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Economics Homework Ii

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HOMEWORK II

Chapter 4, page 163, #8 A. a. Intercept Price t-Stat = -4516.3 / 4.988.2 = -0.90. Not significant b. Competitors Price t-stat = -3590.6 / 702.8 = -5.10. Significant c. Income t-stat = 777.1 / 66.4 = 11.70. Significant d. Population t stat = .40 / .31 = 1.29 Not significant e. Time t-stat = 356.1/92.3 = 3.85 Significant
If the T-stat of the variable is greater than 2 then it is significant, if less than 2, it is not significant
The regression model represents 93% of the total variation in pie sales based on the R2 number. B. EP = (20000 / 7.50) x (6.60 / 20000) = 0.88. If the price of pies increases by 1%, sales would fall by 0.88%.
Cross-price elasticity = (20000 / 2300) x (2298.71 / 20000) = 0.99. If the population decreases by 1%, the price would increase by 0.99% C. Q = 356.1 - 0.90(7.50) – 5.10(6.50) + 11.70(40) = 784.2 in sales growth per quarter D. 93% accurate for predicting sales this quarter. It is unknown how accurate it will be in the future as the variables may change and therefore, reliance on the variables would also change. E. With a 93% accuracy for predicting sales I would be very confident in predicting sales of pies nationally.
Chapter 5, page 208, #10
Q = L – L2 / 800
Cost of hiring an extra hour of labor = $20 per hour
P = $40 A. MPL = 40 – 2L
MRP L = 2(40 – 2L) = 80 – 4L
80 – 4L = 20
L = 15, so 15 hours of Labor should be used
Output = 15 – 152 / 800 = 0.1725 B. 80 – 4L = 50
L = 7.5, so 7.5 hours of Labor should be used, cutting the previous hours of labor in half
If the firm’s labor cost and output price increase by identical amounts, there would be no effect on the firm’s output.

C. If labor productivity increases by 25% over the next 5 years then the MCL and price become less effective factors on the optimal output. It would become worth it to the firm to employ more labor due to the increased level of productivity over a long period of time.

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