...Economic Critique ECO 372 Economic Critique Describing the current state of U.S. economics, we will discuss several factors to include unemployment, future expectations, consumer income, and interest rates. We will identify the existing effect of the economic factors on aggregate demand and supply. In addition, we will identify current recommended fiscal policies by government leadership. With this information, we will then evaluate the effectiveness of the current fiscal policy recommendations from both the Keynesian and Classical model perspectives. To better understand what the state of the unemployment situation is in today’s current economy, it was determined that a good place to start was with the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) or the U.S. Department of Labor. The first quarter tally of 2013 is not available until February 2, 2013. Therefore, we based our calculations on the data from December 2012. According to the BLS, the definition of the unemployed is, “Persons aged 16 years and older who had no employment during the reference week, were available for work, except for temporary illness, and had made specific efforts to find employment sometime during the 4-week period ending with the referenced week. Persons waiting to be recalled to a job from which they were laid off need not have been looking for work to be classified as unemployed” (US Department of Labor, 2012). Currently there are 12.2 million unemployed persons in the United States, with little...
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...Supply and Demand Economic Critique Rachel Middlebrook ECO/372 February 4, 2014 Rick Pretzsch Supply and Demand Economic Critique The United States economy is determined by a number of factors, such as; gross domestic product (GDP), unemployment rates, consumer income, and interest rates. Everything the U.S. produces is measured by the GDP. When the GDP turns negative, the economy can enter a recession. If this negative GDP continues for years the country is considered in a depression. Supply and demand are the forces drive the U.S. economy. Supply includes employment and natural resources such as oil. Demand, or personal consumption, drives 70% of the economy. The current spiral of the United States economy can be attributed to several factors. The U.S. has gasoline prices at an all time high. Consumers are buying less because they are spending more money just to get to work each week. Vacation spending and shopping sprees are not an option to most Americans. The Federal Reserve also serves a role in the weakening of the U.S. dollar. The Federal Reserve is lowering interest rates making the dollar worth less. This is an attempt to try to avoid another bank scare in which many Americans withdraw their money out of the banks at the same time. Finally, subprime mortgage rates have had a large influence on the current downturn of the dollar. After several shifts in the mortgage interest rates, many could not afford these homes any longer and were foreclosed or they...
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...Team A Week 3 Reflection Sean Zart, Amanda Englert, Anaysa Santoyo, Melissa Love, Courtney Blood, and Clinton Walker October 28, 2013 ECO/372 Principles of Macroeconomics Kathleen Byrne University of Phoenix Online Team A Week 3 Reflection Looking back on week three, the team discussed the role of the Federal Reserve and how they implement the U.S. monetary policies and how they work. The Contractionary and Expansionary policies are the one in the system that are used to control the amount of currency and the interest rates. We also learned how the money multiplier worked in order to effectively create money. We discussed how the Federal Reserve buys and sell bonds in order to add money into circulation or to take it out. We also discussed option two, the economic critique for our team assignment. This week outlined Contractionary and expansionary monetary policy, which a few of us had a few problems with. However, after reading other classmates thoughts and ideas it made better since as to what it actually was. Every so often just reading something will help you grasp a concept better. We also discussed what happens when the Federal Reserve is the net buyer/seller of government bonds to the money supply, the interest rate and what it does to the economy. When it comes to government bonds being a “seller” is not good and can have very negative effects. This is exactly what drives the unemployment rate up. When...
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...Economic Critique ECO/372 October 28, 2013 Economic Critique The current state of the economy is in question by the United States population. Unemployment, expectations, consumer income, and interest rate are the topics important to consumers and businesses. Understanding each area will allow to understand the state of the economy today. Unemployment Unemployment is part of the economy that the United States government has been working on getting lowered. Within a one month period there has been little change. “The unemployment rate in the United States decreased to 7.2% in September 2013 from 7.3% in August 2013” (Trading Economics, 2013). The change of the long-term unemployed individuals had very little change at 4.1 million, accounting for 36.9% of the unemployed. The effect of the long-term unemployment creates a hardship and increased the risk of suicide and potentially shortened life expectancy. The government can assist with unemployment through policies they have in place. Some of the policies that can be implemented are educational advice, schooling and training facilities to prepare for new jobs, provide information on available jobs, incentives and regulations, tax incentives, and aid or grants to overcome specific obstacles. “While direct government intervention is inefficient in reducing unemployment, the government can remove other policies that make it harder for people to find work” (Boundless, 2013). Expectations The current economy for the United...
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...AD/AS Models, U.S. Economic Critique ECO/372 April 20, 2015 Professor Godwin Quashigah AD/AS Models – U.S. Economic Critique The U.S. economy is primarily based on aggregate demand and aggregate supply (AD/AS), and significantly influenced by the factors of unemployment, expectations, consumer income, and interest rates. In addition, fiscal policies introduced by government leadership can affect the economy if they are effective. In the following paragraphs, we will examine the current state of the four factors above and how each affects AD/AS. Further, we will identify important fiscal policies currently being recommended by government leadership and evaluate those recommendations from the Keynesian and the Classical economic model perspectives. Unemployment Unemployment is an important statistic used by the U.S. government to gauge the health of the economy. Defined by the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS), the unemployment rate includes people who do not have a job, have actively looked for work in the past four weeks, and are currently available for work, including people who were temporarily laid off and are waiting to be called back to that job (Bureau of Labor Statistics, 2015). Those who have not looked for work within the past four weeks, and marginal workers that have given up searching for employment, are no longer counted among the unemployed and removed from the labor force total. In the United States, there are currently 13.5 million individuals...
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...School of Business ------------------------------------------------- Syllabus ECO/372 Version 4 Principles of Macroeconomics Whenever there is any question including about what assignments are due, please remember this syllabus is considered the ruling document. Group Number: GA11BSB08 Course Start Date: 07/17/2012 Course End Date: 08/14/20112 Course Schedule: Workshop 1 – July 17, 2012 Workshop 2 – July 24, 2012 Workshop 3 – July 31, 2012 Workshop 4 – Aug. 7, 2012 Workshop 5 – Aug. 14, 2012 FACILITATOR: Farooq A. Khan COURSE LOCATION, DAY AND TIME: Gardena Learning Center, Tuesday @ 6PM REQUIRED READING: Students are required to read all materials available at the Course Materials site for this course on https://ecampus.phoenix.edu/portal/portal/public/login.aspx | Course Syllabus School of Business ECO/372 Version 4 Principles of Macroeconomics | Copyright © 2012, 2008, 2007, 2006 by University of Phoenix. All rights reserved. Course Description This course provides students with the basic theories, concepts, terminology, and uses of macroeconomics. Students learn practical applications for macroeconomics in their personal and professional lives through assimilation of fundamental concepts and analysis of actual economic events. Policies Faculty and students will be held responsible for understanding and adhering to all policies contained within the following two documents: University policies:...
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...Economic Critique ECO/372 University of Phoenix Economic Critique Aggregate supply and demand are two of the most important elements to consider in all of macroeconomic, regardless of which of the many theories or models one applies. Understanding how various economic factors influence supply and demand is very important particularly vital to the government while determining economic policy. Factors like unemployment, expectations, consumer income, and interest rates all have an affect on the aggregate supply and demand. These factors will be discussed from both the Keynesian and Classical macroeconomic perspective. Current State of Unemployment, Expectations, Consumer Income, and Interest Rates Unemployment The unemployment rate has been steadily dropping over time. As of the summer of 2012 the unemployment rate was at 8-1/4 percent, and fell to a little below 8 percent as of January 2013 (Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System, 2013). However, this improvement is still well above unemployment rates pre-recession. Also, a larger portion of the unemployed have been so for six months or longer (Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System, 2013). In more recent months according to "Bureau Of Labor Statistics" (2013), “the unemployment rate edged down to 7.4 percent as of July 2013” (News Release USDL-13-1527 ). Economists try to interpret this information in order to better determine which way government policy should go. According economist, John...
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...Aggregate Demand and Supply Models Economic Critique Team Paper Erick Cabrera, Aaron Santiago, Marcus Crabtree, Abram Meza, April Mendez ECO/372 Macroeconomics June 30, 2014 Prof. Michael Gay When describing the current economic state of the United States there are several factors that must be included. These factors will affect the aggregated demand and supply of the United States economy. Such factors consist of unemployment, expectations, consumer income, and interest rates. All these economic factors will help us evaluate and establish important stimulates that will resuscitate the United States economy. There have been many obstacles for the United States as the economic crisis has continued to ripple across the financial landscape. The Bureau of Labor Statistics shows that the U.S. is slowly climbing back from a staggering 10 percent unemployment rate in 2009 and 2010. There are many questions surrounding unemployment whether their improvement will be short lived, or if they can find a way to push themselves back into the spotlight of the competitive global market. Perhaps there was a lack of structural adjustment as the technology markets began connecting countries that previously had no way into the global market played a large part of the problem. The United States once lead the way in exported goods because of the sheer size and force of their economy. Globalization of the market coupled with the decrease in the USD value has caused companies to collapse...
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...Economic Critique ECO/372 December 9, 2013 The current state of the economy in the United States has resembled the feeling on an elevator ride, up one minute down the next. But having an understanding of how the economy works is important in helping people makes the right decisions to maintain their household and strengthen the economy. This paper will focus on several factors that are used to measure if the economy is going in the right direction. These factors include; unemployment, future expectations, consumer income, and interest rates. We will identify the existing effect of the economic factors on aggregate demand and supply. In addition, we will identify current recommended fiscal policies by government leadership. This information will allow us to evaluate the effectiveness of the current fiscal policy recommendations using the Keynesian and Classical model perspectives. The United States have ridden this wild ride of the economy for years, this makes understanding the current status that much more important to know where it will lead. Unemployment To better understand the state of the unemployment situation is in today’s current economy it was decided to start with the Bureau of Labor Statistics or the U.S. Department of Labor. According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics, as of November 2013 there are 10.9 million unemployed people in the United States (U.S. Department of Labor, 2013), with an unemployment rate at 7.0 percent. This is due to...
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...Demand and Supply Models Raquel Hernandez Adrian Diaz Maritza Medrano Lizette Estrada University of Phoenix Principles of Macroeconomics ECO/372 Mr. Daniel Rowe February 22, 2014 Economic Critique Aggregate demand and supply are two extremely important elements that must take into consideration in macroeconomics. Considering how numerous economic factors impact demand and supply which is very serious especially important to the government because during the time frame it determines the economic policy. Factors such as unemployment, expectations, consumer income, and interest rates include an interest on the aggregate demand and supply. Therefore, these factors will be explained from two perspectives which are the Classical and the Keynesian. Although the events of the past six years have undeniably left their mark on the supply side of the economy, the primary reason unemployment remains high is lack of demand (Williams, 2013, p. 1). The private labor force support rate was dropped by 0.2% and marked a 62.8% by December, balancing a transformation of the same degree in November of 2013. However, during December the employment population rate was constant at 58.6%. The private labor force support rate had weakened by 0.8%, during the year, although the employment population rate was constant. Economists attempt to explain or translate the information calmly to improve and determine what approach the government policy must force. The United Sates unemployment...
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...Aggregate Demand and Supply Models Team B ECO/372 March 26, 2015 Aggregate Demand and Supply Models Many factors within a nation’s economy have the ability to effect one-said nation’s aggregate supply and aggregate demand models. Of these factors, four will be explored through the course of this specific critique and it should be noted, that the specific nation to be observed is the United States of America. The specific factors to be observed in the United States’ economy are their unemployment, their expectations, consumer income, and interest rates. In addition to identifying these four factors and their economic effects, there will be identified what fiscal policies have been put in place by the United States government in order to aid the economy and finally, there will be an evaluation of these fiscal policies regarding their effectiveness from both a Keynesian economic perspective and that of a classical economist. Unemployment A nation’s unemployment rate, as can be expected, is calculated by dividing the total sum unemployed persons by the number of total persons available for within the nation. This formula yields the number that is considered the unemployment rate for whichever nation is in question, in this case though, the nation that is the focus of our investigation is the United States. According to the Bureau of Labor and Statistics website (2015), “the unemployment situation in the United States has been reduced to 5.5 percent. This decrease as reported...
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...ECO 372 Course Syllabus Course Description This course provides students with the basic theories, concepts, terminology, and uses of macroeconomics. Students learn practical applications for macroeconomics in their personal and professional lives through assimilation of fundamental concepts and analysis of actual economic events. Policies Faculty and students will be held responsible for understanding and adhering to all policies contained within the following two documents: University policies: You must be logged into the student website to view this document. Instructor policies: This document is posted in the Course Materials forum. University policies are subject to change. Be sure to read the policies at the beginning of each class. Policies may be slightly different depending on the modality in which you attend class. If you have recently changed modalities, read the policies governing your current class modality. Course Materials Colander, D. C. (2010). Macroeconomics (8th ed.). Boston, MA: McGraw-Hill/Irwin. All electronic materials are available on the student website. Week One: Fundamentals of Macroeconomics | | Details | Due | Points | Objectives | 1.1 Explain the economic interaction of resources among households, government, and business. 1.2 Describe gross domestic product, inflation rate, unemployment rate, and interest rate. 1.3 Identify sources of historical economic data and economic forecasts. | | | Reading...
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...and functions of HRM Theoretical perspectives on HRM HRM in practice 1.2: Twenty-first-century senior HR leaders have a changing role The Fombrun, Tichy and Devanna model of HRM The Harvard model of HRM The Guest model of HRM The Warwick model of HRM The Storey model of HRM HRM and globalization: The HRM model in advancing economies? Ulrich’s strategic partner model of HRM Studying HRM Critique and paradox in HRM viii contents ix Case study: Canterbury Hospital Summary, Vocab checklist for ESL students, Review questions and Further reading to improve your mark 33 34 37 37 37 38 38 39 41 44 44 45 46 48 50 52 54 55 56 56 58 60 62 65 66 69 69 69 70 70 71 72 72 73 73 74 77 78 80 81 88 92 2 corporate strategy and strategic HRM John Bratton Outline Objectives Introduction Strategic management Model of strategic management Hierarchy of strategy Ethics and corporate social responsibility Business ethics Corporate social responsibility HRM in practice 2.1: Killer chemicals and greased palms Exploring corporate sustainability Strategic HRM HRM and globalization: Business urged to keep on eco-track HRM in practice...
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...ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY Y U K O A O YA M A J A M E S T. M U R P H Y SUSAN HANSON KEY CONCEPTS IN key concepts in economic geography The Key Concepts in Human Geography series is intended to provide a set of companion texts for the core fields of the discipline. To date, students and academics have been relatively poorly served with regards to detailed discussions of the key concepts that geographers use to think about and understand the world. Dictionary entries are usually terse and restricted in their depth of explanation. Student textbooks tend to provide broad overviews of particular topics or the philosophy of Human Geography, but rarely provide a detailed overview of particular concepts, their premises, development over time and empirical use. Research monographs most often focus on particular issues and a limited number of concepts at a very advanced level, so do not offer an expansive and accessible overview of the variety of concepts in use within a subdiscipline. The Key Concepts in Human Geography series seeks to fill this gap, providing detailed description and discussion of the concepts that are at the heart of theoretical and empirical research in contemporary Human Geography. Each book consists of an introductory chapter that outlines the major conceptual developments over time along with approximately twenty-five entries on the core concepts that constitute the theoretical toolkit of geographers working within a specific subdiscipline. Each entry provides...
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...The Internet and International Marketing Ethics and International Marketing Index xix xxi xxiii xxiv 1 34 68 104 138 172 209 239 274 303 335 367 401 430 454 478 507 Contents List of figures List of tables List of mini case studies Acknowledgements 1 Introduction to International Marketing Introduction The nature of international marketing Contextual determinants of international marketing Historical development Definition of international marketing Relationship with other business fields A theoretical framework for international marketing Approaches to internationalization Factors causing internationalization The process of firms’ internationalization A holistic approach The motivation for firms to go international Trade theories and economic development Absolute advantage Comparative advantage The assumptions underlying the principles of comparative advantage International trade theories Classical trade theory The factor of proportion theory The product life cycle theory Foreign direct investment (FDI) The eclectic paradigm The impact of FDI on national economies The...
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