...INDIA: A critical analysis on the influences of gender on educational opportunities The discussion in this paper will focus on the influences being female has on educational opportunities in India. It is important to note that that there are issues for males in accessing education, particularly those from the poorest backgrounds, and that childhood and schooling differs depending on the era and location of birth as well as the culture into which you are born. However, educational opportunities in India tend to be greater for boys, especially those from wealthy backgrounds, and this should be the same for all children regardless of their class, caste, gender and socio-economic background (Gasterland, 2009). In India ‘[w]ide spread poverty and discriminatory cultural practices [particularly places] the girl child at a serious disadvantage that starts at conception and extends throughout her life’ (Kumar et al, 2007: 7). The essay will discuss the effects of early marriage, school infrastructure, opportunity costs and safety on girls’ educational opportunities whilst considering culture, poverty and government policy. Examples from the southern state of Kerala and the northern state of Bihar will be used to try to gain an understanding of why some girls are able to access schooling; as they demonstrate vast differences in male to female pupil ratios within schools. This can be noted in the fact that in 2004/05 the southern state of Kerala had an enrolment rate in of ninety-eight...
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... * Electricity and power supply * Illiteracy * Industrial development * Poverty * Income * Government impact The performance and growth totally depends upon the growth and development of all the states. If all the states individually will perform well then naturally India will do well. 1. Population :- It plays a major role in the development and growth of the region. Higher the population it will be difficult for the state to maintain the GDP rate and also unemployment become more. In totally the northern states as a whole has remained the highest populated area since independence. The population growth is 2.4 per cent which is higher than the southern region of India. Uttar Pradesh, Rajasthan, Bihar and Madhya Pradesh have the most of the population of India and hence are the least developed states. Except Delhi and Punjab which has less population has developed more than other northern state. 2. Agriculture:-India is mostly dependent on the agriculture on their overall growth. If there will be growth in agricultural will be growth in agriculture field there money will be generated and also there will be no scarcity of...
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...planning process of the country. Policy documents like the Approach Paper to the Twelfth Five Year Plan (2012 to 2017), the High Level Expert Group for Universal Health Coverage (HLEG), the Programme Implementation Framework of the National Rural Health Mission (NRHM) and the Report of the National Commission on Macroeconomics and Health (NCMH) have all endorsed the need to raise the level of public spending on health in India from around one per cent to 2 to 3 per cent of GDP. Monitoring the progress towards achieving the target level of public spending on health has been difficult, due to ambiguity in the definition of health expenditure used, and the corresponding figures reported by different government agencies. The latest Economic Survey, 2011-12 of the Government of India suggests that public spending on health was around 1.35 per cent of GDP in 2010-11 (R.E.). It is however, not clear whether this estimate refers only to health expenditure or includes water supply and sanitation also. The Approach Paper of the Government of India to the Twelfth Five Year Plan indicated that health expenditure alone as a per cent of GDP was about 1.4 per cent (B.E.) in 2011-12. It also mentioned that if one included...
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...|Dictionary of economics|||R 944 |The macroeconomics of fiscal policy|Kopcke, Richard W. and others, ed.||R 1021|The East Kolkata Wetlands(conservation and management)Act,2006|Datta,L. N. 1022|Survey of Indian industry 2009|The Hindu|| 1023|21st century management, 2 vols.|Wankel, Charles, ed.|V.1|R 1024|21st century management, 2 vols.|Wankel, Charles, ed.|V.2|R 1045|Global economic & financial crisis||| 1048-52R|Microeconomics|Pindyck, Robert S. and others|| 1053-57R|Principles of microeconomics|Salvatore, Dominick|| 1058-60|Handbook of finance, 3 vols.|Fabozzi, Frank J., ed.|I-III|R 1062|Hispanic marketing|Korzenny, Felipe||R 1064|India business checklists|Bose, Rupa K.|| 1081|Services marketing|Zeithaml, Valarie A. and others||R 1092|50 companies that changed the world|Rothman, Howard|| 1093|Advanced marketing and sales|BPP Learning Media|| 1094|The age of turbulence|Greenspan, Alan|| 1095|All the tea in China|Haft, Jeremy|| 1097|The audacity of hope|Obama, Barack|| 1098|A better India|Murthy, N.R. Narayana|| 1099|A course in game theory|Osborne, Martin J.|| 1101|Game theory|Fudenberg, Drew|| 1105|The macroeconomics of fiscal policy|Kopcke, Richard W. and others, ed.|| 1106|The microstructure approach to exchange rates|Lyons, Richard K.|| 1108|Monetary theory and policy|Walsh, Carl E.|| 1110|District census handbook, 2001: Darjiling||| 1111|District census handbook, 2001: Jalpaiguri||| 1112|District census handbook, 2001: Koch Bihar||| 1113|District...
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...peer. [er. ye@vepeea Dr. G. D. Banerjee DeeefLe&keÀ efJeMues50% 71 Chapter - VIII Impact of REDP The present chapter makes an attempt to assess the impact of REDP training. The impact of REDPs is measured in terms of (i) the number of new enterprises created by REDP trainees, (ii) the creation of new enterprises with and without wage employment, (iii) annual employment generation, (iv) annual incremental income and (iv) attainment of success rate. Thus, the impact of REDP is ascertained on the basis of changes in income and employment as a result of creation of new enterprises. The economics of REDPs is assessed with particular reference to costs and benefits of REDP. Cost includes expenditure incurred per trainee by agencies imparting REDPs, while benefits are taken into account as addition to value of produce and net surplus generated annually. The emphasis of the analysis was on major activities and agencies of the selected districts. Attempts were also made to estimate the Financial Rate of Return (FRR) of the Entrepreneurship Development Programme keeping in view NABARD’s financial contribution on the expenditure side and average net incremental income on income side. Impact of REDP 1. Enterprises set up with and without Wage Employment As mentioned earlier, 793 sample REDP trainees were selected from 1000 REDPs during the survey. Out of which information is available from 701 trainees. Among the 701 trainees, 460 trainees constituting 65.62 per cent were settled...
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...Topic School Education - Private Participation for Educating Rural India Title of the Project Private Education in Rural India: Status and Opportunity Kripal Singh Niranjan, Private Education in Rural India: Status and Opportunity I. Introduction: World Bank statistics found that fewer than 40 percent of adolescents in Rural India attend secondary schools. The Economist reports that half of 10-year-old rural children could not read at a basic level, over 60% were unable to do division, and half dropped out by the age 14. According to this criterion, the 2011 census holds the National Literacy Rate to be around 74%.Government statistics of 2001 also hold that the rate of increase in literacy is more in rural areas than in urban areas, so we need to focus on rural areas and special attention goes to female education because it is still less than male literacy rate. Private Education in India: According to current estimates, 70% Population of India lives in rural area, making the government the major provider of education. However, because of poor quality of public education, 27% of Indian children are privately educated. According to some research, private schools often provide superior results at a fraction of the unit cost of government schools. However, others have suggested that private schools fail to provide education to the poorest families. Most of the private schools provide central board education not state board to maintain their quality. ...
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...An econometric analysis of the impact of mobile Dr. Mahesh Uppal is the Director of Com First (India) Private Ltd, a consultancy specializing in policy, regulation, and strategy. Mamta is a researcher at the Indian Council for Research on International Economic Relations (ICRIER). 1. Summary During the past two decades, India has moved away from its former ‘command and control’ policies to become a marketbased economy. This process started in the mid-1980s and gathered substantial momentum at the beginning of the 1990s. The process of reform has continued in this decade with a further opening of the economy and the creation of regulatory institutions to oversee the march towards fully competitive markets. As a result of the liberalisation, GDP per capita has been rising by 7% annually, a rate that leads to its doubling in a decade. This contrasts with annual growth of GDP per capita of just 1% in the three decades from 1950 to 1980. Rapid growth turned India into the third largest economy in the world in 2006 (after the United States and China and just ahead of Japan when measured at purchasing power parities), accounting for nearly 7% of world GDP. 1 Although India’s growth rate has been among the highest in the world, it remains a low income country. With a per capita income of US$950 in 2007, India ranks 122nd. 2 As well as a low average income, there are substantial disparities in economic performance between states. The average per capita Gross State Domestic...
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...INSURGENCIES: A NIGHTMARE FOR INDIA – ANALYSIS APRIL 12, 2011 MASOOD-UR-REHMAN KHATTAK 2 COMMENTS By Masood-Ur-Rehman Khattak “It would not be an exaggeration to say that the problem of Naxalism is the single biggest internal security challenge ever faced by our country” – Dr. Manmohan Singh, Indian PM Internal security of India is in disarray. Insurgencies in India are gaining momentum, making things worse for the Indian government. India is facing serious insurgencies in the Northeast, Kashmir and other parts. Northeastern India consists of 7 states: Assam, Meghalaya, Tripura, Arunachal Pradesh, Mizoram, Manipur, and Nagaland. More than 30 armed groups are continuously challenging the Indian government’s writ in these areas. The insurgency which started in the northern part of West Bengal has now spread to Jharkhand, Bihar, Andhra Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Madhya Pradesh and Maharashtra. The Indian government has been failed to overcome this issue. Hundreds of people have lost their lives in this insurgency, but still there is no end to this uprising. According to South Asia Terrorism Portal (SATP) more than 1,897 people have lost their lives in northeast India in last two years. These numbers are alarming for India. Lack of Political dispensation, health facilities, schools, hospitals, electricity, roads, communication, injustice, inequality and basic necessities compelled tribal people of these areas to revolt against the largest democracy in the world. Some groups in these...
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...Advanced Integrated Systems (AIS), founded in 2006, is a pioneer provider of Homeland Security solutions. AIS is proudly presented as the leading National Company in its field, bringing the most intelligent and unique security solutions. AIS takes a holistic approach to security, integrating physical security technologies such as sensors with information technologies such as databases, software, and artificial intelligence, while incorporating its operational expertise throughout. AIS offers its clients tailored solutions that provide full spectrum security that proactively predicts, prevents, prepares for, and manages events, ensuring the safety and security of the nation. Global trends will be a major consideration when forming our strategic HRM policies for the next 10-15 years. The NIC’s treatment of demography identifies four trends that its authors argue will substantially influence the future of international relations – to 2030 and beyond: * Aging, which they call “a tectonic shift” for developed countries but also increasingly many developing; * Youthful Societies and States, which they note is a shrinking but still-significant number; * Migration, which is expected to be more cross-border and increasingly common; and * Urbanization, which is a continued trend that will accelerate and take center stage as its side-effects impact Africa and parts of Asia. * Changing Age Structures By 2030, nearly all of Europe, South Korea, Japan, and...
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...The Beedi Industry in North Arcot District (AP) v. Carpet Industry in Bhadoi, Varanasi and Mirzapur (UP) vi. The carpet industry in Jammu and Kashmir. vii. The Lock making industry in Aligarh (UP) viii. The Brassware industry in Moradabad (UP) ix. The export oriented Garment and Gem Polishing industry. x. The Gem Polishing industry in Jaipur (Rajasthan) xi. The state mines manufacturing units in Marhhpur (AP) xii. The leather units of Kanpur, Durg and Tonk. xiii. The Diamond Industry of Surat City (Gujarat). In his studies, Dr. Mishra referred several studies conducted by researchers in particular industry and given his own observation on status of child labour in above referred industry. While discussing child labour and its incidence on economic and social front, he quoted every event whether it is national or international in nature which raised the issue of child labour. His published studies work like an administrative manual of combat child labour. He emphasized upon the educational, training and recreation strategy to combat child labour and to bring them in main stream of society. He discusses the role of Government to control child labour who owned the prime responsibility in improving the status of child labour and their families. 3.6 The problem of child labour in India – The Studies Edited by Raj Kumar Sen and AsitDasgupta– Deep and Deep Publisher Pvt. Ltd. New Delhi – 2003 The editors highlighted the problem of child labour and assumes the problem got extra importance...
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...AGRICULTURAL CREDIT | | | Arvind Kumar Jha | PGDMA 1206 | | ABSTRACT The Eleventh Five year plan makes specific focus on the inclusive growth of the economy. It implies that the growth process that experienced over the years were not sufficiently inclusive of all. Although there had been substantial reduction of poverty over past few decades during the five year plans, the core content of the rural poverty remained intractable. In fact, upto Ten Five year plan envisaged balanced regional development and equality and employment. But the growth of population and urban biased industrial development have left out the backward section of population and the rural sector in general un-addressed. The agricultural credit policies and the economic reform in general aim to have positive influence on the total volume of institutional credit. However, the rural banking system in India made tremendous quantitative achievement by neglecting the qualitative aspects of the credit delivery system. The inequalities in the banking system across the regions and social classes persisted. Hence, it is mandatory to understand the regional disparity in the distribution of agricultural credit. In context to Agricultural credit, Southern Region (Rs.101659 crore) dominated the other region Northern Region (Rs.69630 crore), Central region (Rs.45988 crore) Western region (Rs.61613 crore), Eastern Region (Rs.26760 crore)and Northeastern region(Rs.2436 crore). The Theils inequality index was...
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...According to Ebuka Age plays a significant role on academic performance as younger students tend to perform better than their older counterparts. Worland et al. (1984) carried out a study on academic performance and profile, classroom behaviors and academic performance in children at high and low risk for psychopathology through a structural equation analysis. The sample included 158 students and their parents from Washington in America. The results indicated that intelligence mediated the influence of parental psychopathology on academic performance of the students. Singh (1986) studied the relationship between socio-economic status and perception of parental behavior by students. The sample was comprised 246 boys and girls of class tenth of Bihar. Data was collected through parent child relationship questionnaire and self-administering test of mental ability to check parental behavior and intellectual ability of the students respectively. The findings showed that the dimensions of parental behavior displaying love, rejection, protection and discipline were found to contribute to the profile of male students. Nommay (1988) recognized the effects of family structure on profile and academic performance. He analyzed 45 studies from the last 15 years and summarized the results as that parental education and encouragement found to contribute to the cognitive development of their children. Family constellation was appeared to have greater...
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...American Geographical Society The Growth of Indian Agriculture: A Regional Analysis Author(s): V. Nath Source: Geographical Review, Vol. 59, No. 3 (Jul., 1969), pp. 348-372 Published by: American Geographical Society Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/213481 . Accessed: 04/05/2014 02:05 Your use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of the Terms & Conditions of Use, available at . http://www.jstor.org/page/info/about/policies/terms.jsp . JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range of content in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new forms of scholarship. For more information about JSTOR, please contact support@jstor.org. . American Geographical Society is collaborating with JSTOR to digitize, preserve and extend access to Geographical Review. http://www.jstor.org This content downloaded from 14.139.122.40 on Sun, 4 May 2014 02:05:09 AM All use subject to JSTOR Terms and Conditions THE GROWTH OF INDIAN AGRICULTURE: A REGIONAL ANALYSIS V. NATH providing about 50 percentof the grossnationalproductandnearly70 percent of the employment, an adequateagriculturalgrowth rate is essentialfor sustainedeconomic progress. The growth rate of agricultural influenceon the overallgrowth rateof the economy outputhasa considerable and on the productivityof a large part of the work force. Moreover, a rapid...
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...| EDUCATION | 7 | PLACE OF BIRTH | 8 | MARITIAL STATUS | 9 | PERSONAL INCOME | 10 | YEAR OF ESTABLISHMENT | 11 | TYPE OF ENTERPRISE | 12 | CONCLUSION | 13 | TABLE NO. -1 SOURCES OF ASSITANCE From the above table it was found that on four occasion bank loan were taken for starting their business. And from the above data after analysis we can conclude that majority of the entrepreneur began their business from their own investment. TABLE NO. – 2 NATURE OF BUSINESS *Some students are not specifying the nature of shop properly The above table shows the type of business venture taken by the respective entrepreneur. We can see that most of the business venture chosen was Retail shop followed by trading and manufacturing job. TABLE NO. - 3 REASON FOR CHOSSING SPECIFIC JOBS AND THEIR MOTIVES/AIM BEHIND IT This table shows the reason for choosing their specific business venture. From the data we can see that everyone has their own personal reason for choosing their business line. TABLE NO. - 4 SOURCE OF INSPIRATION BEHIND THE ENTERPRISE The table shows the source of inspiration for entrepreneur to take up business ventures. From analysis we can see that unemployment is the highest followed by to support family and so on as given in the above table. TABLE NO. -5 AGE GROUP OF ENTREPRENEUR From analyzing the above given table we can say that most of the entrepreneur are in the age group of 40 – 50 yrs followed by age group of 20 – 30 yrs and 30 – 40 yrs. TABLE NO. – 6...
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...Why do Poverty Reduction Programmes tend not to work out as intended? Discuss in relation to either i) states or ii) civil society organisations (NGOs or social movements or both). Introduction Mass poverty is the single most important economic and social issue on our planet today (Downer, 1997). ‘Poverty’ is a multidimensional concept involving the inability of people to meet their economic, social and other standards of well-being (OECD, 2001). Over the years a number of institutional approaches have been used to ensure the eradication of poverty from the society (Sarker and Rahman, 2006). One of these efforts is through a poverty reduction strategy. According to Barder (2009) ‘Poverty reduction’ is often described as the promotion of economic growth that will permanently lift as many people as possible over the poverty line. This line is defined as ‘the income levels below which people are defined as poor’ (World Banks, 2004). However, making poverty reduction strategies work has proven a much bigger challenge regardless of the fact that many efforts have been made towards alleviating it. Downer (1997) argues that the provision of opportunity for people to meet their basic needs has become the greatest challenge to most countries. Why then do poverty reduction programmes tend not to work out as intended? Pellissery (2005) points out that in developing economies, public authorities who are responsible for designing and implementing anti-poverty interventions are not sufficiently...
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