...from this module/week to support what you say) how trauma can affect development, most specifically neural development. Discuss how spiritual development can counter the effects of trauma. What are the determining factors that lead to developmental delays when a child is exposed to trauma? Give details on the prevalence of different types of trauma and if they differ among different cultures. Make sure to support everything you report with at least 2–3 current APA citations and then a reference page at the end. Review the Essay Grading Rubric before submitting. Your paper must be at least 600 words. Abstract Trauma is an experience that all people are potential vulnerable towards. Trauma comes in many forms ranging from non-typical situations of abuse and neglect to intense reaction to life events such as the death of a loved one or a natural disaster. Trauma may be experienced personally or may result from witnessing a particular event. The effects of trauma are long lasting, though not necessarily irreversible. Trauma may result in a variety of mental health or addiction diagnosis and often has significant impacts on neurological development. While trauma has many negative effects, there are many approaches to trauma that may minimize these effects. One such approach described in the paper is a spiritual approach. Spiritual development and application may provide understanding and hope after a person has experienced trauma and is often a successful means of recovering from...
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...The average person walks past a murderer 36 times in their life; you never know, there might be one living right next door to you. Some murderers can be made from their upbringing and early life experiences, but it all comes down to the genetic disposition or brain abnormality. Despite the fact that childhood experiences can be very influential to a serial killer, signs of psychotic behaviour have occurred in serial killers from very young ages as forensic psychologists have investigated. This proves that people are born as killers due to human evolution and their genetics....
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...Child Abuse a Lifetime Sentence Jolene Dancliff COM/156 05-6-2010 Dan Price Child Abuse a Lifetime Sentence Once into adulthood, victims of child abuse search for some form of coping mechanisms to forget or mask the trauma and the pain of child abuse. According to Shub & Cabrera (2011) “Every week 60,000 cases of child abuse or neglect are reported in the United States, and 3 million reports of child abuse or neglect are being filed every year” (p.1). Approximately 50% of child victims abuse drugs or alcohol. (Shub & Cabrer, 2011). The abuse often stems from a response to guilt or a negative self-image. Although as serious as child neglect is, physical abuse more often will result in the abuse of drugs or alcohol. Poverty, social inadequacies and lack of academic achievement all lead to the probability of an adult survivor turning to drugs and alcohol as a way to relieve their internal turmoil. Adult survivors that suffered poverty in their childhood struggle financially due to inadequate resources to obtain quality education. They also have a lack of adequate housing or access to nutritional food. These all increase the odds of the survivor turning to substance abuse. People who are abused often are unable to fit comfortably into any social setting. Because of their insecurities and their uneasiness, it is easier for them to cope when they become intoxicated or high. It bolsters confidence and gives them a false sense of confidence. However, for some...
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...“Evaluate the extent to which Freud’s theory of Psychosexual Development can help us to understand a client’s presenting issue?” In this essay I am asked to evaluate one aspect of Freudian theory. I will begin by first describing Freud’s psychosexual theory and demonstrate an understanding of its relationship to adult neurotic behaviour. Having done this I will examine some of the criticisms that have been levelled at Freudian theory in order to evaluate it. In 1905 Freud published ‘Three Essays on the theory of Sexuality and other Works’, one of those essays was titled ‘Infantile Sexuality’. In this essay Freud sets out his theory of psychosexual development. He asserts that there is in all humans an innate drive or instinct for pleasure, a sort of psychic energy, which he calls the libido and this energy needs to be discharged. He then goes on to describe how this drive finds outlet at the earliest stages of life, as babies, toddlers and infants and describes the oral, anal and phallic stages and the psychological effects of fixation at these stages. It is important to note that Freud separated sexual aims and objectives. His work on sexuality and perversions led to the wider theory of sexuality whereby he differentiated the sexual aim (the desire for pleasure) and the object (the person or thing used to fulfil the desire). He asserted that sexuality is more than just genital copulation between adults and this work is the background to his theory on infantile sexuality....
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...Sensitive parenting is the most important factor in a child’s psychological development – discuss This essay will explore the concept of sensitive parenting and will look at how the dynamic interactions between parent and child inform Attachment Theory a model which measures child development. This model, pioneered by Bowlby is posited within the principles of a psychoanalytic and biological perspective (Bee, H.L., 2000). Child attachment can be classified into two main types, secure and insecure, by using a standard laboratory assessment known as the “Strange Situation” developed by Ainsworth, insecure attachment was divided further into sub groups, ambivalent and avoidant (Ding, S. & Littleton, K. 2005). Whilst discussing attachment theory which utilises the concept of an internal working model other approaches in terms of understanding how parenting affects child development will be explored. Theoretical positions such as social learning theory which lies heavily on behaviourist principles will be looked at, parenting styles where patterns of parenting will be discussed and inter-generational transmission which serves to perpetuate society’s inequalities and disadvantages with negative connotations for a child’s psychological development (Ding, S. & Littleton, K. 2005). “Disturbed” and “Disturbing Behaviour” will also be explored. The medical model and social model perspectives challenge the understanding in terms of attributing cause of problem behaviour to either...
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...College Essay A I was raised on a ranch in Easterly, Texas that was twenty minutes away from what we considered town. The nearest nearest country store was accessed via a farm to market country road. My mother joined the US Army when I was four years old. The first eight years of my life I was raised with my grandparents and my seven aunts and uncles, surrounded by family and the quiet open country. I went to a small 2A school with tons of Lion pride. We learned how to fish and hunt and enjoy tractor rides at a very early age. Everyone knew their neighbors and we all went to the Friday night football games. My mother deployed to Iraq when I was five years old and continued on missions for the next four years. She was away...
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...HN370: 01 Child Welfare & Family Unit 5 Essay Assignment The role of children has evolved over the course of decades and differs greatly from one culture to the next. Some cultures place the child on a pedestal and raise them together as a community while others see them as members that owe their live and service to the overall function of the family as a whole. Most cultures historically viewed children as property of their parents or adults in the home and depended heavily on their instruction and their care to survive. “The concept of childhood is recent. Historically, parents were free to kill children, sell them into slavery, maim them, or abandon them. Children might even be used in sacrifices as in the biblical account of Abraham’s intent to sacrifice his son Isaac.” (Crosson-Tower, 2013) Other biblical references include a scripture from Proverbs paraphrased commonly as “spare the rod and spoil the child” which is often used to support one’s opinion on the corporal punishment of children. The way parents choose to discipline their children can be shaped and developed at an early age in their own youth or by their ability or inability to cope in their roles as an adult and as a parent. The outcome and treatment of children also fares on the outcome and state of their parents lives. Neglect and abuse can be side effects of trouble and problems in and outside the home. Symbolic Interactionism is a social theory that uses symbols to explain the way people view the...
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...Vita Kellett Kate Hamm English 050 November 4, 2012 Audience My audiences are the people who think about adopting internationally and people who just might be interested in finding out more about adoption outside of the United States. I will try to use many examples of international adoption and how that affects the child. Anyone could read this paper but I believe that this information would be more interesting for those who want to find some answers about international adoption. Purpose The purpose of my paper is to inform and to those who want to adopt internationally about straggles they might have and what’s the better way to deal with them and how to find answers. Also I will try to persuade my audience to adopt more and to change lives of those who aren’t so luck and happened to not have any family. Thesis statement If the U. S. department of state international adoption services would provide classes on what to expect when you adopt independently overseas then the families that are adopting would be more prepared. Content: Background of the Problem When you adopt overseas you are indeed changing not only your life but the life of the adopted children. You are showing them what it is like to have a lovely home and a family that takes care about you. But why do some of these children still have a hard time adapting to it? It is obvious that they will have to learn new ways in the new country but there is more to that. Some of the adopted children...
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...Patterns and characteristics of the abuser and the abused BSHS/408 February 29 2016 Chiffone N Shelton Patterns and characteristics of the abuser and the abused In this essay, I will explain how as a human service professional; I will understand the patterns and characteristics of the abuser and the abused to complete a comprehensive screening. I will explain what the patterns and characteristics I would look for during the screening of family members of a potential abused or neglected child. I will address how the characteristics of the abuser differ from the abused, and what the patterns and characteristics I would look for while screening a potentially abused or neglected child. I will explain how these patterns and characteristics help me determine the proper assessment methods and which methods would I use in this screening scenario. Patterns and characteristics of an abuser vary because abuse comes in many forms such as neglect, physical abuse, and sexual abuse. "A perpetrator is a person who has been determined to have caused or knowingly allowed the maltreatment of a child. Most States define perpetrators of child abuse and neglect as parents and other caregivers (such as relatives, babysitters, and foster parents) who have harmed a child in their care. It is important to note that States define the term "caregiver" differently. The harm caused to a child by others (such as acquaintances or strangers) may not be considered child abuse but rather may be considered...
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...Oprah: A Modern Day Hero Raul Garcia COM150 Effective Essay Writing Lori Pommerenke University of Phoenix In today’s day and age, the word hero can have many definitions and interpretations. It is common to infer that a hero is a mythological creature or a fictional character with supernatural abilities and powers; but the word hero conceals a deeper meaning for today’s philanthropists and humanitarians. A perfect example of today’s hero would be Oprah Winfrey; a warrior that struggled against a horrific life but still managed to climb the tiers of success until reaching the highest pinnacle possible. “Hero” to many might sound like a word only used in sci-fi movies, but a real-life hero promotes peace, encourages education and success, and gives back to the world. After struggling against adversity in childhood, Oprah Winfrey now demonstrates a philanthropic lifestyle that sparks attention and admiration around the world. Oprah Winfrey was born in Kosciusko, Mississippi on January 29, 1954. She was born into poverty to a mother who worked as a housekeeper and a father who was never at home. Even though she...
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...during the class. Explain the cause of the person’s symptoms and construct a hypnoanalysis treatment plan and required outcome. ” Introduction In this essay I will identify and explain the underlying issues which have caused the weight problem presented by Ms. B, as described in the case study below, and devise an appropriate hypno-analysis treatment plan for her, with an attached screed. I will also include the potential benefits, possible contraindications and any ethical issues that may arise, in order to determine whether this is the best and most realistic course of action for her to achieve her weight loss goal. The case study for Ms.B is as follows: Case study: Ms. B is a 58 year old divorced mother of two who has come for therapy because she has a long held belief that she is the unattractive, overweight one in her family. She is the eldest of three children, with one sister and brother. She has always felt like she never received the same sense of approval and affection from her father as her sister and brother did. This made her feel left out from her father’s affections. She remembers that her father often made comments about her appearance, although Ms.B is aware that her father did this unconsciously. In her house growing up being athletic, attractive and slim had value. She believes her childhood feelings of being undervalued have affected her deeply and these feelings have carried on into her adult life. She knows there is a connection between these emotions...
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...Evaluate the extent to which Freud’s theory of psychosexual development can help us to understand a client’s presenting issues” This essay will look into Freud’s psychosexual theory and will describe how it relates to adult neurotic behaviour. The essay will then look at some of the criticisms he had. Psychoanalysis, begun in the 1900s with Sigmund Freud being hailed the Father. Freud's theories of psychosexual stages, the unconscious, and dream symbolism remain a popular topic among both psychologists and laypersons, despite the fact that his work is viewed with skepticism by many today. 1 Many of Freud's observations and theories were based on clinical cases and case studies, making his findings difficult to generalise to a larger population. Regardless, Freud's theories changed how we think about the human mind and behavior and left a lasting mark on psychology and culture. Another theorist associated with psychoanalysis is Erik Erikson. Erikson expanded upon Freud's theories and stressed the importance of growth throughout the lifespan. Erikson's psychosocial stage theory of personality remains influential today in our understanding of human development . 2 The aims, which are similar to psychodynamics with psychodynamics commencing in the 1940’s. Psychodynamics continues as a discipline in its own right, and could be viewed as the child of psychoanalysis. Psychoanalysis is a lengthy form of therapy whereas psychodynamics is often...
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...This essay will cover the impact Sensitive Mothering (Ainsworth in Smith, Cowie & Blades, 2003) has on child development, and its relevance in building a positive connection between mother and child. I will examine Bowlby’s attachment theory (Bowlby, 1988), Ainsworth’s research, Erikson’s psychological stages of personality development (Erikson in Stevens, 1983) and other relevant research to understand the role of sensitive mothering in developing essential emotional and social skills of three to five year olds and adults. Sensitive mothering (Ainsworth in Smith, Cowie & Blades, 2003) refers to the quality of the interactions between a mother/primary carer and a child. A sensitive mother is very connected and responsive to her baby’s signals, interpreting them correctly (Ainsworth in Smith, Cowie & Blades, 2003). Her show an emotional and physical availability for the child, positive communication, cooperation and stimulation of the child (Macleod-Brudenell & Kay, 2008). Insensitive mothering (Ainsworth in Sylva & Lunt, 1989) on the other hand, is characterized by the mother’s tendency to control the baby’s environment (Ainsworth in Sylva & Lunt, 1989). The insensitive mother is self-centred and sees the ways of the baby from her own perspective (Ainsworth in Sylva & Lunt, 1989). She interprets the child’s signals according to her own wishes, defenses or doesn’t respond to them at all (Ainsworth in Sylva & Lunt, 1989). (Ainsworth in Sylva & Lunt, 1989) found that Children...
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...in the early ages warned that people should be concerned about the means regarding how society chooses to entertain itself. The philosophers were pointing out at the violent cockfights and its violent influence towards the people who were watching. The similar issue is concerning our society in the 21sth century. The only difference is that the cockfights were replaced with media violence. This has been a raising concept since the invention of television and introduction of the video games. This essay will discuss the validity of the claim that media violence causes aggressive behavior on the juvenile audience. The paper will firstly show the correlation studies and experimental studies about media violence and its influence on children. It will then move to other reasons which causes the aggressive behavior. Finally, this essay will also examine the influence of aggressive video games on players. Children found a new environment of amusement after the television came on the scene. They were exposed to large number of new programs. Even if there was a potential peril to juveniles, people were not aware of what sorts of programs or what quantities of it were dangerous. At that time there was not enough proof that violence programs was the cause of aggression (Carter& Strickland, 1993). Thus, the researchers began to conduct various kinds of research and studies to prove the correlation between the media violence and the aggressive behavior among juveniles. The early correlations...
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...Nigeria in 1934, Soyinka grew up in an Anglican mission compound in Aké. A precocious student, he first attended the parsonage's primary school, where his father was headmaster, and then a nearby grammar school in Abeokuta, where an uncle was principal. Though raised in a colonial, English-speaking environment, Soyinka's ethnic heritage was Yoruba, and his parents balanced Christian training with regular visits to the father's ancestral home in `Isarà, a small Yoruba community secure in its traditions. Soyinka recalls his father's world in `Isarà, A Voyage Around "Essay" (1989) and recounts his own early life in Aké: The Years of Childhood (1981), two of his several autobiographical books. Aké ends in 1945 when Soyinka is eleven, with his induction into the protest movement that during the next decade won Nigeria's freedom from British rule. The political turbulence of these years framed Soyinka's adolescence and early adulthood, which he chronicles in his most recent autobiographical work, Ibadan, The Penkelemes Years, A Memoir: 1946-1965 (1994). At twelve Soyinka left Aké for Ibadan to attend that city's elite Government College and at 18 entered its new university. But in 1954, his ambition focused on a career in theater, Soyinka traveled to England to complete a degree in drama at Leeds, under the well-known Shakespearean critic, G. Wilson Knight. After graduation in 1957, Soyinka extended his European apprenticeship by working several years as a script-reader, actor, and director...
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