...NGO Promoted Microcredit Programs and Women's Empowerment in Rural Bangladesh Introduction: Nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) in rural Bangladesh are reaching out to poor women with collateral-free credit programs aimed at both alleviating poverty and increasing women's status. The present study investigated the hypothesis that participation in credit-related activities by NGO credit members leads to greater empowerment of credit members compared to nonmembers. Objectives: To measure the status of empowerment of rural women (both members and non members of the micro-credit organization) in the selected areas To ascertain the factors related to empowerment of women and To assess the role of the micro-credit organizations in empowering rural women in Bangladesh The main objective in this paper was to determine the important factors that contribute to women’s economic success in microcredit programs Women Empowerment: Empowerment refers to increasing the spiritual, political, social or economic strength of individuals and communities. It often involves the empowered developing confidence in their own capacities. empowerment of women, also called gender empowerment, has become a significant topic of discussion in regards to development and economics. Entire nations, businesses, communities, and groups can benefit from the implementation of programs and policies that adopt the notion of women empowerment.[1] Empowerment is one of the main procedural concerns when addressing...
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...Empowerment the process of giving power of authority to the powerless. Empowerment of women is a process through which women in general and poor women in particular get the opportunity to join the workforce and contribute to family income and interfere on family as well as social affairs. Empowerment of women in Bangladesh Empowerment of women in Bangladesh Women’s position in the past: In past women were segregated from out of home productive work. They were kept within the four walls. The hearth became the place for them. So cooking, cleaning, washing, giving birth and rearing children became their jobs. Men became the wage earners and all other activities became their responsibilities. In Bangladesh position of the women is very humiliating. Women are the worst suffers. Cause of dis-empowerment there are many reasons of dis-empowerment of women in Bangladesh. Of them the following reasons are the most important. (i) Economic reasons (ii) socio-culture and religious reasons (i) Economic causes: Majority of the women of our country haven’t any economic freedom. From their till death they depend on men. Though many of the women specially the rural women perform the job of rearing ducks and hens, post-harvest activities etc. nobody gives any credit for them. They are regarded as liability of the family. Until and unless they will be given economic freedom , women’s empowerment will not be possible. (ii) Socio-culture and religious causes: In Bangladesh women...
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...Empowering the RMG girl Over the past three decades the Readymade Garment (RMG) sector has become crucial to Bangladesh’s economy. According to the WTO, Bangladesh became the fourth largest RMG producing country in the world after China, EU-27 and Turkey while it has been the largest exporter of cotton T-shirts and the second largest exporter of cotton pullover and jeans for the European Union. Also, Bangladesh’s exports of cotton trousers in the USA ranked second by volume. The RMG sector contributes a staggering 78 per cent of Bangladesh’s foreign exchange earnings, keeps many associated service businesses going and provides employment to millions of workers, approximately 80 per cent of whom are women, who otherwise would be hard pressed to find wage labour. Looking into many scientific studies and popular discourses, it is an undeniable fact that the Bangladeshi women workers in the RMG industries in the era of globalisation are absolutely deprived of their labour rights, vividly manifested in the country’s labour law. It is equally significant that a large number of industrial reserve army entered in the formal labour force, who otherwise would have lived unemployed or underemployed. This is why one important debate among the policymakers, academics and the experts is whether the rural, migrant workers who enter the new manufacturing factories in ‘Majority World’ countries experience significant changes in their lives. From the economic point of view there is no doubt that...
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...Live in Field Experience(LFE) Spring -2013 TMSS,BOGRA Education & Women Empowerment Submitted by Gazi mohammad kamrul Islam ID 0910016 Date: 03rd ,February, 2013 To K.M. Ariful Kabir Department of Engineering Independent University, Bangladesh Subject : Submission of Report on “Education and women empowerment” Dear Sir, With due respect, I am submitting our Report on the topic titled “Education and women empowerment” as a partial fulfillment of my LFE course. It’s my pleasure to inform you that we have already finished our report in a reput.It was undoubtedly an interesting opportunity for us to work on this assigned topic to enhance our knowledge in the practical field. I would like to give you thanks Our instructor K.M Ariful Kabir, Marzuk sir and also sameer sir,who have been influenced on us throughout the project and help us with all the problem,and giving us to the opportunity to do the study. This report explores our knowledge and help me to gather experience and to know the village peoples. This report has been prepared based on the practical experiences and different ideas obtained during survey in Rajakpur of Bogra..And I used secondary data to fulfill our report, which we have been attached to our report. And last thanks IUB to give us a good opportunity to know village people. And thanx also our monitor...
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...Globalization and its impact on women rights and empowerment Course Title Development Economics Course Code F-210 Submitted To AlfarunnaharRuma Lecturer Dept. of Economics Submitted By Group- 01 Session: 2010-2011 Finance & Banking JatiyaKabiKaziNazrul Islam University Trishal, Mymensingh Submission Date: 24 January 2013 Members of group one Serial No. | Name | ID Number | 01 | Md.DelowerHossain | 11132601 | 02 | MahimaAkter | 11132602 | 03 | PankazePadaBhoumik | 11132603 | 04 | MahmudulHasan | 11132604 | 05 | SadiqurSattarAkand | 11132605 | Globalization and its impact on women rights and empowerment INTRODUCTION In the 21st century, globalization has become the ‘Zeitgeist’ re-shaping different dimensions in life. Globalization also affects women’s rights and its overall impact on women has become a critical agenda in gender-related studies. In an attempt to empirically investigate this argument, much of the literature focuses on the effects of economic integration on women’s economic activities. These studies look into the impact of globalization on women through an angle of traditional trade theory, comparative advantage and competition, thus analyzing whether economic integration could create more employment opportunities for women and increase their wages. This focus on economic integration and women’s employment raises the question of how certain types of economic reform affect particular forms of women’s rights and welfare. It is not surprising to observe...
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...Nutritional Status & Agricultural Growth in Economic Development of Bangladesh Introduction Bangladesh faces an unfinished agenda with regard to nutrition. Child under nutrition rates remain among the highest in the world. Infant stunting and underweight rates in Bangladesh are above those in Sub-Saharan Africa (50% vs. 30% for underweight and 50% vs. 40% for stunting) despite the latter’s higher poverty rates. A key underlying factor, maternal malnutrition remains intractable despite efforts to improve the nutritional status of pregnant women. Iron deficiency anemia affects nearly 50% of all pregnant and lactating women. A direct consequence of this is low birth weight, which affects 30-50% of all newborns. It limits children’s growth potential and increases their vulnerability to infectious diseases and non-communicable diseases later in life. It also damages their ability to learn and develop useful skills, which exposes them to poverty and further under nutrition. Bangladesh is thus characterized by a cycle of intergenerational poverty, ill-health and malnutrition. To-date, public sector investments to address this have had very little impact because they were limited in scale and scope. Malnutrition is a multi-dimensional problem requiring interventions that cut across sectorial boundaries. Sustained improvements in nutrition outcomes are achieved not only through improved food security, but also changes in behaviours and knowledge regarding dietary diversity, child...
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...Co-operatives Division 1.0 Introduction 1.1 About 70% people of Bangladesh live in rural areas. Without the development of this segment of the population the overall development of the country is not possible. In a developing economy like Bangladesh, for formulating policies for eradication of poverty it is very important to ensure equality between man and woman. Rural Development and Co-operatives Division is working intensively to eliminate poverty and to foster inclusive growth. This Division is also working to empower women economically and socially through women’s education, increasing funds, providing micro-credits and providing employment to women in business. Thus, women’s participation in economic growth is increasing every year and this is a prerequisite for sustainable development 1.2 Co-operatives are worldwide popular tools for poverty alleviation. To improve the status of poor people living in the rural areas, the Government of Bangladesh had setup the Rural Development and Cooperatives Division (RDCD) under the Ministry of Local Government, Rural Development and Cooperatives. RDCD expands rural development through related applied research with multi-purpose actions with poverty alleviation at the core. RDCD also provides opportunities for self-employment of rural people and human resource development. Poverty alleviation is one of the top priorities for the government and women’s development is a n integral part of it. For this reason, RDCD has...
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...Impact of changing bridal selection criteria on Women ' s empowerment in Bangladesh A Dissertation by Shegufta Yasmin I D 05362001 Approved hy: Supervisor: Dr. Ferdous Jahan Academic Coordinator BRAC Development Institute, BRAC University --------------Director Professor Syed M. Hashemi BRAC Development Institute BRAC University Acknowledgement 1. Shegufta Yasmin bearing ID 05362001 am expressing my heart full gratitude to Almighty Allah for giving me the capability to complete this dissertation successfully. Next I am cordially grateful to Dr. Ferdous Jahan. Development Studies Program, BRAC University for her sincere help to give me a chance to complete my dissertation. Without her support it was impossible for me to complete this dissertation. Abstract A woman I girl is usually it burden for it family in our country . Generally no mother or father feels happy if they give birth of a baby girl. Then and then they start to do worry for the baby if it is not have fair skin colour . Parents start thinking of its marriage . This is the scenario of it girl. An infant also has to suffer for her beauty. A girl's journey starts just after her birth . In it teenage a girl can understand her parent ' s tension for her marriage . She starts to suffer in inferiority complex or superiority complex for her complexion etc. Both are harmful . Its like a poison for it girl's mind that she thinks herself outcast only for her physical beauty . On the...
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...IRJALS (2013) Vol. 02 Issue. 04 Article No. 03 Full length Original Research Paper An assessment of women participation in farm household income: a study in some selected areas of Mymensingh district of Bangladesh S. Parveen1, M. R. Hossain1*, A. K. M. G. Kausar2, M. M. A. Shibli1, M. M. Rahhan3 and J. U. Ahmed4 1 Former 2 Former M.S. Students, Dept. of Agricultural Economics, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh M.S. Student, Dept. of Agribusiness and Marketing, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh 3 Former Student, Faculty of Agricultural Economics and Rural Sociology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh 4Associate professor, Dept. of Agricultural Economics and Policy, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet, Bangladesh *Corresponding authors e-mail: bestboyisrajib@gmail.com Article History Received: 4.8.2013 Accepted: 31.8.2013 Published: 15.11.2013 Key words: Women empowerment, Household income, Gender role ABSTRACT The present study attempted to make visible the participation of rural women in farm activities, their contribution in generating household income and decision making power. The study was conducted in two villages namely Monkanda and Char Shahpur under Fulpur upazila of Mymensingh district. A total of 60 sample farmers (20 small, 20 medium, 20 large farmers) were selected by using stratified random sampling method. A pre-tested interview schedule used to collect data from respondents...
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...Women Empowerment in Bangladesh A Study of the Village Pay Phone Program Linda Hultberg C-thesis 15 hp Media and Communication Studies Spring Term 2008 Supervisor Anders Svensson Examinator Kaj Granath School of Education and Communication (HLK) Jönköping University C-thesis 15 hp Media and Communication Studies Spring term 2008 Abstract Linda Hultberg Women Empowerment in Bangladesh A Study of the Village Pay Phone Program Number of Pages: 38 The purpose with this study is to find out how the mobile phone and the Village Pay Phone from Grameen Telecom have been implemented into women’s life in rural Bangladesh. It also aims to study how the women have become empowered by this program. The sample constitutes sixteen female owners. A purposeful cluster sampling was used to depict six villages from various parts of Bangladesh. When arriving in the villages a snowball sampling method was used to find female VPP owners. The sampling method was chosen to include a sample of various characteristics. The study has a hermeneutic phenomenological approach, which aims to find out how the women experience the VPP and what meaning the women put in it. To collect empirical data interviews with open questions were used that opened up for conversation and the possibility to understand a range of experiences and nuances of meanings. The findings indicate that the majority of the women handed over the VPP to their husband or a male relative. The reason why is the families’ pressure on them...
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...E-ISSN 2324-8041 Published by Redfame Publishing URL: http://ijsss.redfame.com Social Norms and Impediments of Women Development in Bangladesh Abul Kalam Lecturer in Sociology, Department of Economics, Bangladesh University of Business and Technology (BUBT)Mirpur-2, Dhaka, Bangladesh Correspondence: Md. KALAM, 32-44 Steinway Astoria, NY11103, United States. Received: January 11, 2014 doi:10.11114/ijsss.v2i2.365 Accepted: February 17, 2014 Available online: March 3, 2014 URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11114/ijsss.v2i2.365 Abstract This study focuses upon the contemporary process of Social Norms and Impediments of Women Development in Bangladesh. The development of women in organizations, Decision making, Political participation and gender mainstreaming is currently seen as the dominant conceptual model for promoting social justice and women equality. This study intends to see the position of women, discourses and various political, economic and social factors that surrounded these events. The impediments of women in Bangladesh were being pulled in different directions as a result, the context of social norms and gender inequality that existed at global, national, community and domestic levels. Child marriage is one of the main impediments of women empowerment and implementation of the government‟s vision-2021. In Bangladesh, the patriarchal capitalism puts women in such a position within their communities that they always remain subordinate under male domination...
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...Political Empowerment of Women: Comparative Study of South Asian Countries Amna Mahmood A South Asia is a home of variety of cultures, languages and religions. Here we can find a number of variations in customs, value systems and ways of life. But one thing is common among all the cultures and regions of South Asia that is gender discrimination. Women traditionally are considered subordinated to the male and this remained a prominent feature both in the rural and the urban areas. In urban areas a little improvement is due to enhanced level of education and economic independence in women. There is very less distinction of educated and uneducated as that of religion in this regard. The situation is improved with regard to political empowerment especially with the allocation of 33% seats in local government in South Asia but in most of the cases this change is not satisfactory. The real empowerment would be achieved only if it would be accompanied by the social and economic empowerment. For that purpose, society has to be changed at large. Such change cannot be materialized only through any coercive legislation or strong state action in the blink of an eye. But the fact remains there that in societies where all the changes start from top to bottom these measures along with a strong political will can stimulate a change to improve the situation gradually. This paper discusses the measures taken by different governments in South Asia to achieve the goal of political empowerment and participation...
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...Microcredit: Empowering women in Bangladesh Parveen Mahmud Manifold problems of women cannot be overcome only by small IGAs and credit support. A package programme consisting of leadership and managerial development, of rights and laws, of education, credit, income, health and reproductive issues seems to be appropriate for removing these problems and for stepping up women's position in the society. Presently in its wider dimension microcredit is known as microfinance and seen as a legitimate economic tool in the fight against poverty. It is very difficult for the poor to get small working capital from formal banking system for various reasons. A collateral free working capital loan is the requirement at the door steps of the poor at the right time to help them facilitate and start feasible intended income generating activities (IGAs). It is with this background that microfinance is seen as one of the significant approaches to poverty alleviation. Microcredit programme (MCP) in Bangladesh is women client based. Over 84 per cent of the MFI programme borrowers are women. As rural women have a higher propensity to save and a habit of repaying credit in time than rural men, MFIs have found a dependable client base in rural poor women. Interventions Government of Bangladesh (GOB): Like many other developing countries, the GOB has also undertaken a wide range of programmes spreading across sectors and ministries to create wage as well as self-employment opportunities, created...
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...Journal of Education for International Development 2.2 July 2006 THE GIRLS' STIPEND PROGRAM IN BANGLADESH Janet Raynor, University of London Institute of Education Kate Wesson, Open University, Milton Keynes Citation Raynor, Janet, Wesson, Kate (2006). The Girls’ Stipend Program in Bangladesh. Journal of Education for International Development 2:2. Retrieved from http://www.equip123.net/JEID/articles/3/Girls’StipendPrograminBangladesh.pdf on [insert month] [insert day], [insert year]. Abstract The Female Stipend Program (FSP) was created in 1982 in Bangladesh to help increase the enrolment and retention of girls in secondary schools. Implemented initially in six areas only, the program was so successful that it was extended in 1994. This paper, based on a desk study of the FSP for the Bangladesh office of the Department for International Development to evaluate the program’s effects, is particularly pertinent for other developing countries seeking to support girls’ education as part of the effort to meet EFA and Millennium Development Goals. Introduction Since its independence, Bangladesh has addressed girls’ education primarily as a means of readying girls for “enlightened motherhood.’ (Chanana, 1994) or to enter professions thought to be suited to women. The 1974 Qudrat-e-Khuda Education Commission Report asserted that ‘women’s education should be such as to be of help to them in their domestic life’, and stressed that subjects such as ‘child-care, the nursing of...
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...adopted by Syed Shamsul Huda, who was one of the most influential personalities in Calcutta. Under Syed Shamsul Huda's direction, Fazle Abed's father Syed Mustafa Ali and his three uncles received education from the prestigious St. Xavier's College, Calcutta. However Fazle Abed's family moved out of Calcutta and he matriculated from Pabna Zilla School and went on to complete his higher secondary education from Dhaka College. Then He left home to attend Glasgow University, where, and in an effort to break away from tradition and do something radically different - he studied Naval Architecture. Later he joined the Chartered Institute of Management Accountants in London. The 1971 Liberation War of Bangladesh had a profound effect on him, then in his thirties, a professional accountant who was holding a senior corporate executive position at Shell Oil. The war dramatically changed the direction of his life; he left his job and moved to London to devote himself to Bangladesh's War of Independence. There, he helped to initiate a campaign called "Help Bangladesh" to organize funds to raise awareness about the war in Bangladesh. Fazle Hasan Abed, the founder and chairperson of the world's largest NGO, he is to be knighted by the Queen of England for his services to alleviating poverty in Bangladesh and abroad. Abed is the first Bangladeshi to receive the honour since 1947, though he is the second person in his family to be knighted. In 1913 his great uncle, Justice Nawab Sir Syed Shamsul...
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