...February 2014 Rocket History and exploring the future My prewriting strategies I used were, research, and outline. My audience are teenagers and adults. My tone for this essay is being informative. My thesis is, although man has created many things, rockets are one of the greatest creations. My purpose for this essay is to educate people on the history of rockets, and I wanted to express why it is one of the greatest creations man has created. The horse and buggy were used to discover uncharted territories and now we are using rocket to explore the uncharted parts of space. This essay discusses the history of rocket fuel, past explorers of space, and the future opportunities in space. Although man has created many things, rockets are one of the greatest creations. Rocket fuel has changed drastically over many years, the first documented rocket was by the Chinese in the fourteenth century, and its fuel was black powder (“History of rockets- Spread of Rocket Technology”). This was the start of something big. Later in history, in the year 1261, Roger Bacon perfected the formula for the rocket; instead of just using gun powder he added saltpeter, carbon, and sulfur (“History of rockets- Spread of rocket technology”). By perfecting the formula he increased performance by staggering numbers. As people continued to experiment with rocket, a man named Robert Godard, invented a rocket that ran on liquid fuel, this was a big step for rocketry, his rocket only flew 41 feet...
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...Environmental PE Identify areas of environmental concerns. Rest areas - ensure that the rest areas are policed up properly to include trash, cigarette butts, and human waste if facilities are not present at designated rest stops. Water pollution - ensure HW is not introduced into aforementioned wetlands, winding streams, or Yukon River. Policing and proper disposal of all operational trash and pyrotechnic dunnage. Survey areas for UXO. Ensure proper preventive environmental posture IAW federal, state, local, & international laws concerning vehicle maintenance and refueling. Ensure all mess, and field sanitation HW is properly secured and disposed of IAW all applicable regulations. Identify mission related environmental risks. The mission related risks for this operation include: Fuel and refueling leaks Vehicle fluid leaks Soldier’s garbage Human waste Mess waste Sanitary waste UXOs Operational waste (pyro, boxes, papers) Identify potential effects of environmental factors on missions and operations Environmental factors that may affect the mission include: Weather. Reported to not be a concern, but weather can take unexpected turns Wetlands. Soft water laden soil can be hazardous to heavy vehicles and machinery due to sinking soil which can swallow people and vehicles or cause damage and vehicle wrecks. Rivers and streams. Always dangerous, can lose vehicles and lives to rivers and streams...
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...1 Hughie E. Butler COMM/105 September 24, 2012 2 On December 17, 1903 Orville Wright took the first sustained flight of a machine. This feat started the race what is todays Aviation world. In todays world of Aviation, Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV), Stealth Fighters and massive cargo and airline jets are a thing of the norm. Being a part of the Aviation world, I have seen many variations of all the above. From single seat T-38 Trainer Jets to the Airbus 480, they come in all sizes in shapes with one thing in common, powered flight. Thrust is the essential component for the air vehicle to leave the hold of gravity closest to the Earth. Gravity is equal to 9.8 meters/second. This means that the center of an object in relativity to the center of the Earth has a force equal to 9.8 meters of force. As you move further away from Earths center or, Gravitational Pull, the force becomes lesser. For instance, at 1000KM above the surface you force becomes 7.33 m/s and at 5000KM force is 5.68 m/s. A jet engines thrust is what forces the mass or Air Vehicle away from the earths surface causing the effect of “lift off”. Thats just the tip of the iceberg. Flight characteristics is what keeps an air vehicle in “sustained flight”. Lift, pitch, yaw, and roll are the key factors within these characteristics. Newtons third law states that forces always come in equal and opposite pairs. When the...
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...Chongwen Yang Robin Stewart AE 20C 2015/1/15 Movie Essay Teamwork is an action that several people do a specified work instead of doing by one single individual. With the help of teamwork, every team member has an appointed goal to focus on in order to increase the efficiency of whole work. The movie October Sky , which is directed by Joe Johnston, shows the teamwork of 4 high school students who become inspired to learn how to build rockets and get success in the National Science Fair. The main character Homer dreams of launching a rocket ,which obeys his father's wish as being a miner in a mining town called Coalwood. His high school teacher Miss Riley encourages Homer to follow his heart and do his best to finish his yearning rocket. At the end, Homer and his team win the prize and get college scholarships. In the real life, teamwork is also important to be applied to solve many problems. A few years ago, my friends and I worked on a group project about photosynthesis. We were required to research how photosynthesis worked and made data report. So 2 team members worked on recording the data, and another team member and I worked on finding the theory of photosynthesis from books and internet. Because of appropriate arrangement of every member's work, we finished the project very quickly. In conclusion, teamwork is necessary to people's daily lives. There are three benefits of teamwork: teamwork can make...
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...SIXTH GRADE BOTTLE ROCKET LAB THIRD TRIMESTER LAB REPORT Objective: During the completion of this activity, you will demonstrate science processing skills, an ability to use technological design, and an ability to identify factors that affect motion and forces. Background Information: Bottle rockets are excellent devices for investigating "Newton's Three Laws of Motion": 1st Law - A rocket will remain on the launch pad until an unbalanced force is exerted, propelling the rocket upward. 2nd Law - The amount of force depends upon how much air is pumped inside the rocket. You can increase the force further by adding a small amount of water, which increases the mass expelled by the air pressure in the rocket. 3rd Law - Finally, the action force of the air (and water) as it rushes out of the nozzle creates an equal and opposite reaction force propelling the rocket upward. Ask a Question? How can pressurized water and a soda bottle be used to build a rocket? Form a Hypothesis If a bottle rocket is filled with XXX ml of water using XXX psi of applied pressure, then it should reach an altitude of XXX meters. Water LevelLESS THAN 1000ml | PressureLESS THAN80 PSI | AltitudeLESS THAN300 Meters | Procedure Materials 2 L Soda Bottle with cap Foam Board Modeling Clay Poster Board Duct Tape Scissors Water Bucket Rocket Launcher Altimeter *Remove or add materials that do/do not apply to “your” experiment.* Conduct an Experiment 1. Using only the materials listed...
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...Drafting an Essay Among all the different technologies in use today, I believe unmanned vehicles have the most promise and beneficiary outcome. Unmanned vehicles are defined as aerial or ground vehicle able to sustain a flight path or guided ground path without the need of onboard crew, human pilot, or driver. Since the first recorded use of an unmanned vehicle for war fighting in 1849 by the Austrians, the technology has proven to be useful in many area such as; wildlife monitoring, agriculture mapping, thermal infrared power line surveys, law enforcement, telecommunications, weather monitoring, aerial imaging/mapping, television news coverage, sporting events, moviemaking, Environmental monitoring, oil and gas exploration, and freight transport. Today we have updated the designs and improved the technology so much and will continue to do so. With the growing use of unmanned vehicles it is predicted it could result in more than 34,000 manufacturing jobs and more than 70,000 new jobs in 3 years. “As new jobs are created, additional money is spent at the local level, creating additional demand for local services, which in turn, creates even more jobs (i.e., grocery clerks, barbers, school teachers, home builders, etc.). These indirect and induced jobs are forecast and included in the total jobs created.” Though the economic benefits will not be distributed evenly. The predicted revenues from the top 10 states in terms of job creation and additional revenue as production of...
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...Jet Green Airways Solution and Explanations We now describe Jet Green’s cost structure as follows (at least that part of Jet Green’s costs that relate to flights between Minneapolis and Atlanta). I. Costs that vary strictly with the number of passengers: Food, beverages and ticket processing $26 Fuel $20 Baggage handling $10 Total $56 per passenger II. Costs that vary strictly with the number of one-way flights Landing and takeoff fees $ 5,000 Flight crew salaries $12,000 Fuel: $2,000 + $9,600 $11,600 Baggage handling $ 5,000 Maintenance $ 6,000 Total $39,600 per flight III. Costs that vary strictly with the number of aircraft Lease of aircraft $70,000 Maintenance $10,000 Total $80,000 per aircraft per week IV. Costs that vary strictly with the number of gates Gate rental $8,000 per gate per week Abstracting from the details contained in the above tabulation, Jet Green’s cost structure can be succinctly described by the following cost equation: Total cost per week of the Minneapolis/Atlanta segment = $ (56)(number of passengers flown per week) + (39,600)(number of one-way flights per week) + (80,000)(number of aircraft leased per week) + (8,000)(number of gates rented per week) You should interpret the above cost structure as follows. If the number of flights, the number of aircraft, and the number...
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...German physicist, mathematician Publications: The Rocket into Planetary Space (1923) Remembered for: One of the fathers of rocketry and astronautics, along with Tsiolkovsky and Goddard. Quotation: "To make available for life every place where life is possible. To make inhabitable all worlds as yet uninhabitable, and all life purposeful." A Closer Look: Herman Oberth grew up in the country of Romania. As a young man, Oberth got scarlet fever and was sent to Italy to recover. While there, he read Jules Verne's "From the Earth to the Moon." He became intrigued with the concept of space travel and concluded that liquid-fueled rockets could be developed. By the age of 14, Oberth envisioned what he termed a "recoil rocket" that could propel itself through space by expelling exhaust gases from its base....
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...“It is difficult to say what is impossible, for the dream of yesterday is the hope of today and the reality of tomorrow.” This phenomenal quote was stated by none other than the legendary Robert Goddard. The father of modern rockets was born on October, 5, 1882 in Worcester, MA in the United States of America and passed on August, 10, 1945 in Baltimore Maryland. Who knew that one man could influence the whole world in a single lifetime. During his lifetime he had plenty of significant accomplishments. His first significant accomplishment by 1926 Robert Goddard had successfully put together and tested the first rocket using liquid fuel. The first flight of the rocket was March, 16, 1926 at Auburn, Massachusetts. This was A triumph time...
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...Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVS), also known as drones, are aircraft either controlled by ‘pilots’ from the ground or following a pre-programmed mission. While there are dozens of different types of drones, they basically fall into two categories: those that are used for exploration and surveillance purposes and those that are armed with missiles and bombs. Frontline reports that since September 11, 2001, the number of drones in the U.S.’s military arsenal has expanded from 60 to more than 6,000, with President Obama making unprecedented use of these robotic warriors. The purpose of this paper will be to draw attention to the pros and cons of the U.S Military using drones. The use of drones has grown quickly in recent years because unlike manned aircraft they can stay aloft for many hours, they are much cheaper than military aircraft and they are flown by remote control so there is no danger to the flight crew. Drones strikes have taken out some of Al-Qaeda's most notorious figures, including American-born cleric Anwar al-Awlaki. UAVs are made at a significantly lower cost compared to manned vehicles. Although, they can get pretty expensive depending on their sophistication; this should allow the military to buy UAVs in much larger quantities than manned aircrafts. Expendability, you can afford to send them into heavily defended areas and risk losing some without endangering a pilot. UAVs are more maneuverable than manned planes without the limitations of a human pilot. They...
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...observers felt that we were devoting too many of our resources to increasing an already affluent volume of private consumption and too little for public services, including space-flight programs. In early 1970, NASA initiated extensive engineering, design, and cost studies of a space shuttle. These studies covered a wide variety of concepts ranging from a fully reusable manned booster and orbiter to dual strap-on solid propellant rocket motors and an expendable liquid propellant tank. Each concept evaluated development risks and costs in relation to the suitability and the overall economics of the entire system. On January 5, 1972, President Richard M. Nixon announced that NASA would proceed with the development of a reusable low cost space shuttle system. NASA and its aerospace industry contractors continued engineering studies through January and February of 1972; finally on March 15, 1972, NASA announced that the shuttle would use two solid propellant rocket motors. The decision was based on information developed by studies that showed that the solid rocket system offered lower development cost and lower technical risk. On September 17, 1976, the first orbiter spacecraft,...
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...Juan Perez English 7-8 10 November 2013 A Quantum Leap in Weaponry Philosopher Jean Baudrillard once said, “Deep down, the United States, with its space and technological refinement, its bluff good conscience, even in those spaces which it opens up for simulation, is the only remaining primitive society.” No matter how much we advance technologically we will always depend on our primitive instincts. Since the beginning of humanity people have been fighting with each other. As humans evolved so did the weapons that were used. Humans have gone from throwing stones at their enemies to sending missiles half way across the globe. As our technology advances, the innovations get applied to our weapons systems, which in turn make them more efficient and effective. Since the beginning of time, man has had a necessity to accomplish things, some things were simpler than others. When things got difficult man figured out how to use whatever he could find to help accomplish his goals. These items were later known as tools. Primitive tools were made out of wood, bone, and stone (Smithsonian 15). These were the most common materials at the time. However when the time came to defend ourselves these tools became weapons. At first weapons were jagged pieces of materials, such as pieces of broken bone, broken wood and jagged rocks. These tools were held in the palm of the hand (Smithsonian 18). Eventually the tools were shaped and tied to make handling more efficient, as well as to eliminate...
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...Jarod Remillard Mrs. Christina Cavoli Writing 101s 16 April 2015 Impact of Laser Guided Bombs on Modern Day Military Since the dawning of military aviation, men have attempted to bombard their enemy from the air. At first it was an ineffective method of combat due to varied and numerous problems. The first aircraft designed did not have the proper lift capable of carrying any sizable payload, as well as not having adequate sights to properly aim the munitions. Aircraft design advanced and with it came the increased use of missiles and bombs. One of the major advancements in aircraft munitions was the development of the “smart” bomb and “smart” munitions. Advancements in the design and use of smart bombs and smart munitions have greatly increased the military's ability to accurately strike their targets. Militaries now have the ability to strike a target from many miles away, while doing so with outstanding precision, lethality on threat, and highly destructive power. During World War II it took a lot more personnel, planes, and bombs to accomplish what just one smart bomb can accomplish today. One of the major technologies used in smart bombs is the tracking system or guidance system. The guidance system typically uses either a laser system or a satellite system. With the use of the LASER guidance system the bomb can be dropped and will track its target, whether by a laser fired from the platform dropping the bomb, or by friendly personnel painting the target with an...
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...Last month, everyone helped to lift Liam, a lanky member of the team, to a dense aspen tree to retrieve a wayward rocket that was stuck at 35 ft. He gradually made his way up and used a fishing rod to pry the tangled parachute off the branches. A lot had happened before a group of a dozen kids ended up in a windy cornfield north of Boston. For four years, I was on MIT Lincoln Lab’s Team America Rocketry Challenge team, two as the captain. A nationwide competition, TARC focuses on designing, simulating, building, and testing rockets to meet specific mission objectives (e.g., apex, flight time, payload retrieval). To share my enthusiasm for rocketry, I established a TARC team at my school during the junior year. A lot of convincing and collaboration...
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...Nebraska: The terrorist would fly into Omaha, Nebraska and proceed to Silver Spur Ranches in Minatare, NE to begin his contamination. From there he would head to Krebs Ranch in Gordeon, NE and then Spade Ranch just south from there to complete his mission. The following graphic shows his respective route. Wyoming: The terrorist would fly into Denver, Colorado and proceed to Silver Spur Ranches in Encampment, WY to begin contamination. From there he would proceed north to Q Creek Ranch to finish the mission. The following graphic shows his respective route. Upon completion of the 3 days of contamination, the expected immediate effect would be approximately 1,000-3,000 cattle depending on the rate of transmission to other cattle. Those cattle infected in the first two days would already begin to show signs of the disease . The first week impact would likely spread to 20% of cattle on each of those ranches. The exact number of cattle on all ranches targeted is unknown but the number would be well over 2 million cattle. So, with 20% of cattle now infected by FMD in the first week the number of cattle infected has gone from 1,000 to 400,000. The disease would likely be noticed within the first week, but if the infected cattle were not separated quickly enough, the disease would continue to spread. In the first month, the approximate percentage would fall anywhere from 20% (first week impact) to 80% of cattle on those ranches being infected. This means anywhere from 400,000...
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