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Economy Shipping Company

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Economía Shipping Company (abreviado)
En la primavera de 1950, el controlador de Economía Shipping Company, ubicada cerca de Pittsburgh, estaba preparando un informe para el comité ejecutivo con respecto a la viabilidad de la reparación de una de las de empresa barcas de vapor o de reemplazar el barco de vapor con un nuevo barco con motor diesel.
El envío de la economía de la empresa se dedica principalmente en el transporte de carbón desde el minas cercanas a las fábricas de acero, servicios públicos y otras industrias en el área de Pittsburgh. La de la compañía de varios barcos de vapor también en ocasiones llevan cargas a lugares tan lejanos como Nueva Orleans.
Todos los barcos de propiedad de Economía eran generador de vapor. Todos eran por lo menos 10 años de edad, y la mayoría tenían entre 15 y 30 años de edad.
El barco de vapor el controlador estaba preocupado sobre el Conway, tenía 23 años y requiere rehabilitación inmediata o sustitución. Se estima que el Conway tenía una vida útil de otros 20 años, siempre que se hagan las reparaciones y el mantenimiento adecuados. El valor en libros de el Conway fue 39.500 dólares, pero el controlador cree que si la compañía vendió el barco en 1950, traería sólo alrededor de $ 25.000. Se estima que los costos de rehabilitación inmediatas para el Conway a ser $ 115.000. El controlador calcula que estos gastos generales de rehabilitación se extenderían la vida útil de la Conway durante unos 20 años.
Nuevas piezas de repuesto de otro barco, que se había retirado en 1948, estaban disponibles para su uso en la rehabilitación de la Conway. Si se utilizan estas piezas en el Conway, una estimación de su valor razonable fue $ 43,500, el cual era su valor en libros. El uso de estas partes tendría el efecto de disminuir la inmediata los costos de rehabilitación de $ 115.000 a $ 71.500. Se creía que si estas piezas se vendieron en el mercado que iban a traer sólo alrededor de $ 30.000. No podían ser utilizados en cualquiera de los otros Economía
Los barcos de vapor de envío.
En la actualidad, el Conway fue operado por una tripulación de 20. costos de operación anuales para el 20- tripulación persona se muestran en la Tabla A.
El controlador calcula que el coste de desmontar y desechar el Conway al final de su vida útil después de la revisión sería compensado por el valor de la chatarra y piezas utilizadas retirado del barco. Costos de la Tabla A Operativo Anual para el Conway y su tripulación
Salario
$ 110,200
Vacaciones y prestaciones monetarias de enfermedad
1880
Pagos a la seguridad social
2400
Seguro de vida
1800
Suministros Economato
15420
Reparaciones y mantenimiento
24400
Combustible
34.500
Servicio y suministros diversos
12550
Total
$ 203,150
Una alternativa a la rehabilitación del barco de vapor fue la compra de un barco con motor diesel. La
Quapelle Company, un fabricante de barco local, citó el precio de 325.000 dólares para un barco de diesel. Un adicional de $ 75.000 para un inventario de las piezas básicas sería necesario para dar servicio a un barco de diesel, y tal inventario sería suficiente para dar servicio a un máximo de tres barcos diesel. Si cuatro o más motores diesel eran comprar, sin embargo, se estimó que sería necesario un inventario de piezas de repuesto adicionales.
La vida útil de un barco con motor diesel se estimó en 25 años; al final de ese tiempo el barco sería desguazado o completamente rehabilitado a un costo aproximado de un nuevo barco.
El controlador no contemplaba la posibilidad de sustitución del motor diesel durante los 25 años la vida, la experiencia ya la información de otras empresas que han limitado con con motor diesel barcas no indican que tales costes necesarios para ser anticipados. Una revisión general de la motores, que cuestan $ 60,000 a los precios actuales, serían, sin embargo, se espera que cada 10 años.
Previa consulta a la Empresa Quapelle y otras compañías que operan con motor diesel barcos, el regulador estima que los costos anuales de operación de un barco tal totalizarían $ 156,640 (ver
Tabla B).
Costos de la Tabla B Operativo Anual para un barco con motor diesel
Los salarios de un equipo de 13 personas
$ 77.300
Vacaciones y prestaciones monetarias de enfermedad
1320
Pagos a la seguridad social
1680
Seguro de vida
1170
Suministros Economato
10020
Reparaciones y mantenimiento

21700
Combustible
28800
Servicio y suministros diversos
14650
Total
$ 156.640

Excluyendo posible revisión a fondo de los motores diesel
A pesar de que el controlador de envío de la economía no se había considerado el asunto, al final de la año veinte del barco diesel tendría un valor realizable de $ 32,500 y el inventario de las piezas,
37.500 dólares.
Otro factor que el controlador estaba considerando en este momento era usos alternativos de los fondos. En la primavera de 1950, Economía tenía suficientes fondos para comprar cuatro barcos con motor diesel; sin embargo, hay eran los usos alternativos para esos fondos. Los otros proyectos de la gestión estaba considerando en este momento tenido un retorno estimado de al menos el 10% después de impuestos. La tasa de impuesto sobre la renta en el momento fue del 48%.

¿Cuáles son los flujos de efectivo relevantes asociados a cada alternativa y en qué año es lo que ocurrir? Para simplificar los cálculos, utilice el método de línea recta de depreciación. También, hacer que el siguientes supuestos:
1.
El barco de diesel, si adquirió, sería vendido al final del año veinte.
2.
El inventario de piezas para el barco diesel puede ser depreciado a efectos fiscales durante un período de 25 años.
3.
El casco del diesel (265.000 dólares) se amortiza en un período de 25 años para efectos fiscales y los motores de más de un período de 10 años.
4.
El costo del libro de Conway, incluidos los gastos de rehabilitación, se depreció durante un período de 20 años si se elige la rehabilitación.
5.
El valor residual de $ 32,500 para el barco de diesel en el año 20 no asume ninguna revisión de los motores en el año 20

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