Introduction:

This research paper is about an emergent disease facing the world. Ebola has affected many countries in the world including United States of America. It has brought about many sociological factors that influenced the world to come together and work together and work together to fight the pandemic disease. United States and Britain come together raised money and funded my research institutions in America and in Africa to fight the disease.
Therefore, I will take you into a journey and explain what Ebola is and how it is affected the world according to my research based on this disease. I hope you will learn how it affected the social factors in the society, for example, fatality rates and how the world society was affected in terms of health, financial constraints.

This research paper is dedicated to the restless efforts of scientists, and government in the United States and Britain for their great contribution to fight Ebola. To the courageous doctors who flew to Africa and risked their lives in order to help the people in West Africa.

Ebola virus disease (EVD) was also known as Ebola hemorrhagic fever, it is severe, often fatal illness in humans. It is transmitted from wild animals and spreads to human population via direct human transmission. For example, it can also be transmitted through body fluids, objects and fruits from primates Also, Ebola firstly appeared in Sudan, Nzara and in the Republic of Congo in a village near Ebola River, thus its name evolved. Currently, it is rated as a dangerous virus severely causing havoc to researchers, scientist and people across the globe mainly because it overwhelms the very complex defense system of the body quickly and effectively.
Ebola is a virus, a bit of DNA, RNA and some proteins, moreover, a virus cannot survive by itself, and it survives and proliferates by infecting cells. Usually, dendritic cells activate an army of antivirus cells, support cells and antibody factory cells that works together with the guard cells to clear any infections in the immune system. Consequently, when Ebola attacks the immune system it takes over the (dendritic cells), the brain cells of the immune system. Usually, the Ebola virus enters the dendritic cells by binding into receptors for cell transport. Once it is inside these cells it releases genetic material, nucleus proteins and enzymes.

Consequently, taking over the cells, disabling the cell protective mechanism and reprograms it. Therefore, the cell becomes a virus machine to build Ebola viruses. Soon enough, the cells becomes saturated, dissolving the cell membrane and millions of viruses are released into the tissue. The Ebola virus further prevents the dendritic cells from activating the specialized antiviruses, it does that by manipulating the dendritic cells to send signal proteins that trick specialized cells into ending their own life prematurely, and thus the immune system becomes severely disrupted. Moreover, the immune system can’t function effectively since the virus rapidly multiplies. In spite of that, the natural killer cells of the immune system get infected by the Ebola virus and hence die before preventing the Ebola disease from spreading. Certainly, the guard cells (macrophages and monocytes) become infected and they send signals to the blood vessels cells to release fluids into the body. Also, as neutrophils become activated to fight the Ebola virus, more fluids are released causing severe internal bleeding. Consequently, the virus spreads rapidly attacking the liver, while attacking the entire body. In fact as the body struggles to survive to fight the EBOLA virus, the immune system desperately activates the cytokine storm, a signal that causes the immune system to launch all its weapons at once. Generally, the body’s immune system is rendered less effective to fight the Ebola virus. Also, since more fluids are lost severe dehydration occurs meaning insufficient blood is generated to the cells thus leading to death of body cells and tissues. Also, diagnosing Ebola in an individual who has been infected for only a few days has become difficult since the early symptoms seen are pretty much the same as of diseases like Malaria and typhoid.

Secondly, Ebola has had a major impact on the world, since it has proved to be a fatal epidemic in history in multiple countries in the West Africa. This disease has been fatal, killing thousands of people in West Africa, Central Africa. The fatality rates have varied between 25% and 90%, with increasing potential threats of deaths daily. The first Ebola case in the US was diagnosed by a man who travelled from Liberia, health worker who cared for the patient and other two doctors who cared for Ebola patients in Guinea. This diagnosis poised a national crisis, thus the government acted accordingly by putting in place measures to prevent the risk of further transmission of Ebola into the country. For example, screening is taking places in airports, healthcare workers have been trained on safety protective measures and handling to keep up with. Moreover, minimal traveling has been advised to many citizens to prone risk countries to Ebola disease. In fact, the UK has spent£ 20M which will help provide chlorine, protective suits, water and sanitation, as well as allowing experts to support aid efforts. Certainly, as the epidemic continues to strike, international agencies are working together to raise extra funding in order to keep basic public health services running effectively in sierra Leone as doctors help the Ebola patients . Nevertheless, as the rate of infection continues to spread in countries like Sierra Leone, it is not certain how and if this deadly virus is likely to rapidly end, mainly because other reported cases keep emerging and more funds are required to prevent the risk of transmission in other parts of the world. For example, the president Barrack Obama stated that more action will be required to extinguish the deadly virus, even though; he praised continued efforts to combat the disease in West Africa and in the US. In addition, the president called on Congress to authorize an additional $6.18 billion to battle the so as to extinguish the Ebola virus as he stated "It's a good Christmas present to the American people and to the world," Obama said, referring to the extra funding. "The money's running out. We cannot beat Ebola without more funding. If we want other countries to step up, we are going to have to lead the way."

In addition, according to scientist and researchers, Ebola virus is not airborne, but they claim that it spreads through the air but not through the airborne route. Scientist claims that the Ebola virus spreads through the droplet route whereby the viruses move through the droplet route travelling only about 3 feet to 6 feet). They stay in the air for less than a second, so to catch these viruses; you have to be within 6 feet of a contagious person. Therefore, researchers decided to come up with protective gears, protective suits, and face masks while treating patient’s .Moreover, the government has been liaising with researchers to put in place several measures to ensure minimal risk to exposure to Ebola virus. . For example, health workers are required to be screened regularly to ensure no risk of exposure and infection control to the Ebola virus while helping the patients. Moreover, Isolation measure have been put in place whereby patients suffering from Ebola , are put in private rooms so that treatment can be administered while avoiding transmission . Certainly, health workers are advised to be extra cautious when handling Ebola patients by not coming into contact with body fluids, blood, and contaminated surfaces such as clothing of infected patients. Furthermore, the vaccine researcher center (VCR) has come up with a new development which has proved to be helpful, the Ebola vaccine, which is an investigational vaccine. The vaccine is a chimpanzee adenovirus vector vaccine into which two Ebola genes have been inserted. This is a non-replicating viral vector, which means the vaccine enters a cell, delivers the gene inserts and does not replicate further. Also, it is under more clinical testing to ensure more development on the vaccine. Consequently, the international community failed miserably in its response towards the fight of Ebola virus. This is as a result of failure to raise funds soon enough to back up the global health fund which would react to Ebola emergencies. However, Spain has been working hard to prevent further transmission of the virus. For example, WHO commended Spain for the measures put in place to identify potential cases and prevent further transmission of the Ebola virus. These measures included exhaustive contact tracing of both high- and low-risk contacts, daily active monitoring of all contacts, training in and monitoring of correct use of personal protective equipment for all healthcare workers caring for the patient infected with Ebola virus.
In conclusion, the Ebola is a deadly virus which is currently a global health concern .It is a very dangerous disease because it attacks the very complex immune system and destroys it quickly leading to death of body cells and tissues, hence the death of individuals. Also, it spreads through direct human contact and transmitted from wild animals, also through contact of body fluids, contaminated materials of infected people. In fact, world organizations are working together to raise funds to help in basic running of health care needs to Ebola patients. As increasing deaths are reported due to this disease, the globe is not aware if the Ebola virus is likely to rapidly end since more funds are required to extinguish the virus as the transmission rate increases across the globe. Certainly, the vaccine research center has come up with an experimental vaccine which has so proved to be promising. Therefore, as the world continues to fight this deadly Ebola virus, many people hope for the best outcome.

REFERENCES:
"Ebola Virus Disease." Http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs103/en/. 3 Dec. 201. Web.

"EVD Cases and Deaths." Http://www.cdc.gov/vhf/ebola/outbreaks/2014-west-africa/case-counts.html. 3 Dec. 2014. Web.

Eliott, Larry. "WHO Congratulates Spain on Ending Ebola Transmission."
Http://www.who.int/mediacentre/news/statements/2014/spain-ends-ebola/en/. 2 Dec. 2014. Web.

Eliott, Larry. "Ebola Crisis: Global Response Has ‘failed miserably’, Says World Bank Chief."
Http://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/oct/08/ebola-crisis-world-bank-president-jim-kim-failure. 9 Oct. 2014. Web.

Eliott, Larry. "Ebola/Marburg."
Http://www.niaid.nih.gov/topics/ebolamarburg/research/Pages/default.aspx. 9 Oct. 2014. Web.

Eliott, Larry. "Interim Guidance for Preparing Frontline Healthcare Facilities for Patients with Possible Ebola Virus Disease." Http://www.cdc.gov/. 2 Dec. 2014. Web.

Doucleff, Michaeleen. "Ebola In The Air: What Science Says About How The Virus Spreads."
Http://www.npr.org/blogs/goatsandsoda/2014/12/01/364749313/ebola-in-the-air-what-science-says-about-how-the-virus-spreads. 1 Dec. 2014. Web.

Knoller, Mark. "Obama Says Ebola Fight Not Over, Requests $6bn to Combat Virus."
Http://rt.com/usa/210907-obama-ebola-6-billion-congress/. 3 Dec. 201. Web.