...Research Paper Fred A. Graff Baker College Purpose Statement The topic I chose for this research paper is the National Railroad Passenger Corporation, Amtrak. This was due to the fact that I believe this is the direction America needs to take to reduce demand on oil supplies and cut down on emissions. Mass transit railway systems are cheaper and more efficient than airplanes and automobiles. The problem that exists right now with going to mass railway transit is the fact that many of the railroad tracks have been abandoned, removed or turned into trails for hiking or biking. To reach the rural population is going to be the biggest obstacle facing this much needed service in the United States. This is the area I am going to focus on in this paper. Addressing the problem of reaching rural America with mass transit will be tough but not impossible. My solution would be two-fold, and would entail laying new tracks to old places of service and making hubs that people can travel to with ample (and cheap) parking for their vehicles. The second part would be to invest in busses and start small-town bus routes to pick up passengers in areas where running train tracks would be too inefficient. These busses would run only to and from the train hubs connecting them to small towns and rural bus stops. This plan of reinvesting in the railway system would solve several issues: our reliance on foreign oil, our need to reduce emissions and creating new, long term jobs. Trains can...
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... Economics (DE), and Management (DM), and was elevated to the College of Economics and Management from the merger of IADA with the Agricultural Credit and Cooperative Studies and the Agrarian Reform Institute in 1978. At present, CEM is composed of three departments – the Department of Agricultural Economics, the Department of Economics and the Department of Agribusiness Management. The college sees itself as a center of excellence in undergraduate and graduate instruction, research and extension in economics, agricultural and applied economics, and agribusiness management in Asia. It envisions to be an institution of higher learning that can serve as an active catalyst for economic and social transformation. Its two-fold mission is to produce graduates and future leaders with strong training in economics, agricultural and applied economics, and in agribusiness management for the challenges of economic growth and development under a competitive global setting; and to engage in development-oriented research, policy advocacy and extension services that would promote efficiency, equity, competitiveness and environmental sustainability of economic activities. UNDERGRADUATE PROGRAMS Bachelor of Science in Agribusiness Management This program was...
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...Public Disclosure Authorized WPS5314 Policy Research Working Paper 5314 Public Disclosure Authorized Regional Trade Agreements Caroline Freund Emanuel Ornelas Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized The World Bank Development Research Group Trade and Integration Team May 2010 Policy Research Working Paper 5314 Abstract This paper reviews the theoretical and empirical literature on regionalism. The formation of regional trade agreements has been, by far, the most popular form of reciprocal trade liberalization in the past 15 years. The discriminatory character of these agreements has raised three main concerns: that trade diversion would be rampant, because special interest groups would induce governments to form the most distortionary agreements; that broader external trade liberalization would stall or reverse; and that multilateralism could be undermined. Theoretically, all of these concerns are legitimate, although there are also several theoretical arguments that oppose them. Empirically, neither widespread trade diversion nor stalled external liberalization has materialized, while the undermining of multilateralism has not been properly tested. There are also several aspects of regionalism that have received too little attention from researchers, but which are central to understanding its causes and consequences. This paper—a product of the Trade and Integration Team, Development Research Group—is part of a larger effort in the department...
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...usually a lump-sum amounting to millions, that is paid in the event of a change in control of the company1. The reasons for the implementation of the Golden Parachute is something that has been constantly debated, but the most common objective, and the objective I will be focusing on in this paper is to control the behaviour of the management in the event of a acquisition2. Often times when an acquisition occurs, the management of the acquired firm will not stay with the new firm, meaning that their will not benefit from the acquisition, but would rather suffer if the acquisition occurs. As such they might be inclined to try to prevent the acquisition, and not act in the best interest of the shareholders3. The Golden Parachute serves to ensure that the management acts in the best interest of the shareholders by providing a mechanism to protect their own personal self interest. Another objective that is often talked about would be that of an anti-takeover mechanism4. The Golden Parachute serves as a antitakeover mechanism in a number of ways, but in summary it is assumed to increase the cost of acquisition making the company less attractive for takeover. Through the course of this paper, we hope to learn a number of things about the whole Golden Parachute situation. Firstly, focusing on it being a tool to control the behaviour of the 1 Richard A....
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...researchers know surprisingly little about this ancient form of banking and its customers.4 We fill this gap by documenting detailed information on pawnshop loan repayment and default, and by discussing how pawnshop borrowers’ behavior is consistent with various behavioral economics phenomena. Pawnshop loans are small, short-term, collateralized loans typically used by low-income consumers. The borrower leaves a possession, or “pledge,” as collateral in exchange for a loan, typically of $75–$100.5 Interest rates vary by state and range from 2 Assistant Professor, Office of Economic and Manpower Analysis, United States Military Academy. susan.carter@usma.edu. The views expressed in this paper do not necessarily represent those of the United States Military Academy, the United States Army, or the Department of Defense. ** Associate Professor of Law, Vanderbilt University Law School. paige.skiba@vanderbilt.edu. We would like to thank Margaret Blair, Anna Skiba-Crafts and Kip Viscusi for valuable feedback. 1 JOHN P. CASKEY, FRINGE BANKING: CHECK CASHING OUTLETS, PAWNSHOPS, AND THE POOR 13 (1994). 2 Pawn Stars, THE HISTORY CHANNEL, http://www.history.com/shows/ pawn-stars (last visited Nov. 19, 2012); Hardcore Pawn, TRUTV,...
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...researchers know surprisingly little about this ancient form of banking and its customers.4 We fill this gap by documenting detailed information on pawnshop loan repayment and default, and by discussing how pawnshop borrowers’ behavior is consistent with various behavioral economics phenomena. Pawnshop loans are small, short-term, collateralized loans typically used by low-income consumers. The borrower leaves a possession, or “pledge,” as collateral in exchange for a loan, typically of $75–$100.5 Interest rates vary by state and range from 2 Assistant Professor, Office of Economic and Manpower Analysis, United States Military Academy. susan.carter@usma.edu. The views expressed in this paper do not necessarily represent those of the United States Military Academy, the United States Army, or the Department of Defense. ** Associate Professor of Law, Vanderbilt University Law School. paige.skiba@vanderbilt.edu. We would like to thank Margaret Blair, Anna Skiba-Crafts and Kip Viscusi for valuable feedback. 1 JOHN P. CASKEY, FRINGE BANKING: CHECK CASHING OUTLETS, PAWNSHOPS, AND THE POOR 13 (1994). 2 Pawn Stars, THE HISTORY CHANNEL, http://www.history.com/shows/ pawn-stars (last visited Nov. 19, 2012); Hardcore Pawn, TRUTV,...
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...[pic] 50 Phelan Avenue, San Francisco, CA. 94112 (415)239-3000 http://www.ccsf.edu/ Accredited by the Accrediting Commission for Community and Junior Colleges of the Western Association of Schools and Colleges PROFESSOR MIKE P. McKEEVER CRITICAL CLASS LINKS – FALL SEMESTER 2012 ECON 1, 3 Units: Principles of Macroeconomics; CRN: 70719, 70721, 70722 Course Hours: Econ 1-003, CRN 70719 MWF 9:00 AM to 9:59 AM, ARTX 182 Econ 1-005 CRN 70721 MWF 10:00 AM to 10:59 AM, ARTX 182 Econ 1-006, CRN 70722 MWF 11:00 AM to 11:59 AM, ARTX 182 DEAR CCSF STUDENT: Welcome to my class in MACROeconomics This class is a gateway into understanding how the worlds of money and politics interact. We will discuss many events from the daily news – you will enjoy it more if you read part of a newspaper every day. I have been teaching these classes for many years and I am sure we will have a good experience learning together. I am always open to questions and to new ideas, so do not hesitate to ask a question or contribute an idea. My teaching philosophy is that I have high expectations of the work that students do. I plan to guide you on a step by step basis so that you will do professional quality work. While it is possible to fail the class, I will do all that I can to ensure that you succeed. Here is an important word about professional standards of conduct - Part of the education process is to show mutual respect...
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...Rev. Integr. Bus. Econ. Res. Vol 4(1) 469 Scope Change, Flexibility and the Management of Projects Daniel Adler University of Technology Sydney, Australia Daniel.adler@student.uts.edu.au ABSTRACT Managing scope on projects is universally recognized as a challenge for business. This paper will argue that the activity theory concept of contradiction is a useful method with which to re-frame debates around the origins of scope change that moves away from an either or approach to based on trade-offs between for example efficiency and flexibility. Scope change will be demonstrated to be a natural part of projects, and that managers who embrace it can benefit from the opportunities that arise. Using one live manufacturing project as a case example, the paper will conclude that both hard and soft paradigm stances in terms of project management can be accommodated under the activity theory banner of contradiction, giving rise to the potential transferability of this classification across all types of projects. Keywords: Project Management; Manufacturing; Cultural Historical Activity Theory (CHAT); SME’s; Scope. 1. Introduction Scope change on projects can be very challenging for managers as it can be an admission that the original plans were inadequate, thus calling into question the expertise of the people who planned the project. Consequently when scope change results in time delays, budget increases, and disagreements about quality, this can often lead...
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...Journal of Economic Literature Vol. XXXIV (March 1996), pp. 97-114 The Standard Error of Regressions By D E I R D R E N . M C C L O S K E Y and STEPHEN T. ZILIAK University of Iowa Suggestions by two anonymous and patient referees greatly improved the paper. Our thanks also to seminars at Clark, Iowa State, Harvard, Houston, Indiana, and Kansas State universities, at Williatns College, and at the universities of Virginia and Iowa. A colleague at Iowa, Calvin Siehert, was materially helpful. T cant for science or policy and yet be insignificant statistically, ignored by the less thoughtful researchers. In the 1930s Jerzy Neyman and Egon S. Pearson, and then more explicitly Abraham Wald, argued that actual investigations should depend on substantive not merely statistical significance. In 1933 Neyman and Pearson wrote of type I and type II errors: HE IDEA OF Statistical significance is old, as old as Cicero writing on forecasts (Cicero, De Divinatione, 1. xiii. 23). In 1773 Laplace used it to test whether comets came from outside the solar system (Elizabeth Scott 1953, p. 20). The first use of the very word "significance" in a statistical context seems to be John Venn's, in 1888, speaking of differences expressed in units of probable error; Is it more serious to convict an innocent man or to acquit a guilty? That will depend on the consequences of the error; is the punishment death or fine; what is the danger to the community of released...
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...Rev. Integr. Bus. Econ. Res. Vol 3(1) 382 Impact of Workplace Diversity Elizabeth Foma University of Guam School of Business and Public Administration P. O. Box 5169 UOG Station Mangilao, Guam 96923 efoma@uguam.uog.edu; drmayuk@yahoo.com Abstract Diversity is an important part that all employees have to deal with at one point during their careers. There are many positive aspects to diversity in the workplace, such as exchange of ideas because of the diverse cultures of employees, the development of friendship without discrimination, workers learn to cope up with the diverse environment, stereotyping is eliminated, retention of employees are more likely due to healthy competition. On the other side, there is are negative parts which includes communication gaps due to language barrier and resistance to change. Diversity is any dimension that can be used to differentiate groups and people from one another, in which these dimensions can be visible or invisible. The existence of workplace diversity, within an organization, indicates that the workplace is heterogeneous in terms of gender, race, and ethnicity, in which employees possess distinct elements and qualities, differing from one another (Robbins, 2003). Key words: Race, gender, inequality, ethnicity, organizations, discrimination, lifestyle. 1. Introduction Diversity is any dimension that can be used to differentiate groups and people from one another, in which the dimensions can be visible...
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...ECON 191, Fall 2012 Guidelines for Writing an Economics Research Paper Writing a good economics paper is both an exciting and a nontrivial task. It requires a sustained effort in identifying an important question and in developing a credible model to think about that question or a testable hypothesis to answer it. In many cases it may require collecting data that gives the opportunity to test the hypothesis that you develop. You are encouraged to structure your paper in four parts: introduction, literature review, body, and conclusion. A brief abstract of no more than 100 words should precede your paper. Introduction Identifying a significant and well formulated question is the single most important part of the research process and the most difficult as well. A good research question has to be concise (remember, you are writing a 15-page paper, not a book), feasible and important. Choosing a research question requires balancing importance and feasibility. Feasibility means tractability for theoretical research and data availability for empirical research. Whenever you come up with an idea for a research question, always try to think about a critic sitting in front of you asking “Why should I care about this?” Consider this question to be a first filter for your research question. Identify a well-defined research question. The introduction is where you (1) present the research question, (2) motivate why it is important and briefly outline (3) how you go about answering it...
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...Money and Banking - ECON 3381L MONEY AND BANKING ECON 3381 – 91L Fall 2014 Instructor: E-mail: Web page: Office: Office Phone: Office Hours: Lecture Venue: Course Description This course is designed to provide you with a thorough understanding of the importance of money, banking, and financial markets. Money, financial institutions, and financial markets have emerged as instruments of payments for the services of factors of production. As markets expand and develop on a national and international level, the importance of money, banking, and other financial markets expands to accommodate innumerable exchanges. This course will allow you to understand the origins and nature of money, as well as the institutions and markets that enable the exchange of goods and services. Moreover, it will help you develop an appreciation for important concepts in economics, from interest rates and central banking to stocks, bonds, and foreign exchange. Prerequisites ECON 2301 and ECON 2302. Textbook The Economics of Money, Banking & Financial Markets, Frederic S. Mishkin, 10th Edition. Pearson. ISBN-13: 978-0-13-277024-8 (The 9th Edition also works: AddisonWesley. ISBN-13: 978-0-321-59979-7). Material and Rules All the class material is available through Blackboard Learn. Please make sure you thoroughly read the class rules section. Diego Escobari escobarida@utpa.edu http://faculty.utpa.edu/escobarida/ BUSA 218D 956.665.3366 MW 2:30 p.m. - 4:00 p.m. and by appointment This is an online class...
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...UNDERGRADUATE REGULATIONS & SYLLABUSES 2014 - 2015 THE FACULTY OF SOCIAL SCIENCES TABLE OF CONTENTS MESSAGE FROM THE DEAN ............................................................. 3 UNDERGRADUATE PROGRAMMES ................................................ 4 ACADEMIC CALENDAR 2014-2015 ................................................ 5 DEFINITIONS ...................................................................................... 13 GENERAL INFORMATION & REGULATIONS .............................. 14 General Regulations for Bachelor of Science Degrees 14 Special Regulations for Degrees in Hospitality and Tourism Management........................................................... 27 Franchise Agreements .......................................................... 27 EVENING UNIVERSITY -GENERAL INFORMATION & REGULATIONS ................................................................................... 28 General Regulations for Bachelor of Science Degrees 28 General Regulations for Diploma Programmes ............ 36 General Regulations for Certificate Programmes ......... 37 STUDENT PRIZES .............................................................................. 38 CODE OF CONDUCT ........................................................................ 39 UNIVERSITY REGULATIONS ON PLAGIARISM .......................... 40 THE ACADEMIC SUPPORT/ DISABILITIES LIAISON UNIT (ASDLU) ..............................................................................................
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...created the Federal Trade Commission ○ gave the Commission the power to enforce United States Antitrust legislation. The Clayton Antitrust Act ○ passed to prohibit mergers and acquisitions when those would substantially lessen competition. ○ enabled state attorney generals the ability to prosecute and enforce federal antitrust laws. ○ outlawed price discrimination, regulated stock acquisitions, and tying contracts ○ The Robinson - Pitman Act amended the Clayton Antitrust Act by banning discriminatory business practices. Celler-Kefauver Act 1950 ○ passed to regulate the acquisition of firms that were not in direct competition ○ limited mergers that would result in less competition in a market (Research Paper by Eveningepiphany. (n.d) B. Discuss the intended purpose of industrial (i.e., economic) regulation as it applies to the following market structures: 1....
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...Women and Surgery Despite the fact that the world now a day is developing in many aspects, women are yet an issue that is still discussed. Gender discrimination is witnessed in many aspects in today’s world, from family responsibilities to career roles, it is a main obstacle in almost every female’s life. Even though it may have improved within the years but the improvement is not fast enough. This paper will demonstrate the role of women in the medical field and the obstacles they face in their medical journey. Why is it that gender determines whether a person can become a surgeon or not? What is the main cause behind all this stereotypical ideologies and what are the threats that it creates? Looking at the gender patriarchy, fear of females...
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