...DB Forum 3: Working with Individuals Clinton & Ohlschlager, 2002 identify five concepts/approaches in working with individuals. They are as follows: (1) Circular over Linear Causality; (2) Family Homeostasis and the Identified Problem; (3) Family Roles; (4) Family Secrets, Myths, and Lies; (5) Family Triangles According to Clinton & Ohlschlager, 2002, the importance of a system approach began in the 1930’ and 1940’s when “mathematicians and engineers developed systems concepts to apply to the increasing complexity and demand of their work. Then in the 1950’s and 1960’s, general systems theory became the basis for computer development and caused that technological field to mushroom. Interdisciplinary thinkers and scientists in the 1960’s and 1970’s began to transfer these concepts to the living world. In 1968, a biologist named von Bertalanffy and in 1972 an anthropologist-ethnologist named Bateson took systems concepts and applied them for the first time to human interaction process. Now instead of looking only at the historical facts and inner dynamics related to a person’s problems, we look at the pattern of transactions going on among family members and the world around them” (p.522-523). Clinton & Ohlschlager, 2002 identify six schools of thought regarding family therapy (p.529-533). The school of thought that I closely align myself with regarding family therapy is the Behavioral approach. It “is among the more recent approaches to family therapy, due...
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...Biblical Counseling vs. Secular Counseling CCOU 201-D11 LOU: Introduction to Christian Counseling Xxxxx X. XXXXXXX L33333333 Liberty University 24 April 2013 There is a need for effective biblical counseling now more than ever. As the world progresses to the stages prophesized anarchy God’s people as well as lost souls need the appropriate direction in life. Crabb clearly states in his introduction that the purpose his book, Effective Biblical Counseling, is to incorporate the principles and aspects of Christian counseling into the local churches (Crabb, 1977, p. 13). The tenets outlined in the text apply sound Biblical doctrine in conjunction with advanced psychological techniques. The intent of this paper is to enable the reader to understand that “true healing” can only be experienced through a relationship with our Lord Jesus Christ, but also to parallel Biblical teaching with scientifically proven methods to counsel troubled individuals effectively. Individuals seek counseling for many reasons; they may be depressed, generally not happy with their status in life, or simply need to talk to with someone. One widely practiced form of psychotherapy that focuses in the humanistic approach of treatment is Roger’s Client-Centered Therapy (RCCT) is common among clients with the above listed issues. According to psychotherapists practicing RCCT, the desired end state or goal of every client is different so in addition to displaying a concern for that person, counselors...
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...Comparison Paper “Effective Biblical Counseling” By Dr. Larry Crabb Presented to Dr. Jaeduk Kim Liberty Baptist Theological Seminary Lynchburg, VA In partial fulfillment of the requirements for the course Theology and Spirituality in Counseling PACO 507-B02 By James E. Hulsey (ID#L24531662) AUGUST 31, 2013 TABLE OF CONTENTS I. Introduction………………………………………………………………………………...01 II. Summary…………………………………………………………………………………...02 III. Practical Application and Conclusion….............................................................................09 IV. References……………………………………………………………………………...….10 Comparison Paper “Effective Biblical Counseling: A Model for Helping Caring Christians become capable Counselors” By Dr. Larry Crabb I. Introduction Christian Counselors should always be looking for assistance with the development of higher levels of competency by examining the content, comprehensiveness, and validity of a variety of counseling theories developed by prominent Christian counselors.[1] Ron Hawkins teaches that “Christian counselor help people to see their problems and then see how to get of problems. Contributions by various Christian Counselor’s and authors like, Dr. Larry Crabb will equip other Christian counselors to help people solve the various problems...
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...Crabb PACO 507 Theology and Spirituality Counseling Susie N. McCoy Liberty University Dr. Max Mills Spring 2014 Comparison of Larry Crabb’s Book Effective Biblical Counseling This comparison paper will briefly evaluate Larry Crabb’s (1977) reflection, responses, and summary given in his book Effective Biblical Counseling: A Model for Helping Caring Christians Become Capable Counselors, Grand Rapids, MI: Zondervan. This comparison will reflect on Crabb’s (1977) four approaches to integrating the Bible and counseling, and his three levels of counseling models that can be integrated into the functioning of a local church. This study will explore that one must be a caring Christian in order to become a capable counselor and that any approach to counseling that is Biblical base will be successful among a body of believers in a local church setting. Crabb (1977) stated that since effective counseling requires both a caring attitude and an understanding heart of Christian love of human functioning, than the mature believers in the local churches need to be train in counseling insights and skills (p. 14). Summary: Crabb’s Theory/Methodology In his book Crabb (1977) offered three levels of counseling to be used in the local church. The first one that should be implemented is educating the believers of the local church with the strategies and method of biblical counseling. His second level is exhortation in counseling. He defined exhortation as the requirement...
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...Biblical Counseling: Compare and Contrast Secular Counseling Theories 1 The definition of counseling in Merriam-Webster’s Dictionary says “professional guidance of the individual by utilizing psychological methods especially in collecting case history data, using various techniques of the personal interview, and testing interests and aptitudes” (counseling. (n.d.). Merriam-Webster. Retrieved November 24, 2013, from http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/counseling ). Each person was brought into this world with brokenness, temptations and sin. We are all a work in progress and it takes daily reliance on Christ to overcome our challenges. However, we can trust that “being confident of this, that he who began a good work in you will carry it on to completion until the day of Christ Jesus.” (Phil 1:6) When someone seeks out counseling it’s usually for help in dealing with pain, hurt, depression, or seeking counsel about situations in their life that need to be addressed. The intent of this paper is to compare and contrast the parallel between Dr. Larry Crabb’s biblical model of teaching in Christian counseling theories with scientific proven methods to counsel and treat individuals with these secular counseling models Cognitive- Behavior Therapy (CBT), Rogers’ Client-Centered Therapy (RCCT), and Ellis’s Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy (REBT). Goal of Christian Counseling When looking at the accepted counseling standards, theories...
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...Theory Critique Two Najah Dail-Harris Liberty University Theory Critique Two Jay E. Adams the author of How to Help People change (1986) created a four step biblical approach to guiding the Christian Counseling process. Adams (1986) centers his biblical approach around the concept of change and derives his theory from Timothy 3:14-17. He believes “all Christian counselors must follow these words if they would help people change in ways that please God” (p.10). Adams (1986) also derives his Christian based theory from the Word and scripture itself. To become an effective Christian counselor, Adams (1986) believes counseling must come from the wisdom of God and the Holy Spirit. If a counselor is to impose change on a counselee one must be aware of the “change that is satisfactory to God, not merely socially good” (Adams, 1986, p.7). Adams (1986) four step biblical process includes: teaching, conviction, correction and disciplined training in righteousness. To prove effective, the process also must be done in that exact order just as the disciple Paul set out. The first step teaching involves the act of teaching counselees biblical principles for living, god’s standards for avoiding sin and teaching within the milieu. The next step conviction, involves “bringing conviction to counselees itself as a part of the ministry of word” (Adams, 1986, p108). Adam believes it important to have the counselee understand the root of their problem; which is sin and change their relationship...
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...Study Comparison of Biblical Counseling with Secular Counseling Theories Demetrius E. Hurt Liberty University CCOU 201 A Study Comparison of Biblical Counseling with Secular Counseling Theories In the world today issues surrounding mental illness are in the forefront of our healthcare systems, legal systems, social circles and yes, even in our churches. Though each of the aforementioned systems takes a different approach on how to tackle the problem of mental illness, one thing is for sure-the need for more qualified counselors is on the rise. Luckily, the counseling profession has grown and employs theories from the secular world as well as the religious world. Though the strategies and treatment goals may be different, both groups of counseling professionals work diligently to support those suffering from mental illness and bring them into a sense of well-being. To that end, the author of this paper will examine the theories and ideologies of both groups of counseling professionals, examine therapeutic remedies that are alike between the two and how they differ in the way they interact with clients and mental illness. The Goal of Christian Counseling The goal of any counseling professional is to assist the client with identifying skills and tools that will help them to achieve mental well-being. Each counselor no doubt uses a multifaceted approach with a wide menu of therapeutic options to achieve this goal. However, the Christian Counselor not only seeks to...
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...Theory Critique Two Najah Dail-Harris Liberty University Theory Critique Two Jay E. Adams the author of How to Help People change (1986) created a four step biblical approach to guiding the Christian Counseling process. Adams (1986) centers his biblical approach around the concept of change and derives his theory from Timothy 3:14-17. He believes “all Christian counselors must follow these words if they would help people change in ways that please God” (p.10). Adams (1986) also derives his Christian based theory from the Word and scripture itself. To become an effective Christian counselor, Adams (1986) believes counseling must come from the wisdom of God and the Holy Spirit. If a counselor is to impose change on a counselee one must be aware of the “change that is satisfactory to God, not merely socially good” (Adams, 1986, p.7). Adams (1986) four step biblical process includes: teaching, conviction, correction and disciplined training in righteousness. To prove effective, the process also must be done in that exact order just as the disciple Paul set out. The first step teaching involves the act of teaching counselees biblical principles for living, god’s standards for avoiding sin and teaching within the milieu. The next step conviction, involves “bringing conviction to counselees itself as a part of the ministry of word” (Adams, 1986, p108). Adam believes it important to have the counselee understand the root of their problem; which is sin and change their relationship...
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...As Christian counselors, it is vital for the long-term validation of our field of work to be respected by professional psychological institutions to provide empirical scientific studies of our treatment programs. Most of us will be lay counselors, some of us will move to become licensed in order to be allowed conduct professional counseling. However, professional psychological institutions base their counseling doctrine based upon empirical scientific research and study. Therefore, as Christian lay, and hopeful licensed Christian counselors it is imperative for us to also evaluate ourselves to the same standard as our professional psychological peers do as-well. To be able to prove that Christian counseling models are effective we must conduct...
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...Christian Clients’ Preferences Regarding Prayer As A Counseling Intervention Angela Whitworth Liberty University Summary Spirituality is becoming an important consideration in counseling for the client and for the mental health practitioners. Spiritual interventions, such as prayer, are being used more in the counseling sessions. With 80% of the United States population believing in God and the power of prayer, it is not surprising that many clients want religion and/or spirituality included in their counseling sessions. Some practitioners believe that it is appropriate to pray with their clients, but most providers believe that it is inappropriate. Currently, research is lacking in client expectations with regards to prayer being included in counseling. This study particularly surveyed Christian clients and their therapists. The therapists were chosen because they advertised themselves as Christian counselors. Two instruments were created, Prayer Survey and the Brief Therapist Prayer Survey. The Prayer Survey was for the client to complete to assist in determining their preference in regards to prayer to in counseling. The Brief Therapist Survey was used to find out about beliefs and prayer practices of the therapists. The therapist survey was also used to help determine if therapist factors are related to their client expectations. The study found that eighty-two percent of clients wished to have audible prayer in their counseling sessions. Those that were less likely...
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...Nadine Mooney December 12, 2014 Christian Counseling The goal of Christian Counseling, according to Dr. Crabb, is to become more like the Lord. Counseling can go down many roads, leaving patients with the “I want to feel good” feeling, or I want to be happy (Crabb, 1977, p. 22). However, in order to fully be happy or to feel good, you must put the Lord first, especially in counseling. The more I abide in Christ, the more I will enjoy the pleasures available in fellowship with God (happiness) (Crabb, 1977, p. 22). Crabb has found that through years of counseling, putting God first, and attempting to be more Christ like, are the only true ways to actually feel good and to feel happy (Crabb, 1977, p. 22). The Lord fills us with unspeakable joy and peace, so much more than anything the world offers (Crabb, 1977, p. 22). Finding happiness for the patients should never be the goal, being more like Christ, should be the goal (Crabb, 1977, p. 22). Counseling, is not only about putting God first, it also about being a trustworthy counselor. As a Christian counselor, what you believe, how you feel and act, what you do and don’t do, matter, a lot. You need to make sure you are building a counseling ministry that is full of caring (Clinton, Archibald, & Ohlschlager, 2005, p. 29). The counselor-client relationship is one of the most important pieces to the Christian Counseling puzzle, and without a client trusting you that puzzle winds up missing a huge amount of pieces...
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...Liberty University Baptist Theological Seminary A Paper Submitted to Dr. Marcus Tanner, LMFTA in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Course, Theology and Spirituality in Counseling PACO 507 - D05 Name of Student: John Santiago Student ID: L24473755 Class: PACO 507-D05 LUO Instructor’s Name: Dr. Marcus Tanner, LMFTA Date Submitted: 03/20/2014 Summary Dr. Crabb’s book “Effective Biblical Counseling: a Model for Helping Caring Christians Become Capable Counselors,” (Crabb, 1997), breaks problematic areas up into two categories. The first categories are those resulting from natural or physical causes. The second is composed mostly of problem that are essentially moral. It has been said by some and demeaned by others that Dr. Crabb has a somewhat unique approach to counseling. His Biblical counseling explained in his afore mentioned book and his first book, Basic Principles of Biblical Counseling, extols upon the basic parts and theories of his system, along with many changes in theology and he places an emphasis on his belief that, “. . . the most basic problem of every human being is his separation from God, a gulf made necessary by the fact that God is holy and we are not" (p. 17). Primary Goal: (What is the desired outcome?). Crabb first describes for us what he terms as; “Separate but equal” approach (Crabb, 1977). This approach representitive of those who would believe through Christ, “scripture deals with the spiritual and...
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...Psychology, Theology and Spirituality: Interdisciplinary Approach to Christian Counseling Morenike Oye Liberty University Psychology, Theology and Spirituality: Interdisciplinary Approach to Christian Counseling Summary McMinn (2011) uses this book to bring out the importance of the use of spirituality (as related to Christian faith) in psychological counseling. He describes the Christian Counselors as people who are highly trained in counseling theory and techniques, in theology, and are personally disciplined to mirror Christian attributes during and after counseling. (pg. 139) According to McMinn (2011), Christian Counselors face the challenges of knowing the techniques of spiritual formation, inability to learn spiritual passion, and devotion so as not be handicapped in bringing religious issues to counseling and therapeutic session (p.39). This is because training and competency in the field of psychology and theology can be evidenced, but understanding spirituality cannot be evidenced. This will continue to be a challenge because we can never be spiritually competent. Another challenge is the link between the counselors personal and professional life and worldview as it affects the clients’ level of spirituality, believes and worldview. He states that Christian counselors are faced with the problem of expanded training. They must go beyond the level of professional training to personal training because other factors such...
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...in group counseling. This author will define what group ethics is according to the psychological organizations such as the American Counseling Association (ACA), and the Association of Specialist in Group Work (ASGW). This author will also address what the American Association of Christian Counselor (AACC) has to say about the ethical standards for Christian Counseling. To effectively practice ethically group therapy a counselor needs to internalize the morals, values, and behavioral makeup of each individual within the group. This paper will also look at the comparison between group and individual psychotherapy and why a counselor will choose between the two. The group processes in both individual and group psychotherapy are a positive catalyst for personal growth within the individual psyche. Whereas group therapy tends to address interactional and interpersonal, individual therapy usually looks at the intra-psychic. Group therapy has been proven to have effective treatment benefits in the treatment with various psychological and personal problems. The final section will address the ethical challenges this author may face and her biblical perspective in counseling, her personal leadership qualities and her personal approach to group counseling. Counseling in our society has gone through multiple changes in the recent years. More individuals are looking into receiving support and guidance in the way of group counseling. Due to the increase in counseling theories...
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...many of our problems in life are simply the way we interpret our experiences. People who can have positive feelings towards situations are able to cope with their problems in a healthy way. And people who negatively view their experiences are more likely to fight guilt, resentment and anxiety. This is where counselors come in, for simple problems the counselor can just be a friend they do not need to be a professional simply someone who can listen and help sort out life experiences and offer simple advice. However, for the larger problems a professional counselor is needed. Dr. Crabb wrote Effective Biblical Counseling in an attempt to bridge the gap between psychology and religion, to use the principles and theories of psychology to enhance the practice of Biblical counseling (Crabb, 1977). Christian counseling is seen separately from secular counseling because Christian counseling relies upon Biblical concepts that are not recognized or used by secular counselors. These concepts are redemption and sanctification in Christ and the role of the Holy...
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