...1st Edition Logistics Disaster Management Training Programme DHA/94/2 GE.94-00020 Logistics 1st Edition Module prepared by R.S. Stephenson, Ph.D. Disaster Management Training Programme 1993 2 STRUCTURE AND ORGANIZATION OF RELIEF LOGISTICS CONTENTS Acknowledgements ................................................................................6 Introduction ............................................................................................7 Part 1 Relief logistics ..................................................................... 9 Introduction ............................................................................................9 Relief logistics .........................................................................................9 The operating environment ....................................................................12 Case Study – Part 1 .............................................................................12 Planning for effective implementation of logistics programs .....................14 International involvement .......................................................................15 Part 2 Structure and organization of relief logistics ................. 17 The flow of transport and goods ............................................................17 Facilities and equipment ........................................................................19 Operational and support functions ................
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...d. Key Stakeholders Analysis Disaster affected people is a composite category. It includes different groups of people with varied economic and social background. However, the poor and extreme poor people are most affected due to their fragile economic condition, presence in risky locations and no potential for self recovery. They try to cope with the situation through multiple strategies. Firstly, austerity – mange situation with resources available (e.g. eat less, distress selling and desertation etc. ); secondly, forfeiture – make sacrifices to ensure survival (e.g. accept low wage for labour, accept bondage for advance payment of wage, send children to work for income, sell assets, leave home to seek job and income) and thirdly, requital – try accessing additional resources (e.g. seek loans, seek gift in kind, seek relief). Generally, disaster affected people do not perceive that they have any entitlement. They depend on immediate relief for the emergency period through NGOs, and GO. They are more dependent on the ‘safety net’ programmes of government as most vulnerable groups. CBOs – a community based formal set up, it is civil society non-profits that operate within a single local community. They are essentially a subset of the wider group of nonprofits. Like other nonprofits they are often run on a voluntary basis. It has ability to respond in emergency promptly due to its presence within the affected society. However, their capacities and resources are very limited....
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...International Monetary Fund's Role in Disaster Relief Thomas Hamblin Southern New Hampshire University Abstract The devastation caused by natural and technological disasters is measured not only by the numbers of people killed or the severity of the damages to property and critical infrastructure, but also by the economic and financial losses incurred by the citizens and the governments of affected countries. In times of crisis, it is imperative that affected countries are given assistance in an expeditious and efficient manner. Along with its sister organization the World Bank, the International Monetary Fund (IMF) provides emergency assistance to help countries with "urgent balance of payments financing needs in the wake of natural disasters or armed conflict" (International Monetary Fund Factsheet, 2011, p.1). This emergency financial assistance is designed to be distributed rapidly to aid countries who may potentially exhaust their monetary reserves in the aftermath of a natural or technological disaster. This paper will examine why it is important for financial institutions like the IMF and the World Bank to be involved in disaster management. In addition, some of the ways which these financial institutions distribute aid to countries affected by disaster will also be identified. Keywords: World Bank, International Monetary Fund (IMF), disaster management. The World Bank and the International Monetary Fund's Role in Disaster Relief The IMF and its sister organization...
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...Homeland Security and Emergency Management Volume 9, Issue 1 2012 Article 31 Responding in Crises: A Comparative Analysis of Disaster Responses between Mainland China and Taiwan Chun-Chieh MA, National University of Tainan, Harvard University Recommended Citation: MA, Chun-Chieh (2012) "Responding in Crises: A Comparative Analysis of Disaster Responses between Mainland China and Taiwan," Journal of Homeland Security and Emergency Management: Vol. 9: Iss. 1, Article 31. ©2012 De Gruyter. All rights reserved. Authenticated | bee_and_tom@hotmail.com Download Date | 9/16/12 10:06 AM Responding in Crises: A Comparative Analysis of Disaster Responses between Mainland China and Taiwan Chun-Chieh MA Abstract The management of crisis events involves activity at the organizational and governmental jurisdiction levels and is comprised of an integrated system of practice and structure. However, because there are two systems involved in crisis response, namely centralization and decentralization of disaster management, there are differences in governmental actions in response to crisis events. This article analyzes and compares the actions of disaster responses undertaken by mainland China and Taiwan when faced with major natural disasters in order to demonstrate the different response results and defects of centralized and decentralized crisis response systems, respectively. The results showed that the efficiency of decentralized response systems is higher than that of...
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...Economic Systems Effects on Natural Disaster Relief, and an Explanation of Supply and Demand Oscar O. Salguero DeVry University BUSN-115-61770 Teacher: Donna Armes Due 3/09/2014 FEMA is an organization that is responsible in case of any natural disaster such hurricane, earthquake and floods. In a certain way I believe that this organization tends to be with Socialist foundations because all what they present is their help to a town, city or country they are not seen any color, race or religion they just help. When a crisis hits a nation, such as a natural disaster, certain economic systems are better equipped in handling public relief. Economic systems such have superiority over others because reason. Examples are found throughout history. Although a socialist system is often looked down upon and at one time even was the enemy, it has many benefits when it comes to dealing with a disaster like the 2010 earthquake that occurred in Haiti. Responding to a situation as such is easier because of a small geographical area but could also be complicated for so many factors for example; destruction was to such degree that was so difficult for the delivery of the proper emergency services. Socialism offers the best solution in handling this type of emergencies because they focus in nothing else but situation and as an economic system would it be the best system because the sharing is meant in an equal way. When we referred to a socialist system we may find that is more...
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...PHILIPPINE DISASTER RISK REDUCTION AND MANAGEMENT SYSTEM REPUBLIC ACT No. 10121 AN ACT STRENGTHENING THE PHILIPPINE DISASTER RISK REDUCTION AND MANAGEMENT SYSTEM, PROVIDING FOR THE NATIONAL DISASTER RISK REDUCTION AND MANAGEMENT FRAMEWORK AND INSTITUTIONALIZING THE NATIONAL DISASTER RISK REDUCTION AND MANAGEMENT PLAN, APPROPRIATING FUNDS THEREFOR AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES. it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the Philippines in Congress assembled: Section 1. Title. - This Act shall be known as the "Philippine Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Act of 2010". Section 2. Declaration of Policy. - It shall be the policy of the State to: (a) Uphold the people's constitutional rights to life and property by addressing the root causes of vulnerabilities to disasters, strengthening the country's institutional capacity for disaster risk reduction and management and building the resilience of local communities to disasters including climate change impacts; (b) Adhere to and adopt the universal norms, principles and standards of humanitarian assistance and the global effort on risk reduction as concrete expression of the country's commitment to overcome human sufferings due to recurring disasters; (c) Incorporate internationally accepted principles of disaster risk management in the creation and implementation of national, regional and local sustainable development and poverty reduction strategies, policies, plans and budgets; (d) Adopt a disaster risk reduction...
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...Abstract Disasters have devastating and severe acute and long-term consequences for individuals and communities. The paper expounds on the social ramifications of disasters, while highlighting a disaster’s effects in vulnerable populations. The collaborative actions of communities, governments, public health, media, and health professionals are also depicted in the paper. Lastly, implications for Advanced Practice Nurses concerning leadership, involvement in public policy and education, and development of advanced disaster planning are illustrated. Keywords: disaster, disaster response and planning, social ramifications, advanced practice nursing. Disaster--the term itself invokes feelings of dread, despair, and devastation. Furthermore, the effects of disasters on human condition are far-reaching and unpredictable. For health care professionals, disaster preparedness and response entails an understanding of the socio-economic issues and the collective responsibilities of multiple agencies when a disaster strikes. Disasters affect individuals, families, societies, and communities, with little time for any warning or preparation.1 The collective obligations of government, communities, hospitals, and medical professionals are underscored during this trying time. Introduction What is a disaster? Calamity, catastrophe, tragedy, are just some of the words uttered when a disaster occurs. Perry and Quarantelli2 explained that disaster has several meanings depending...
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...Natural Disasters Index Introduction Types of Disasters Effects of Disaster on Economy Effect of Disaster on Health Care Organization * Sudden Influx * Damage to Facilities * Inadequately Prepared * Specialty Treatment Availability Effects on the Population * Immediate Health Impact * Long-Term Impacts Steps in Disaster Management * Mitigation * Preparedness * Response * Recovery Real Incident Study * Background: * Immediate Response Considerations: * Evacuation: * Special Immediate Concerns: * Recovery Process: * Facility Considerations: * Lessons Learned at This Point in Response/Recovery: * Takeaways from this incident: Conclusion References Introduction According to dictionary.com Disasters means “a calamitous event, especially one occurring suddenly and causing great loss of life, damage, or hardship, as a flood…” Disasters such as Earthquakes, tsunamis, floods, hurricanes, tornados, epidemic disease outbreaks and more can damage any population and have a tremendous effect on the health care organizations that respond. Many health care organizations face major challenges during natural disasters. There are many different causes for those challenges.According to the International Federation of the Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies, in 2002, international disasters affected 608 million people and killed more than 24,000. The recent natural disaster in the...
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...NATIONAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT SYSTEM 1. Introduction. Pakistan is located in a region which is prone to number of natural disasters. Due to its diverse range of terrain and existence of fault lines, the country is susceptible to wide ranging hazards from earthquake to droughts and floods to cyclones. Pakistan has suffered floods almost every year as monsoon rains cause rivers to outflow from their banks. The country also experiences earthquake regularly ranging from moderate to severe in intensity. We have been suffering from drought like situation of varying degrees from many years and the coastal areas are prone to cyclones. There is no comprehensive, integrated disaster management policy at national level for dealing with major disasters like earthquake of 2005 and floods of 2010 and 2011 partially due to limited resources, economic instability and partially due to absence of well trained and equipped disaster management infrastructure. We also lack proper system for disaster prevention and preparedness that could ensure effective mitigation to reduce the loss of life and property damage in the face of a natural disaster. 2. Disaster management is unfortunately seen as provision of relief rather than the management of all of its phases and long term management of risk. We therefore need a comprehensive preparedness, prevention and mitigation strategy with a view to better manage and coordinate activities of various line ministries, departments and civil society. Pakistan...
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...Evaluating the Involvement of Philippine National Police in Disaster Risk Reduction and Management (DRRM) in Boracay, Malay, Aklan, Philippines Kenneth D. Barrientos1 Department of Environmental Science, Aklan State University- Ibajay, 5613 Aklan, Philippines barrientos.kenneth@asu.edu.ph Abstract The Armed Forces are front liners during disaster incidence. They are the first respondent due to force readily available and the easiest way for the government to deploy immediately. Hence, this paper evaluated the extent of the involvement of Philippine National Police in Disaster Risk Reduction and Management (DRRM) in Boracay Island, Malay, Aklan, Philippines. A self-administered questionnaire was utilized to solicit information from the seventy-six (76) police officers of Boracay. Collected data were sequentially analyzed using appropriate statistical tools such as frequency count, percentage, rank, mean, standard deviation and paired T-test for significant differences. The demographic profile of the respondents indicated that majority of the respondents are young, male officers who have served the department for less than eight (8) years, but had attended limited training on disaster management. Results also indicated that there was a “high involvement” among police officers in Boracay in terms of Disaster Preparedness and Disaster Response. However, data shows that Disaster Recovery and Mitigation are “moderately involved” by the respondents. One of the most encountered...
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...The Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) is an agency of the United States Department of Homeland Security, initially created by Presidential Reorganization Plan No. 3 of 1978 and implemented by two Executive Orders on April 1, 1979.[1][4] The agency's primary purpose is to coordinate the response to a disaster that has occurred in the United States and that overwhelms the resources of local and state authorities. The governor of the state in which the disaster occurs must declare a state of emergency and formally request from the president that FEMA and the federal government respond to the disaster. FEMA also provides these services for territories of the United States, such as Puerto Rico. The only exception to the state's gubernatorial declaration requirement occurs when an emergency and/or disaster takes place on federal property or to a federal asset, for example, the 1995 bombing of the Alfred P. Murrah Federal Building in Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, or the Space Shuttle Columbia in the 2003 return-flight disaster. While on-the-ground support of disaster recovery efforts is a major part of FEMA's charter, the agency provides state and local governments with experts in specialized fields and funding for rebuilding efforts and relief funds for infrastructure by directing individuals to access low interest loans, in conjunction with the Small Business Administration. In addition to this, FEMA provides funds for training of response personnel throughout the United States...
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...Edition Disasters and Development Disaster Management Training Programme GE.94-02894 Disasters and Development 2nd Edition Module prepared by: R.S.Stephenson, Ph.D. DHA Disaster Management Training Programme 1994 Disaster and Development This training module has been funded by the United Nations Development Programme in collaboration with the Office of the United Nations Disaster Relief Coordinator for the Disaster Management Training Programme (DMTP) in association with the University of Wisconsin Disaster Management Center. This material draws substantially on the work of Mary Anderson and Fred Cuny, and on United Nations Development Programme and World Bank Guidelines. The draft for this text was reviewed by Yasemin Aysan and Ian Davis, Oxford Polytechnic Disaster Management Centre and Gustavo Wilches-Chaux. Editorial services, including design, educational components and formatting, have been provided by InterWorks. Design consultation and desktop publishing have been provided by Artifax. Cover Photo: Destruction of a bridge by flood waters. VIZDOK photo The first edition of this module was printed in 1991. Utilization and duplication of the material in this module is permissible, however, source attribution to the Disaster Management Training Programme (DMTP) is required. 4 CONTENTS Introduction .................................................................................................... 7 The relationship between disasters and development...
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...an organization that is responsible in case of any natural disaster such hurricane, earthquake and floods. In a certain way I believe that this organization tends to be with Socialist foundations because all what they present is their help to a town, city or country they are not seen any color, race or religion they just help. When a crisis hits a nation, such as a natural disaster, certain economic systems are better equipped in handling public relief. Economic systems such have superiority over others because reason. Examples are found throughout history. Although a socialist system is often looked down upon and at one time even was the enemy, it has many benefits when it comes to dealing with a disaster like the 2010 earthquake that occurred in Haiti. Responding to a situation as such is easier because of a small geographical area but could also be complicated for so many factors for example; destruction was to such degree that was so difficult for the delivery of the proper emergency services. Socialism offers the best solution in handling this type of emergencies because they focus in nothing else but situation and as an economic system would it be the best system because the sharing is meant in an equal way. When we referred to a socialist system we may find that is more likely to have an easy and immediate control in an emergency situation and we can see those reactions in very resent natural disaster around the world. Taking a look back in time we saw situation...
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...Perspectives Disaster Management in South-east Asia Udai Bhanu Singh * According to the International Encyclopaedia of Social Sciences: South-east Asia is the epicentre of frequent disasters of varying intensity. The damage to life and property caused by these disasters is comparable to that caused by war. Disasters disrupt the national economy and social development. Besides, the world has shrunk and news about the hardship suffered by the people is rapidly disseminated. As such, the management of disasters has become a key concern of governments confronted with an increasingly aware civil society and a shorter reaction time. Often when disaster strikes, it impacts more than one country and sometimes the region as a whole. The intensity and the frequency of such disasters have prompted the ASEAN to evolve its own response mechanism. However, often the scale of the disaster is so huge that only an international response can meet the challenge. In such cases, the international community, acting through the United Nations and its various agencies and other inter-governmental and non-governmental bodies, has provided succour. Although disasters can be natural, technological and conflictrelated, this paper addresses only natural disasters in the region. A natural hazard is an extreme natural phenomenon that threatens human lives, activities or property, or the environment of life. Natural disasters are the destructive consequences of extreme natural hazards, and globally...
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...Congressional Charter and the Fundamental Principles of the International Red Cross Movement. It was created to provide relief to victims of disaster and help people prevent, prepare for, and respond to emergencies. The American Red Cross is a non profit organization founded in 1881 by Clara Barton to aid victims of fires, floods, and hurricanes. This charity, though they are congressionally chartered, does not receive federal funding. The main source of financial support is provided from the donations of many philanthropic organizations, people and corporations. Ninety-one cents from every dollar donated goes to humanitarian services and programs. Branches are located across the U.S. and internationally that provide relief to people suffering from the aftermath of disasters and war. Its human resources come predominately from volunteers willing to travel to disasters and offer assistance and to aid families searching for information on loved ones missing in time of disaster and abroad. “Today, in addition to domestic disaster relief, the American Red Cross offers compassionate services in five other areas: community services that help the needy; support and comfort for military members and their families; the collection, processing and distribution of lifesaving blood and blood products; educational programs that promote health and safety; and international relief and development programs.” The Red Cross is governed by a board of governors. The board consists of...
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