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Effects of Broken Family in the Academic Performance

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KAUGNAY NA LITERATURA Sabi ni Van Slyke, 1999 na isa sa mga nakaka-apekto sa mabisang pakikinig ay ang “emosyunal na estado at eksternal na ambala” na kung saan ang pagkakalubog sa kung ano mang karanasang pangka-salukuyan ay nakakapagdudulot ng hadlang sa pakikinig. Habang ang pangkapaligirang ingay at mga galaw na humuhuli sa atensyun ng tagapakinig ay isang malaking impluewensya na nakakaapekto sa pagkakaroon ng mabisang pakikinig. Ayun naman kay Dweyer, 2012 sa kanyang teorya sa kumunikasyon na ang “noise o ingay” ay isang bagay na nakaka-ambala sa indibidwal o nakaka-apekto sa proseso ng kumunikasyon. Ayun kay Dweyer na ang ingay ay nakaka-ambala sa panatag na daloy ng kumunikasyon sa pagitan ng tagapagsalita at tagapakinig at malamang na mapunta sa hindi pagkakaunawaan.
Sinasabi naman sa bibiia sa II TIMOTEO 4:3 na “Sapagka't darating ang panahon na hindi nila titiisin ang magaling na aral; kundi, pagkakaroon nila ng kati ng tainga, ay magsisipagbunton sila sa kanilang sarili ng mga gurong ayon sa kanilang sariling mga masasamang pita; ” Sinasabi dito na ang pagkakawalang interes ng mga tagapakinig sa dahil sa atensyon ay nabubuntong sa ibang bagay.

Sabi naman ni Judi Brownell, “Listening Environment: A Perspective,” na may dalawang karaniwan na hadlang sa konsentrasyon ito ay isa pagka sentro sa sarili at kakulangan sa pagganyak.
Ukol naman kay Clark, 1989 na ang mga taong may tiwala sa sarili ay nakikinig at nakakaintindi ng mas mabuti sa niloloob ng minsahe kaysa sa mga taong kulang ang tiwala sa sarili.
KAUGNAY NA PAG-AARAL Ayun kay Borisoff & Hahn, 1997 na gumawa ng pananaliksik noong 1980 na “Men less adept and less attuned to the nonverbal nuances that enable one interpret the complexities of human communicaton”. Ipinahihiwatig nito na ang lalake kumpara sa babae ay mas mahina at mas mahirap makaintindi sa mga pananarinari na kung saan kailangan para mas mabigyang kahulugan ang teksto sa kumunikasyon.

Sa isa pang pag-aaral na ginawa nila Johnson, Weaver, Watson & Barker, 2000 na nagsasabi na “females found to be more adopted on people-oriented style of listening with a focus on emotions and personal stories and men using a more action-oriented style of listening with attention to concise presentations of facts”. Ayon sa nilalaman ng teksto na ang paraan ng kababaihan sa pagintindi nakabatay sa emosyunal na pamamaraan na kung saan binibigyang halaga ang emosyun sa naririnig, nababasa o sa naiintindihan. Salungat ito kung ihahambing sa lalake na nakabatay ang pokus sa presentasyon ng nilalaman ng diwa kaysa sa damdamin nito. Sa makabagong pananaw ng mga nanaliksik sa larangan ng pakikinig sinasabi na ang mga taong mataas ang emosyunal na katalinuhan ay mas mabisang tagapakinig kaysa sa mga taong mataas ang intelektwal na katalinuhan.

BATAYANG KONSEPTWAL

HADLANG SA MABISANG PAKIKINIG

LINGGWISTIKAL NA MGA HADLANG
PERSONAL NA MGA HADLANG
PISIKAL NA MGA
HADLANG

BILIS NG PAGIISIP
NONBERBAL
NA MGA HADLANG

PISIKAL NA HADLANG -Hindi makakaintindi kung hindi makakadinig ng maayos. Ang mga pisikal na hadlang katulad ng depekto sa pandinig, mahinag tunog, at maingay na kapaligiran ang ilan lamang na nakakahadlang sa maayos na pakikinig. Kasama din sa mga dahilan na nakakaapekto sa maayos na pakikinig ay pagod, hindi komportable, may ina-alala o may dinadamdam na sakit.
PERSONAL NA HADLANG
-Ang lahat ay may ibat ibang paraan sa pag proseso ng ideya kung ano ang tama at kung ano ang mas importante na nakabatay sa ating kultura, etical na perspektibo, o personal na opinion. Kung ang ideya ng isang tao ay salungat sa iyong paniniwala nauuwi ito sa pagkawala ng interes na nagdudulot ng pagbalewa sa pakikinig.
HADLANG PANGLINGGWISTIKAL -Ang hindi pagkabihasa sa mga salita ay nakakasira sa proseso ng kuminikasyon dahil sa kakulangan sa pagintindi sa kahulugan na gustong ipahiwatig ng tagapagsalita o sender. Nakakadagdag din sa problema ang paraan ng pagbigkas ng tagapagsaita na dulot ng diin ng pagsasalita, malalim na pagsasalita at ang accent nito na nakaka-kompromiso sa pag-intindi ng tagapakinig o receiver.
NONVERBAL NA AMBALA -Nakakaapekto at nakakagambala din sa mga tagapakinig kung ang speaker ay naiiba sa ekspiktasyon, kakaibang manuot, may kinagawiang pananalita, may radikal na istilo sa buhok, at iba kung pumostura. Ito ay nagdudulot ng pagkagambala na pumipigil sa at humadlang sa receiver magkaroon ng maayos na pakikinig.
BILIS NG PAG-IISIP -Dahil sa bilis ng pagproseso ng isipan na tatlong beses na mas mabilis kaysa sa pagsasalita, nagdudulot ito sa receiver na pangunahan ang ideya ng speaker na kung saan hindi na binigyang importansya ng tagapakinig ang gustong ipabatid na ideya ng speaker.

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