...FACTORS INFLUENCING E-PROCUREMENT PRACTICES IN PARASTATALS IN KENYA. (A Case Study of the New Kenya Cooperative Creameries.) BY KINYUA ANTONY NJERU BBM/5285/12 A RESEARCH PROPOSAL SUBMITTED TO KARATINA UNIVERSITY, SCHOOL OF BUSINESS IN PARTIAL FULFILMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE AWARD OF A BACHELORS DEGREE IN BUSINESS MANAGEMENT. JULY, 2015 DECLARATION I hereby declare that this research proposal is my original work and has not been presented for a degree in any other university. Sign……………………………… Date……………………………….. Antony Njeru Kinyua BBM/5285/12 This proposal has been submitted to the School of Business for examination with my approval as University supervisor. …………………………………….. Date…………………………………….. Ms Ester Maina. DEDICATION I dedicate this work to my parents, brothers and sister. I also dedicate this work to my fiancée and to all my business partners. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT I hereby take this opportunity to acknowledge with gratitude Karatina University for providing me with the opportunity to pursue my bachelor’s degree in Business Management. My special thanks go to my supervisor Ms. Ester Maina for the invaluable support and insightful guidance in the production of quality work. I acknowledge my colleagues for their encouragement during the time of study. I am highly indebted to my family for their facilitation and encouragement, in ensuring that I carried up with the course and project preparation successfully. Most...
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...sciencedirect.com Government Information Quarterly 25 (2008) 155 – 180 E-government policy and practice: A theoretical and empirical exploration of public e-procurement Catherine A. Hardy ⁎, Susan P. Williams Information Policy and Practice Research Group, Discipline of Business Information Systems, Faculty of Economics and Business, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia Available online 19 April 2007 Abstract The purpose of this paper is to theoretically and empirically explore how public e-procurement policies are translated into practice. The theoretical argument draws on actor network theory (ANT), coupled with Colebatch’s [Colebatch, H. K. (2002). Policy (2nd ed.). Maidenhead, Open University Press.] social construct of policy, to analyze the actors, actions, and circumstances through which understanding of public e-procurement comes to stabilize (or not) into a coherent policy for action. Drawing on three case studies of central government agencies in Italy, Scotland, and Western Australia, we suggest new intellectual perspectives and methodological heuristics that may assist researchers and practitioners analytical efforts in examining sociotechnical change and the implications for policy development and implementation. © 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Keywords: E-government; E-procurement; Actor network theory; Social construction of policy 1. Introduction Public e-procurement, as an information system (IS) enabled innovation in government, is transforming...
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...* Table of Contents 1 Introduction 1 2 Elements of E-Procurement 1 2.1 Systems 1 2.1.1 ERP 1 2.1.1.1 The implementation process and life cycle 2 2.1.1.2 Key success factors (KSFs) 3 2.1.1.3 Project preparation 3 2.1.1.4 Technology selection 4 2.1.1.5 Implementation/ development: 5 2.1.2 EDI 5 2.2 Necessary Support Technologies 7 2.2.1 E-Catalogues 7 2.2.2 E-Auctions 8 2.2.3 Market Places 11 3 Strength and Weaknesses of Implementing E-Procurement 13 3.1 Strengths 13 3.2 Weaknesses 14 4 Critical Success Factors for the Implementation of E-Procurement 15 4.1 Supplier and contract management 16 4.2 End-user behavior and e-procurement business processes 16 4.3 Information and e-procurement infrastructure 17 5 Case Study 18 6 Future Outlook/ Conclusion 19 List of References II Introduction During the last decade and especially in the last couple of years, the internet has finally found its position in business operations. While the use of internet has been rather the exception than the norm, it is now becoming more and more common to streamline processes and eliminate wasteful processes through the use of the internet. This can especially be seen in the purchasing operations of many firms nowadays, as many companies see the importance of efficient procurement and change from slow and often expensive, paper-based orders to e-procurement. It seems as though this style of procurement can be of great advantage to every firm, but there are also drawbacks. The...
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...executive management over the years. This scenario is attributed to the exploitation of emerging Information & Communication technologies to realize the potential of revolutionizing, streamlining and improving supply chain operations (Patterson, Grimm & Corsi, 2003; Cagliano, Caniato & Spina, 2003). Particularly, electronic procurement or e-procurement has been established as a significant aspect of electronic business operational excellence (Barua, Konona, Whinston & Yin, 2001). Prior to commencing, one should first define the term e-procurement used in this context. According to Davila, Gupta & Palmer 2003, any ICT contrived to expedite the acquisition of goods and services over the net by either a public or private organization can be defined as e-procurement. These include software, B2B market exchanges, B2B auctions and purchasing consortia purported to atomize workflow, influence organisational spend, as well as seek out contemporary sourcing opportunities virtually (Davila et. al, 2003). E-procurement is evident as several norms. Some of the general types include, but are not limited to; - Electronic systems supporting conventional procurement such as - Web- enabled Electronic Data Exchange (EDI-IT) - EDI functions as an application that enables the transmission of messages between computer programs of 2 differing entities. The migration to open networks allows messages to be communicated in batches and eliminates for data duplication. A concern with EDI would be...
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...Healthcare Supply Chain Management Supply Chain Management plays a vital role in our hospitals today. With the growing cost of healthcare and new technologies, it is vital for hospitals to run as efficiently as possible and without jeopardizing care. To the materials manager and to the financial minds of a hospital the area of supply chain is a tedius task at best, the kind of planning, strategizing and measuring that seldom goes recognized and rewarded. The work involved with inventory control fits tightly within that description. In many hospitals today, it is easy for inventory control to go astray and become uncontrolable. This is the case with I Care Healthcare System. Too many people with too much access to too much product procurement are controlling supplies and equipment coming into the facility without any regulation or little oversight. While the blame for over-ordering is frequently pointed at nursing staff, famous for squirreling away unseen, already paid-for stocks of goods, they are not the only offenders. More accurately, when it comes to inventory, it's the system that fails a hospital, not its people, over what is essentially an asset management issue. Currently I Care Healthcare System uses a mainframe that was develped internally with an outdated materials management system that allows you to generate purchase orders, but is lacking in running reports that track the usage. This is not uncommon in the hospital materials management environment. The process...
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...The Benefits of Electronic Reverse Auctions (e-RAs) in the Procurement Process The nature of business competition is changing drastically. One of the most profound changes currently transpiring in the world of business is the introduction of electronic commerce. The impact of electronic commerce (ecommerce, or EC) on procurement, shopping, business collaboration, and customer services as well as on delivery of various services is so dramatic that almost every organization is affected. In this paper, I will show how electronic reverse auctions (e-RAs) is very significant in the federal procurement process by saving money, time and maximizes supplier competition. Reverse auctions gained popularity with the emergence of Internet-based online auction tools. Today, reverse auctions are used by federal, state and private agencies to purchase raw materials, supplies and services. The Reverse Auction Process In the traditional auctions, also referred to as forward auctions, a seller offers a product that is demanded by several buyers who compete and bid up the price. The highest bidder wins and buys the product. In a reverse auction, it is the buyer who is in control of the process. The buyer is interested in an item offered by a number of sellers who compete and lower their price in order to get the deal. Unlike traditional auctions that occur at physical locations, reverse auctions are accessed online, through web browsers, via private software companies known as “market...
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...Competitive Advantage of McDonald’s Since its inception, McDonalds has been able to build up a set of competitive advantage which is very difficult to cultivate for any other competitor. McDonalds have sustained these competitive advantages throughout the globe and have helped McDonalds to survive in local markets. Following summarized are the competitive advantages McDonalds enjoys: Valuable and Rare: McDonalds have resources and capabilities which add value for customers and also are rarely seen in other major competitors. Following are the instances that support McDonald’s focus and capability to add value for customers: * Customization of menu according to local tastes: While entering a new market, McDonalds assesses the local taste and preferences of the consumers and then customizes its menu. For e.g.: Introduction of vegetarian offerings In India to cater to dietary preferences for non-meat dishes and exclusion of beef in their menu because of religious prohibition of its consumption in India. Another example is introduction of McRice in Indonesia to align with consumer familiarity. * Consistency across servings: McDonalds carefully buys supplies to ensure that taste at each offering remains consistent, so that consumers know exactly what they are getting and do not face any disappointment. For e.g.: McDonald's gets high ratings on its French fries partly because it has very strict specifications on the potatoes it purchases from its supplier. * Introduction...
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...[pic] A B E R D E E N B U S I N E S S S C H O O L Course Work Submission Form |Name: |Vigneshwaran Palanisamy | |Email: |1118562@rgu.ac.uk | |Course: |Msc Purchasing & Supply Chain Management | |Module: |BSM577 - Research Methods | |Assignment and Title: |Implementing E-procurement in Indian organisation : surveys of SMEs | |Date: |7/1/13 | |For the attention of: |Dr Elizabeth Tait | WORD COUNT: ABSTRACT: This report was undertaken for the commitment of future research in dissertation. E-commerce is gaining a lot more attention in current global market. E-commerce models such as B2B, B2C, B2E and B2G has been successful due to many implementation and adoption of standardized process tools like EDI, shipping, tracking, payment and delivery among the suppliers around the globe through a strong supply network. The most vital element of B2B...
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...Write the benefits of e-procurement that Indian organizations can derive E-procurement (electronic procurement, sometimes also known as supplier exchange) is the business-to-business or business-to-consumer orbusiness-to-government purchase and sale of supplies, work, and services through the Internet as well as other information and networking systems, such as electronic data interchange and enterprise resource planning. E-procurement is done with a software application that includes features for supplier management and complex auctions. The new generation of e-Procurement is now on-demand or a software-as-a-service. Necessity of E-Procurement in India Various studies have estimated that globally government procurement accounts for around 5-15% of the national GDP. The estimates for government procurement for India vary from 3.4% to 5.7% of the GDP. Therefore efficient practices in procurement of goods and services by government agencies is important from the perspective of lowering cost of procurement of goods and services, optimal delivery of public services, efficient allocation and use of public funds, fair opportunities for suppliers to compete for government contracts, encouraging good governance practices in procuring entities, reducing corruption, providing legal certainty to procurement procedures, ensuring transparency and thereby also attracting foreign investment and partnerships. Ministry of Commerce & Industry (Department of Commerce) has been nominated as...
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...BAL’s reach extends to customers in more than 90 countries around the world, and they are a leading U.S. exporter in terms of sales. With corporate offices in Chicago, Boeing employs more than 159,300 people in 49 American states and 70 countries. Their enterprise also leverages on talents of hundreds of thousands more people working for Boeing suppliers worldwide. BAL however faced difficulties as it sought to upgrade its procurement systems and processes to improve operations. Russell, the new National Procurement Manager on realizing the new opportunities available through e-business technology, Russell needed to decide what BAL’s next step should be, should BAL invest in new system that would simplify procurement processes; should BAL sit on the fence? I am Russell Menere, the National Procurement Manager for Boeing Australia Limited (BAL)., my decision is to recommend that BAL pursue a cost effective e-procurement system that will interface with the legacy information technology systems that are already in place. This tool should simplify the procurement processes across the different divisions of BAL and support the complex interfaces BAL’s suppliers and customers require. Based on a 6 month to a year...
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...Proposal E-Business in Supply Chain Management Submitted by: Atif Rasheed Instructor Name: Qazi subhan Bahria University Islamabad Campus Department of management Science (Graduate Studies) Title: E-Business in Supply Chain Management Short Statement of Problem: The web is having a significant impact on how firms interact with each other and their customers. Past stumbling blocks for supply chain integration such as high transaction costs between partners, poor information availability, and the challenges of managing complex interfaces between functional organizations are all dissolving on the web. how the web is changing supply chain management It specifically explores the role of e-procurement as an example of how e-business concepts have been applied to one key SCM activity, namely purchasing and procurement. Significance: Nothing has rocked the young field of supply chain management like the emergence of the Internet. While the management of information flows have always been a key aspect of supply chain management, the rapid growth of web-based information transfer between companies, their suppliers, and their customers has decidedly increased the importance of information management in creating effective supply chains. In the past ten years, e-business, as an overarching business concept, has received increasing attention from academics and practitioners alike. The term ‘e-business’ was introduced by IBM in 1997....
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...correct understanding of the concepts covered in the chapter, students did a very good job. B2B e-commerce, in fact, promises many strategic benefits for participating firms, both the buyers and the sellers: 1. Cost saving for running administration, for searching products and services for buyers, for inventory management due to increased competition among the suppliers (which increases price transparency) and reducing inventory to a bare minimum, and for transaction due to the elimination of paperwork and the partial automation of the procurement process. 2. Increased production flexibility by ensuring delivery of parts “just-in-time”. 3. Improved quality of products due to increased cooperation among buyers and sellers, reducing quality issues. 4. Decreased product cycle time due to the sharing of designs and production schedules with suppliers. 5. Increased opportunities for collaborating with suppliers and distributors. 6. Increased price transparency. The three dimensions that characterize an e-procurement market based on its business functionality are that (1) they are horizontal marketplaces (2) in which long-term contractual purchasing agreements are used (3) to buy indirect goods. Other market characteristics of e-procurement Net marketplaces are that they are independently owned, that they are many-to-many markets, and that they use fixed price catalogs. E-procurement companies serve as intermediaries connecting hundreds of online suppliers offering millions of...
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...Electronic procurement (e-procurement) is the process of electronically purchasing the goods and services needed for an organization’s operation. It entails implementing electronic means to process publish exchange and store information concerning procurement without a paper medium. Hence it consists of publishing calls for tenders on the internet, sending out documents and specifications consultation files for companies, binding tender forms, etc 38 2.4.2 Factors/ drivers for adoption e-procurement In general a number of factors might hinder or influence the adoption of e- procurement in an organization including; inadequate technological infrastructure, lack of skilled personnel, inadequate technological infrastructure of partners, lack of integration with business, implementation costs, company culture, inadequate business processes to support e-procurement, regulatory and legal controls, security, co-operation of business partners capacity, inadequate e-procurement solutions, upper management support (Chipiro, 2009). Shakir et all, (2007) identified several driver/barriers for adoption of e-procurement; Economic: Little benefit to vendors, vendors’ concerns about costs, vendors’ fear of competitive bidding because of its adverse effect on price, insufficient internal resources to support e-procurement Operational: vendors’ concerns about required changes in work processes, lack of skilled personnel, particularly when the vendor is required to populate, update,...
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...This includes all assignments, exams, term papers, and other projects required by your instructor. Knowingly submitting another person’s work as your own, without properly citing the source of the work, is considered plagiarism. This will result in an unsatisfactory grade for the work submitted or for the entire course. It may also result in academic dismissal from the University. | | PM-7000 | Dr. Christopher Barrett | | | Procurement Project Management | Assignment 7 | | | Comments: ------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------- Faculty Use Only ------------------------------------------------- <Faculty comments here> ------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------- <Faculty Name> <Grade Earned> <Date Graded> Activity Seven: Close-Out Plan Max Boller Procurement Project Management Northcentral University Procurement project...
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...OPTIONS……………………………………..…2 RECOMMENDATION …………….………………………………………3 MONITOR AND CONTROL…………………..……………………….....4 Executive Summary BAL is considering options for e-procurement and trying to decide if they need to find a new system that they can integrate with their current legacy ERP and other software. The following report will present an approach to continue with incremental changes to their current strategy. The organization has achieved much in a short period of time and I expect they can improve upon the foundation of what they have by further development of their current software and processes. Issue Identification Boeing Australia Ltd. (BAL) Need to decide if they will move forward with finding, purchasing and implanting an e-procurement system that will integrate with their current legacy systems. The current systems manage their procumbent, inventory, work in process, time capture, and finical. BAL has goals that will improve the supply chain extensively. They are looking to: reduce the amount of suppliers they have, improved relationships with their suppliers, reduce costs, reduction in rogue purchasing, and standardize best practices for procurement. BAL has already taken many steps to meet their goals and is achieving headway. By moving procurement, administration finance, engineering, logistics projects, and IT for 4 of the companies key divisions to one building they have improved internal communication. Because of this move they...
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