic version of a whole text (for example, of a book that already exists in print); or a database of linked materials, some but not all of which may exist in a print version (for example, scientific encyclopedias which include interactive tables). Although most librarians include database versions when they are discussing e-books, many individuals (lecturers, academics, students, even some publishers) assume that the term refers to electronic versions of discrete books only. The working definition used by JISC is “an online version of printed books, accessed via the Internet”; although this may provide an adequate working tool for the JISC E-Books Working Group, it has variously been described as “too broad”, “too imprecise” and “misleadingly suggesting whole texts only” by contributors to this report. Patently, it does not apply to e-book originals. Other definitions of e-books deliberately exclude the database versions: Non-conventional thinkers would broaden the term to include almost any electronic resource: they would argue that a website, a CDROM, even an e-mail might in...
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...Association for Information Systems AIS Electronic Library (AISeL) ECIS 2005 Proceedings European Conference on Information Systems (ECIS) 1-1-2005 Analysis of eBusiness Models for Digital Media Content Michael Amberg University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, amberg@wiso.uni-erlangen.de Manuela Schroeder University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, manuela.schroeder@wiso.uni-erlangen.de Recommended Citation Amberg, Michael and Schroeder, Manuela, "Analysis of eBusiness Models for Digital Media Content" (2005). ECIS 2005 Proceedings. Paper 138. http://aisel.aisnet.org/ecis2005/138 This material is brought to you by the European Conference on Information Systems (ECIS) at AIS Electronic Library (AISeL). It has been accepted for inclusion in ECIS 2005 Proceedings by an authorized administrator of AIS Electronic Library (AISeL). For more information, please contact elibrary@aisnet.org. ANALYSIS OF E-BUSINESS MODELS FOR DIGITAL MEDIA CONTENT Amberg, Michael, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Lange Gasse 20, 90403 Nuremberg, Germany, amberg@wiso.uni-erlangen.de Schroeder, Manuela, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Lange Gasse 20, 90403 Nuremberg, Germany, manuela.schroeder@wiso.uni-erlangen.de Abstract The digitalization of media content and the development of new communication and distribution channels change the media sector and the business environment worldwide. Over the last ten years, technical advances have enabled the consumers to digitize, store...
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...◆ 3D Rendering in the Cloud ˇ c Martin D. Carroll, Ilija Hadzi´ , and William A. Katsak Many modern applications and window systems perform three-dimensional (3D) rendering. For a cloud system to support such applications, that 3D rendering must be performed in the cloud, because the end-user equipment cannot be relied upon to contain the necessary rendering hardware. All systems that perform 3D rendering in the cloud are faced with two fundamental and related problems: 1) How to enable an arbitrary number of users to produce rendered pixel streams, and 2) how to transfer those pixel streams out of the server’s frame buffers and into one or more encoders, for transmission to the user. We have implemented a new form of display virtualization that solves both of these problems in a low-level and transparent manner. Using our display virtualization (which we call the virtual cathode ray tube controller (VCRTC)), the cloud system can support an arbitrary number of pixel streams (bounded only by memory and bandwidth resources), and it can dynamically associate those streams with encoders. VCRTCs are completely transparent to the applications: No application needs to be modified, recompiled, or even relinked to use VCRTCs. Because they are low-level and transparent, VCRTCs are also a general mechanism with utility beyond cloud systems. © 2012 Alcatel-Lucent. Introduction Three-dimensional rendering is the process of transforming a model of a three-dimensional (3D) scene...
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...is a research paper worth 75 points toward your course grade. This paper has two deliverables and two due dates. The first deliverable, due on Feb. 9th, is a thesis statement, outline and annotated bibliography is worth 25 points. All of these concepts are described in detail below. The second deliverable, due on March 18th, is your final paper and worth 50 points. The topic of your paper is any social issues in IT topic of your choice with these constraints: 1. You must have a thesis (an argument or position on an important topic of the day that is open to debate or dispute). This can take several forms depending upon your topic: It might be that you take a position on a topic that is hotly debated (e.g. are first person shooter computer games good or bad for pre- teens to be playing?) Or it might mean that you look at a technology development and posit a position using one of Postman’s five dimensions (e.g. Who are the winners and losers when we equip knowledge workers with company provided mobile devices? Or: what are the unanticipated systemic impacts of equipping knowledge workers with company provided mobile devices? Or: What are the underlying big ideas behind a society of workers enabled to carry mobile devices so that they have access to the Internet from everywhere most all the time? Note that you wouldn’t try to address all three of these questions in one paper; probably just one of them — though I note I might have to touch on the second question in this example...
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...Financial Report Essay: For admirers of fine crystal, there is something magical about the name Swarovski. For admires of speed and glamour there is something magical about the name Ferrari or Lamborghini. And, without a shadow of doubt, for the lovers of high technology, innovation and music there is something magical about the name Apple. While ages ago our ancestors were bothered by the question of who came first a chicken or an egg, today the question is different. As the fame and success of Apple company and its products is increasing, the question one may rise is for example: what came first … the iPod or iTunes? In my paper I would like to present the financial report of the iTunes. To begin with I would like to give some background history of the product because even though the product itself is familiar to everyone, some may still wonder of its origin and principle function. As a matter of fact iTunes came first, even though it seems that we started hearing about the iPods much earlier. Before the iPod was released, Mac users had had the ‘iLife’ on their computers. The Ilife also included iTunes version 1.0 – however it looked rather different from the “modern” iPods or itunes. The main difference was that the iLife has a three-note icon and not the double green one which people are familiar with today. So, as we can see, the iTunes was around, for for the Mac only, of course, from January 2001. In April of 2003, a new version of iTunes (4.0) was released. That same...
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...For admirers of fine crystal, there is something magical about the name Swarovski. For admires of speed and glamour there is something magical about the name Ferrari or Lamborghini. And, without a shadow of doubt, for the lovers of high technology, innovation and music there is something magical about the name Apple. While ages ago our ancestors were bothered by the question of who came first a chicken or an egg, today the question is different. As the fame and success of Apple company and its products is increasing, the question one may rise is for example: what came first … the iPod or iTunes? In my paper I would like to present the financial report of the iTunes. To begin with I would like to give some background history of the product because even though the product itself is familiar to everyone, some may still wonder of its origin and principle function. As a matter of fact iTunes came first, even though it seems that we started hearing about the iPods much earlier. Before the iPod was released, Mac users had had the ‘iLife’ on their computers. The Ilife also included iTunes version 1.0 – however it looked rather different from the “modern” iPods or itunes. The main difference was that the iLife has a three-note icon and not the double green one which people are familiar with today. So, as we can see, the iTunes was around, for for the Mac only, of course, from January 2001. In April of 2003, a new version of iTunes (4.0) was released. That same year the iTunes Store –...
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...Select Partners of Maxis 4 2.2.2. Allies of maxis 4 2.3. Select Partners 5 2.3.1. System Integrators 5 2.3.2. Application Solution Providers 5 2.3.3. Content Providers 5 Allies of Maxis 5 Consulting Partners 5 Technological Partners 5 Hardware Partners 6 2.4. Maxis’ Authorized Distributors 6 2.5. Strategic Partners of Maxis 7 2.6. Alliances of Maxis: 8 2.7. Internationalization Model in Maxis 9 3. Task 2: 11 3.1. MISSION 11 3.2. VISION 11 3.3. VALUES 11 3.3.1. SIMPLE 11 3.3.2. TRUST 12 3.3.3. CREATIVE 12 3.3.4. BRAVE 12 3.4. Maxis Demand Scale 12 Market share 14 3.5. Maxis strategy for Product Differentiation 16 4. Task 3 18 4.1. Maxis Failed Strategic alliance with DRM 18 5. Conclusion 20 Bibliography 21 Table of Figures Figure 1 Maxis partners 7 Figure 2 Maxis Alliances 8 Figure 3 Entry Modes of Classifications 9 Figure 4 Price Elasticity Charts 13 Figure 5 Market Share of Maxis,...
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...NATIONAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT SYSTEM 1. Introduction. Pakistan is located in a region which is prone to number of natural disasters. Due to its diverse range of terrain and existence of fault lines, the country is susceptible to wide ranging hazards from earthquake to droughts and floods to cyclones. Pakistan has suffered floods almost every year as monsoon rains cause rivers to outflow from their banks. The country also experiences earthquake regularly ranging from moderate to severe in intensity. We have been suffering from drought like situation of varying degrees from many years and the coastal areas are prone to cyclones. There is no comprehensive, integrated disaster management policy at national level for dealing with major disasters like earthquake of 2005 and floods of 2010 and 2011 partially due to limited resources, economic instability and partially due to absence of well trained and equipped disaster management infrastructure. We also lack proper system for disaster prevention and preparedness that could ensure effective mitigation to reduce the loss of life and property damage in the face of a natural disaster. 2. Disaster management is unfortunately seen as provision of relief rather than the management of all of its phases and long term management of risk. We therefore need a comprehensive preparedness, prevention and mitigation strategy with a view to better manage and coordinate activities of various line ministries, departments and civil society. Pakistan...
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...Rethinking the Networked Economy: The True Forces Driving the Digital Marketplace. By Stan Liebowitz Professor of Economics University of Texas at Dallas 2/3/2002 Chapter 1 Introduction .............................................................................................. 1 A. What you will find in later chapters............................................................ 3 Chapter 2: Basic Economics of the Internet.............................................................. 9 A. How the Internet creates value.................................................................... 9 B. Special Economics of the Internet, or maybe not so special..................... 13 i. Network effects......................................................................................... 13 ii. Economies of Scale................................................................................... 15 iii. Winner take all.......................................................................................... 17 C. How the Internet Alters the likelihood of Winner-take-all....................... 20 Chapter 3: Racing to be first: Faddish and Foolish ................................................. 25 A. From Winner-take-all to First-Mover-Wins ............................................. 26 B. The Concept of Lock-In............................................................................ 32 i. Strong Lock-In ...................................................................
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...Barnes & Noble: Managing the e-Book Revolution The matrix shows high digitization in the products and processes of companies offering eBooks The matrix shows high digitization in the products and processes of companies offering eBooks Digitization of Products and Processes in eBooks market High | | EBooks and reader devices(Kindle, Nook) | Low | | | | Low | High | In a world of tablets and smartphones, people tend to feel confused whether a dedicated e-reader is the right choice. E-Readers give the ability to carry thousands of books on the go saving paper and helping to make this planet greener. The big question is whether a dedicated e-reader is better than multipurpose tablets and smartphones. There are many advantages these e-readers have against tablets: 1. They are easier on the pocket since they turn out be lot cheaper than tablets 2. They are portable and lighter 3. They have more comfortable screens to read from and do not cause LCD burnout unlike iPads and other multipurpose devices Tech savvy readers involved in long reading sessions and who are interested in a wide variety of books can be the target segment for these e-reader devices. While eBooks will help independent publishers to make their content more popular by selling it in eBook format, however the e-book industry also poses a threat of piracy to major US publishers since the e-book content is prone to be hacked and pirated in multiple forms. The publishers still have a...
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...w ww.pwc.com Turning the Page The Future of eBooks Technology, Media & Telecommunications Foreword Today, it seems eBooks and eReaders provide more questions than answers for the book industry: • Will the industry face the same issues that music publishers did during its digital transformation several years ago – primarily digital piracy and a loss of revenue as customers discovered new methods of acquiring content and adopted new listening habits? Publishers, Internet bookstores, and companies that manufacture eReaders have high expectations for the digital future of the book industry. A new generation of eReaders may, at last, achieve the long-awaited breakthrough that lures consumers away from paper and ink. In the United States, Amazon has revolutionized the market by producing an eReader that is easy to use and making it easy for customers to purchase a wide variety of books at competitive prices. While some people herald the advent of digital reader technology as an opportunity to open new target markets and create customers, others mourn the end of traditional books and doubt the industry will be able to retain control over pricing and content. • Who will purchase eReaders? Will they be designed to appeal to a broad group of customers or only to those who have a high degree of comfort with technology? Will people who read once in a while want to buy an eReader, or will they only be purchased by the small group of...
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...To them, it is stealing from the record company and from the artist themselves. Consumers don’t tend to see it that way. The issue that arises here is whether or not should music be accessible for free trade over the internet. On the one hand, it is thought that MP3 downloads reduce sales of legitimate CDs. On the other hand, it can be argued that downloading free MP3s could actually encourage someone to buy a CD which they may not have purchased had they not heard it in its entirety. This is known as the sampling effect. The focus of this research paper will be to paper analyze the impact of music file sharing on the demand, supply, and prosperity of the music industry. The music industry is presently in a state of alarm. Many believe this is attributable to the capability of the Internet to lower costs for authorized as well as unauthorized copies, with the second being significantly more ubiquitous. In this paper, I will discuss the intent of copyright, the role of copying and file-sharing, the difference between explorers and...
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...This week there are four discussion topics. Complete by the due date and you will have a second chance to fix mistakes and resubmit for a second review and increased points. Name: DT1 DESCRIPTIVE STATISTICS Please read and understand before responding Topics: Central Tendency, Variability (Dispersion), Quartiles, normal data and skewed distribution of a single data group. You will want to know what measure to use when data distribution is normal (symmetrical) and when the data distribution is significantly skewed. We will work with six measures, mean, median, mode, standard deviation, interquartile range (IQR), and range. You may use a web search or the textbook. Textbook: McClave Ch. 2 pp. 54-60 (Central Tendency); pp. 64-67 (Variability); pp. 81-83 (Quartiles) Methods for Describing Sets of Data MyStatLab: Week 1 Problems supports this assignment Central Tendency (Data Center) A. Explain the strengths and weaknesses for each measure of central tendency: a) Mean, b) Median, c) Mode Mean Strengths – Shows averages of all number data Weaknesses – Averages can be thrown off with outliers Median Strengths – Shows middle number variable Weaknesses – Isn’t always exact, as there may be outliers < less sensitive to outliers is a strength. Mode Strengths– Shows most achieved results Weakness – Doesn’t paint a good picture. Not all values are used. B. Choose the best measure to use when data is normal? Choose the best measure to use when data...
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...MAINSTREAMING Disaster Risk Reduction IN SCHOOLS’ CURRICULUA (ANALYTICAL INSTRuMENT FOR POLICY ADVOCACY) By, AmjAd NAzeer Indus ConsortIum (IC) (December 2012, IslamabaD, Pakistan) 0 “Things like DRR need to be there in the textbooks. Aspired to interpret, we ourselves will learn further and teach children better. Children will in turn explain things to their younger brothers and sisters, even to their parents and to those who cannot read or write. The new learning has a capacity to inform, who should do what during, before or after a disaster.” Ali Akbar, A primary school teacher in Chack Tumb Bhel, U.C Khoski, Badin. “Disaster Reduction Begins at School” (United Nations International Strategy for Disaster Reduction, 2006-8) 1 CONTENTS 1. Introduction……………………………………………………………………..……3 2. Growing Frequency of Natural Disasters: A Major Concern……..….…………7 3. Relevant UN Conventions and Other International Commitments….…………7 4. Impact of Natural Disasters on Children and Schools.……………………….....9 5. Education and Psychosocial Impact on Children………………………………10 6. Connecting Education, Safe Schooling and DRR……………………………...10 7. Significance of Mainstreaming DRR in Curriculum and Children’s Potential Role....…………………………………...……………………………………….…12 8. Approaches to Integrate DRR with Sindh and Punjab’s Textbooks….…..…..14 8.1. Infusion or Permeation Approach…………….…………………………………16 8.1.1. Holistic Review of Sindhi, Urdu And English Textbooks….……………..…17 8.1.1.1. Sindhi and Asaan...
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...Nokia N8–00 User Guide Issue 1.1 2 Contents Search in your device and on the internet Use your device offline Prolong battery life Personalisation Profiles Change your theme Home screen Organise your applications Telephone Call a phone number Search for a contact Call a contact Make a video call Make a conference call Use speed dial Use your voice to call a contact Make calls over the internet Call the last dialled number Record a phone conversation Turn to silence View your missed calls Call your voice mailbox Divert calls to your voice mailbox or another phone number Prevent making or receiving calls Allow calls only to certain numbers Video sharing Contacts About Contacts Save phone numbers and mail addresses Save a number from a received call or message Contact your most important people quickly Set a ringing tone for a specific contact 31 31 31 33 33 34 34 37 37 37 37 38 38 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 43 44 44 44 45 46 47 47 47 48 48 49 Contents Safety 5 Get started 7 Keys and parts 7 Change the volume of a call, song, or video 9 Lock or unlock the keys and screen 9 Insert or remove the SIM card 10 Insert or remove the memory card 12 Charging 13 Antenna locations 15 Attach the wrist strap 16 Headset 16 Switch the device on or off 16 Nokia account and Nokia's Ovi services 17 Copy contacts or pictures from your old device 17 Device set-up 18 Use the in-device user guide 19 Install Nokia Ovi Suite on your PC Explore Nokia's Ovi internet services Ovi by Nokia About...
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