...Eastern Equine Encephalitis An Overview of the Disease Kelly Cammiso Public Health 101 Professor Brown May 10, 2013 Abstract In recent years, Eastern Equine Encephalitis has made national headlines in the media. Although it is rare, the disease has devastating effects, especially the encephalitic form of the disease. The purpose of this literature is to provide an overview of Eastern Equine Encephalitis Virus. History, geographical data, epidemiology, etiology, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, mortality rates and prevention will be discussed respectively. History and Geographical Data According the Centers for Disease Control, the first human case of Eastern Equine Encephalitis Virus (EEEV) was discovered in 1938 in Massachusetts. Devastatingly, thirty children died from the disease. Another case was reported by Nathanial Reade, author of “The War on Mosquitoes,” about a girl who lived in Dover, Massachusetts in 1982. Lisa Healy was only 14 when she came down with EEE. It started with flu-like symptoms and then on a Saturday afternoon her parents became increasingly alarmed and took her to the hospital. After a seizure that occurred that night, she went into a coma for two and a half months. Finally, she came out of it but was partially paralyzed. Currently, she needs 24 hour care and is developmentally somewhere between a two and five year old (Reade, 2001) The disease is somewhat rare, but has made a comeback throughout the past ten years. Coinciding epidemics...
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...Western Equine Encephalitis / Encephalomyelitis Put Your Name Here Veterinarian Assistant Program, Module 7 Put Your College Here Put Your Teacher Here Table of Contents Title Page…………………….…………………………..……………………………….…1 Table of Contents…………………………….……..…………………………..…………...2 Abstract………………………….………...…………………………………..………….…3 What is a good description of Western Equine Encephalitis?................................................4 What kind of disease is it and how does the disease work?...................................................4 When was Western Equine Encephalitis Discovered / History?............................................4 Which animals/species/age group are at risk for Western Equine Encephalitis?..................5 What diseases can WEE be confused or misdiagnosed for?.................................................5 What are the symptoms of Western Equine Encephalitis?....................................................5 Is Western Equine Encephalitis treatable and what is the treatment?...................................6 Is Western Equine Encephalitis zoonotic?............................................................................6 Why is Western Equine Encephalitis relevant to our local environment?............................6 Is Western Equine Encephalitis preventable and what are the preventions?........................7 Conclusion………………………………………………………………………………....8 References / Bibliography…………………………………………………………………9 Appendix A………………………………………………………………………………...
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...Encephalitis is a rare but potentially life-threatening inflammation of the brain that can occur in people of all ages. This disease as the name suggests is inflammation (swelling) or irritation of the brain. It is often mistaken for meningitis which is an acute or chronic inflammation of the protective membranes covering the brain and spinal cord, known collectively as the meninges. Many people aren’t knowledgeable about this disease or condition, as they should be as this condition is commonly caused by infection rather viral, bacterial, autoimmune, etc. Viral encephalitis may develop during or after infection with any of several viral illnesses including influenza, measles, mumps, herpes simplex, rabies, chickenpox, including West Nile virus....
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...In our world, in every ecosystem there are a millions of different types of viruses that exist. In this paper we are going to talk about one specific emerging arbovirus called Chikunganya virus. About thousands of people have been affected by Chikungunya virus throughout the world. During the years of 2005 and 2006, the virus altered over a millions of people in the Africa, Asia and the Indian subcontinent. Now, Chikungunya virus have spread to Europe, South American and North America. Chikungunya is a viral disease that is spread by mosquitoes. There are two type of mosquitos that spread this disease that we will talk further into in this paper. There is no signs or researches that the virus can be passed on or spread by contact from human to human. The nearness of mosquito breeding sites to human habitations is a major risk factor for Chikungunya. This disease shares a similar type of clinical signs with the dengue virus, therefore in locations where dengue is common, the virus can be misdiagnosed with the dengue virus. Once a person is affected by the virus it can lead to many symptoms but the most common symptoms can include muscle pain, headache, nausea, fatigue and rash. As of today, there is no vaccine to cure Chikungunya virus. Treatment of chikungunya is concentrated in relieving the virus. In this paper, we are going to learn everything about chikungunya virus starting with where it came from, how it expanded, the structure of its genome, and all the way until how...
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...Donna Williams Public Health Practice (Rotation) May/21/2014 Bi-Weekly Report Currently I’m employed with the Division of Disease Control and Health Division Department and have been assigned to explore the Arbovirus Surveillance System. For the past two weeks I’ve been collecting and analyzing data on the Arbovirus Surveillance programs, comparing statistics from Florida (FLEHS) with data available from the CDC/USGS Disease Maps and Statistical data collected worldwide. The Arbovirus surveillance in Florida includes endemic mosquito- borne viruses such as West Nile Virus, Eastern Equine Encephalitis Virus, and St. Louis Encephalitis Virus. In the Past two weeks a spreadsheet with the help of excel was created which included the state name, Disease tested for, and a additional l row was created for the cases in Florida to compare the CDC/ USGS website with the Florida Department of Health surveillance site (FLEHS). Stephanie Moody- Geissler, the Vector-Borne Disease Surveillance Coordinator explained to me what their Vector- borne Disease Program does on a daily basis which is conducting surveillance of endemic mosquito- and tick-borne disease such as West Nile virus illness. The program establishes guidelines for detecting disease and response, to minimize the number of human cases from mosquito- borne diseases, assist county health department with case assessments for local and imported mosquito and tick- borne diseases, and provides vector- borne disease training...
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...Disease in the News West Nile Virus Disease in the News – West Nile Virus The West Nile virus made its deadly debut in New York City September 27, 1999. The virus had never been seen in the Western Hemisphere of the United States. It is said to be usually found in Africa and Europe. When it made its debut, it was first believed to have been the St. Louis encephalitis. Experts at the Federal Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) have confirmed the virus to be West Nile. Nearly twice as many people in the New York region have been stricken by the mosquito borne illness as earlier recognized (Fish, 1999). The outbreak of the West Nile had New Yorkers shocked that a mosquito bite could be so deadly. During the time of the outbreak, there were 37 confirmed cases of the West Nile virus in New Yorkers. Twenty-five of these New Yorkers were from New York City, eight from Westchester County, and four from Nassau County. Although there are confirmed cases, 162 cases were still under investigation and eight deaths had doctors still studying the tissue and blood of the victims (Albany Times Union, 1999). There are 70 types of mosquitoes living in New York, but only 30 of them carry the virus. The West Nile virus outbreak stemmed from prolonged drought, which produced a large supply of the northern house mosquito, Culex pipiens. The Culex pipiens lives near people but generally feeds on birds. This particular mosquito is efficient at transmitting certain viruses...
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...Addison’s Disease Addisonian Anemia Albright’s Syndrome Alport’s Syndrome Alzheimer’s Argyll-Robertson Pupil Arnold-Chiari Malformation Barrett’s Bartter’s Syndrome Becker’s Muscular Dystrophy Bell’s Palsy Berger’s Disease Bernard-Soulier Disease Berry Aneurysm Bowen’s Disease Brill-Zinsser Disease Briquet’s Syndrome Broca’s Aphasia Brown-Sequard Bruton’s Disease Budd-Chiari Buerger’s Disease Burkitt’s Lymphoma Caisson Disease Chagas’ Disease Chediak-Higashi Disease Conn’s Syndrome Cori’s Disease Creutzfeldt-Jakob Crigler-Najjar Syndrome Crohn’s Curling’s Ulcer Cushing’s Cushing’s Ulcer de Quervain’s Thyroiditis Primary adrenocortical deficiency Pernicious anemia (antibodies to intrinsic factor or parietal cells → ↓IF → ↓Vit B12 → megaloblastic anemia) Polyostotic fibrous dysplasia, precocious puberty, café au lait spots, short stature, young girls Hereditary nephritis with nerve deafness Progressive dementia • Loss of light reflex constriction (contralateral or bilateral) • “Prostitute’s Eye” – accommodates but does not react • Pathognomonic for 3°Syphilis • Lesion pretectal region of superior colliculus Cerebellar tonsil herniation through foramen magnum = see thoracolumbar meningomyelocele Columnar metaplasia of lower esophagus (↑ risk of adenocarcinoma)- constant gastroesophageal reflux Hyperreninemia Similar to Duchenne, but less severe (mutation, not a deficiency, in dystrophin protein) CNVII palsy (entire face; recall...
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...Preface A well-developed knowledge of clinical microbiology is critical for the practicing physician in any medical field. Bacteria, viruses, and protozoans have no respect for the distinction between ophthalmology, pediatrics, trauma surgery, or geriatric medicine. As a physician you will be faced daily with the concepts of microbial disease and antimicrobial therapy. Microbiology is one of the few courses where much of the "minutia" is regularly used by the practicing physician. This book attempts to facilitate the learning of microbiology by presenting the information in a clear and entertaining manner brimming with memory aids. Our approach has been to: 4) Create a conceptual, organized approach to the organisms studied so the student relies less on memory and more on logical pathophysiology. The text has been updated to include current information on rapidly developing topics, such as HIV and AIDS (vaccine efforts and all the new anti-HIV medications), Ebola virus, Hantavirus, E. coli outbreaks, Mad Cow Disease, and brand-new antimicrobial antibiotics. The mnemonics and cartoons in this book do not intend disrespect for any particular patient population or racial or ethnic group but are solely presented as memory devices to assist in the learning of a complex and important medical subject. We welcome suggestions for future editions. 1) Write in a conversational style for rapid assimilation. 2) Include numerous figures serving as "visual memory tools" and summary charts...
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...NINTH EDITION Burton’s MICROBIOLOGY FOR THE HEALTH SCIENCES Paul G. Engelkirk, PhD, MT(ASCP), SM(AAM) Biomedical Educational Services (Biomed Ed) Belton, Texas Adjunct Faculty, Biology Department Temple College, Temple, TX Janet Duben-Engelkirk, EdD, MT(ASCP) Biomedical Educational Services (Biomed Ed) Belton, Texas Adjunct Faculty, Biotechnology Department Temple College, Temple, TX Acquisitions Editor: David B. Troy Product Manager: John Larkin Managing Editor: Laura S. Horowitz, Hearthside Publishing Services Marketing Manager: Allison Powell Designer: Steve Druding Compositor: Maryland Composition/Absolute Service Inc. Ninth Edition Copyright © 2011 Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, a Wolters Kluwer business © 2007 Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, © 2004 Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, © 2000 Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, © 1996 Lippincott-Raven, © 1992, 1988, 1983, 1979 JB Lippincott Co. 351 West Camden Street Baltimore, MD 21201 Printed in the People’s Republic of China All rights reserved. This book is protected by copyright. No part of this book may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, including as photocopies or scanned-in or other electronic copies, or utilized by any information storage and retrieval system without written permission from the copyright owner, except for brief quotations embodied in critical articles and reviews. Materials appearing in this book prepared by individuals as part of their official duties as U.S. government employees...
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...Clinical guidelines Diagnosis and treatment manual for curative programmes in hospitals and dispensaries guidance for prescribing 2010 EDITION © Médecins Sans Frontières – January 2010 All rights reserved for all countries. No reproduction, translation and adaptation may be done without the prior permission of the Copyright owner. ISBN 2-906498-81-5 Clinical guidelines Diagnosis and treatment manual Editorial Committee: I. Broek (MD), N. Harris (MD), M. Henkens (MD), H. Mekaoui (MD), P.P. Palma (MD), E. Szumilin (MD) and V. Grouzard (N, general editor) Contributors: P. Albajar (MD), S. Balkan (MD), P. Barel (MD), E. Baron (MD), M. Biot (MD), F. Boillot (S), L. Bonte (L), M.C. Bottineau (MD), M.E. Burny (N), M. Cereceda (MD), F. Charles (MD), M.J de Chazelles (MD), D. Chédorge (N), A.S. Coutin (MD), C. Danet (MD), B. Dehaye (S), K. Dilworth (MD), F. Fermon (N), B. Graz (MD), B. Guyard-Boileau (MD), G. Hanquet (MD), G. Harczi (N), M. van Herp (MD), C. Hook (MD), K. de Jong (P), S. Lagrange (MD), X. Lassalle (AA), D. Laureillard (MD), M. Lekkerkerker (MD), J. Maritoux (Ph), J. Menschik (MD), D. Mesia (MD), A. Minetti (MD), R. Murphy (MD), J. Pinel (Ph), J. Rigal (MD), M. de Smet (MD), S. Seyfert (MD), F. Varaine (MD), B. Vasset (MD) (S) Surgeon, (L) Laboratory technician, (MD) Medical Doctor, (N) Nurse, (AA) Anaesthetist-assistant, (Ph) Pharmacist, (P) Psychologist We would like to thank the following doctors for their invaluable help:...
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...Jurassic Park Michael Crichton Copyright Michael Crichton (c) 1991 All Rights Reserved The right of Michael Crichton to be identified as the author of this work has been asserted by him in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988. First published in Great Britain in 1991 by the Random Century Group 20 Vauxhall Bridge Rd, London SWIV 2SA Century Hutchinson South Africa (Pty) Ltd PO Box 337, Bergvlei 2012 South Africa Random Century Australia Pty Ltd 20 Alfred St, Milsons Point, Sydney, NSW 2061 Australia Random Century New Zealand Ltd PO Box 40-086, Glenfield, Auckland 10 New Zealand A CIP Catalogue Record for this book is available from the British Library ISBN: 0 7126 4686 8 Printed in England by Clays Ltd, St Ives plc For A-M and T "Reptiles are abhorrent because of their cold body, pale color, cartilaginous skeleton, filthy skin, fierce aspect, calculating eye, offensive smell, harsh voice, squalid habitation, and terrible venom; wherefore their Creator has not exerted his powers to make many of them." LINNAEUS, 1797 "You cannot recall a new form of life." ERWIN CHARGAFF, 1972 Introduction "The InGen Incident" The late twentieth century has witnessed a scientific gold rush of astonishing proportions: the headlong and furious haste to commercialize genetic engineering. This enterprise has proceeded so rapidly-with so little outside commentary-that its dimensions and implications are hardly understood at all. Biotechnology promises the...
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...62118 0/nm 1/n1 2/nm 3/nm 4/nm 5/nm 6/nm 7/nm 8/nm 9/nm 1990s 0th/pt 1st/p 1th/tc 2nd/p 2th/tc 3rd/p 3th/tc 4th/pt 5th/pt 6th/pt 7th/pt 8th/pt 9th/pt 0s/pt a A AA AAA Aachen/M aardvark/SM Aaren/M Aarhus/M Aarika/M Aaron/M AB aback abacus/SM abaft Abagael/M Abagail/M abalone/SM abandoner/M abandon/LGDRS abandonment/SM abase/LGDSR abasement/S abaser/M abashed/UY abashment/MS abash/SDLG abate/DSRLG abated/U abatement/MS abater/M abattoir/SM Abba/M Abbe/M abbé/S abbess/SM Abbey/M abbey/MS Abbie/M Abbi/M Abbot/M abbot/MS Abbott/M abbr abbrev abbreviated/UA abbreviates/A abbreviate/XDSNG abbreviating/A abbreviation/M Abbye/M Abby/M ABC/M Abdel/M abdicate/NGDSX abdication/M abdomen/SM abdominal/YS abduct/DGS abduction/SM abductor/SM Abdul/M ab/DY abeam Abelard/M Abel/M Abelson/M Abe/M Aberdeen/M Abernathy/M aberrant/YS aberrational aberration/SM abet/S abetted abetting abettor/SM Abeu/M abeyance/MS abeyant Abey/M abhorred abhorrence/MS abhorrent/Y abhorrer/M abhorring abhor/S abidance/MS abide/JGSR abider/M abiding/Y Abidjan/M Abie/M Abigael/M Abigail/M Abigale/M Abilene/M ability/IMES abjection/MS abjectness/SM abject/SGPDY abjuration/SM abjuratory abjurer/M abjure/ZGSRD ablate/VGNSDX ablation/M ablative/SY ablaze abler/E ables/E ablest able/U abloom ablution/MS Ab/M ABM/S abnegate/NGSDX abnegation/M Abner/M abnormality/SM abnormal/SY aboard ...
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