...Eli Lilly in India : Rethinking the Joint Venture Strategy Pharmaceutical companies spend more than 20% of their sales on research and development (R &D). Patents for product ( for 20 years) and process were essential means by which a firm protected its proprietary knowledge and they could command higher prices for their products. Many multinational pharmaceutical firm subsidiaries in India imported drugs from their country of origin and made a huge profit. However in 1970¶s, the patents for all pharmaceutical and agricultural products were abolished and process patents permitted for 5 to 7 years. The Drug Price Control Order (DPCO) instituted price controls by government, multinationals market share dropped from 80% in 1970 to 35% in mid 1990s so they were forced to exit from India due to lack of patent protection in India. In November 1984 Dr. Manmohan Singh , the finance minister encouraged foreign direct investment and increased the maximum limit of foreign ownership from 40% to 51%. Colonel Eli Lilly founded Eli Lilly and Company in 1876. It was a world leader in injectable antibiotics and in supplying insulin. Ranbaxy in early 1990¶s was India¶s largest manufacturer of bulk drugs and generic drugs. Ranbaxy approached Lilly to supply certain active ingredients or sourcing of intermediate products to Lilly in order to provide low cost sources of intermediate pharmaceutical ingredients. Success of Joint Venture i) Lilly used Ranbaxy¶s help for getting government approvals...
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...Eli Lilly: The Evista Project® In early 1998 Dr. August “Gus” Watanabe, executive vice president of science and technology for Eli Lilly and president of Lilly Research Laboratories (see Exhibits 1 and 2), looked out his office window toward downtown Indianapolis. He was contemplating the future commercialization path for Lilly’s new, potential blockbuster drug, Evista®, which had received FDA approval on December 9, 1997, for the prevention of post-menopausal osteoporosis. Evista®, generically known as raloxifene hydrochloride, would be entering the estrogen replacement market, a market that had worldwide sales in excess of $1 billion in 1997.[1] Of even wider significance was the fact that in initial trials, Evista® appeared to lower the incidence of breast cancer and reduced total LDL in post-menopausal women without the negative side effect profiles of currently available estrogen replacement therapies. The potential of this new therapeutic and its impact on Lilly could be enormous. Some analysts predicted that Evista® might become a $1B drug for the company.[2] With this in mind, Watanabe knew that the decision on how best to commercialize Evista® would have a profound effect on Lilly’s well-being. Should Lilly follow its traditional approach to commercialization? Or should Lilly follow a course more in line with the development approach adopted for Evista® in early 1995, which would require the organization to transform its heavyweight product...
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...Eli Lilly: Developing Cymbalta Student: AMBA 650 University of Maryland University College January 31, 2012 Professor: Eli Lilly and company is a pharmaceutical company that has been in business since 1876. In 2000 their new antidepressant team (NAT) was tasked with identifying a suitable replacement for Prozac their most profitable antidepressant drug. Prozac’s patent was due to expire in December of 2003. The expiration of Prozac’s patent would allow other pharmaceutical companies to market their generic version of the drug at a lower price. There are four members of the members of the NAT John Kaiser the marketing director at Eli Lilly, Mark Demitrack a psychiatrist and co-leader of NAT, Brett Schmidli a project development expert and co-leader of NAT, and Jim Lancanster the Prozac expert. The NAT was tasked with discussing and evaluating what drug could be developed to elevate depression in its patients and serve as the predecessor to Prozac. The NAT begin its evaluation by focusing on Eli Lilly’s five assets. The five assets were drug products that could be developed into the predecessor. The NAT decided to conduct research on the five assets to determine, which one could be developed into its next flagship depression drug. Asset 1 is R-fluoxetine, which Eli Lilly entered into a licensing agreement with Sepracor to further develop and market this drug but clinical trial stopped due to patient inability to stomach the drug. Asset...
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...Eli Lily & Co History, Development, and Growth of the Company Eli Lilly & Company was founded in 1876 by Colonel Eli Lilly. During the 1880’s Lilly was one of the first companies to invest in Pharmaceutical research by hiring an actual pharmaceutical chemist. In the 1920’s Lilly collaborated on a research effort to purify and isolate insulin for the treatment of diabetes, a fatal disease at that time. This effort resulted in the world’s first commercially available insulin product in 1923. In the 1940’s Lilly was among the first companies to develop a method for mass production of penicillin. In the 1950’s Lilly began to expand in to the world market and began to experiment with different business portfolio strategies. Lilly also launched two powerful antibiotics during this year for patients that did not benefit from or were allergic to penicillin. In 1960 Lilly launched the first in a line oral and injectable antibiotics in the cephalosporin family and two anti cancer drugs. In 1970 Lilly launched the world’s top selling antibiotic, Ceclor. They also began to diversify their portfolio with the purchase of Elizabeth Arden in 1971 and IVAC in 1977. In 1982 Lilly pioneered and introduced the first genetically engineered drug. Lilly also launched a new drug for the treatment of clinical depression in the 1980’s. Prozac became their top seller and accounted for almost 30 percent of the company sales. In the 1990’s Lilly also introduced a stream of innovative products...
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...Executive Summary In an effort to follow-up its success with Prozac (see Appendix A), Eli Lilly and Company saw a market for an anti-migraine drug that similarly targeted serotonin levels. Their prior research and development involving such neurotransmitters put them at an advantage over their competitors. Their goal was to find a neurotransmitter (i.e. serotonin) that matched the receptor that they felt was the key to relieving the migraine. (Appendix B provides a basic overview on how receptors and neurotransmitters integrate and function.) Aided by cutting edge methods of combinatorial chemistry and high-throughput screening, Lilly was able to test compounds at a significantly quicker rate. In fact, their first set of compounds tested resulted in a higher potency compound than any that resulted from traditional chemistry methods of testing one compound at a time. With time being of the essence in the drug industry, the natural solution was to utilize combinatorial chemistry to develop the anti-migraine drug. It will allow for a quicker drug development and hopefully ensure a spot as one of the first market entrants. First to market was not a must but being a fast follower was very important in order to gain significant market share. Having a facility dedicated to this drug will create and efficient production process and reduce waste. The goal would be to focus just on the one anti-migraine drug in the hope that it will make it all the way to market. However, if it were...
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...6/12/13 Handara Daniswara COM111 Eulogy For Chivalry Most studies found that the number one fear for Americans is the fear of public speaking, followed by death. That means as of right now I am better off if were inside that casket than standing here delivering this eulogy to you. We are here to commemorate the dead of Chivalry. I still remember the first time I saw him, in a Disney cartoon where he fought through a dragon just to save a girl, that cartoon was the Sleeping Beauty. Since then I saw more of him, opening doors for people, giving up seats for people, volunteer to carrying things for people, pulls out chair for people, paying the bill in his first date, the second date, and reluctantly in the third date but he still pays the bill. He is basically courageous and courteous. We are all mournful by his death, except women who killed Chivalry. If he were still alive today, the world would be a better place. Women, elderly, and kids do not have to stand in public transport; Chivalry would give up his seat. Women would have free dinner; Chivalry would pay the bill. And there would not be any need for automatic doors; Chivalry would open it up for you. Chivalry however did not die in vain. He has set us an example throughout his life, a code of conduct, that we men should follow suit. And if we do, we might bring Chivalry back from the...
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...Brandon Jones April, 8 2014 COMP1 1. The theme of the introductory paragraph is basic army training and how it affects the soldiers mind and body. She also gives use an example of what they do, and what it affects. One of the things its affects is the soldiers appetite, and another being there mentality of future training and what’s to learn from it besides conquering fear. An example of what they do is his “battle buddies” training rolling a log down a fifty foot hill for exercise which was preparation for the gas chamber. The author grabs you by my speaking of army training and giving you examples of experience and feelings. 2. Unfortunately, we are learning the important stuff first after we learn about how important gas masks are the hard way. 3. Its relevant to its topic sentence because its relates in detail the fear of the gas chamber, and what it’s going to be like in there. It is also relates how being in the chamber experience will change you as a person. The angle of the body is to give you an understanding of what conquering your fears feels like especially when you have nowhere to run. Relating nightmares and near death experiences can cause Natural survival instincts being forced by fear is all a part of the 2nd paragraphs theme. 4. It relates because she goes in feeling better about herself and realizes that she in finally in the room. She gives detail of being in the chamber with her mask on and was able to be Observational of his surroundings...
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...Bases of Power There are five bases of power in the given organization. The first base of power is reward power. Reward power is defined as being the opposite of coercive power and that “people comply with the wishes or directives of another because doing so produces positive benefits” (Robbins & Judge, 2007, pg. 471.) Employee 1 in the scenario wants to receive the bonus that he/she will be granted upon the successful completion of his/her annual evaluation. To ensure his/her tasks are finished and that they are correct, Employee 1 oftentimes works over his/her scheduled 40 hour work week by working late and on weekends at the encouragement of the marketing manager. The marketing manager often reminds the Employee 1 and his/her peers of the yearly bonus. The employee complying with the wishes of the marketing manager for he/she to work late so he/she will receive a good performance evaluation, thus resulting in the receipt of the desired bonus is an example of Employee 1 being affected by reward power. The marketing manager uses the second base of power, which is legitimate power. Legitimate power is defined as “the formal authority to control and use organizational resources” (Robbins & Judge, 2007, pg. 472.) The marketing manager being the person responsible for the evaluation of the employees, thus affecting whether or not Employee 1 receives the bonus he/she really wants is a demonstration of this power. The distribution of a bonus to an employee is an example of...
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...Name : Nitu Poudel FEAR Fear is something that is born in every personalities and it is universal emotion. Some people have lots of fear and some have less but it's not something that can be ignored. Even God has fear. Fear is a that emotion, which can lead you to either become a great person or a broke one. If you take fear in a positive way then it can improve and direct you to obtain your goals. For example, "Fear of failure, Fear of death and Fear of other". If you follow these fear in a positive manner then you can be a successful person and you should always have fear. In the same way, if you do not have fear of anything then you would obviously continue to do whatever you like that you make you the worthless human or we can say thing in the world. Same ways, if you have lots and lots of fear within yourself and tend to do nothing but just stay wherever you are, then you will be the biggest looser anyone will ever see. Accordingly, fear is such a thing that can be explained in different ways. In my life, fear plays an important role. In each and every step, first I feel the fear whether I can succeed this task or not then I move on taking it positive in a safe way as much as possible. For example, I do not know how to drive a vehicle and I am learning this task. But I have a deep fear of the thought of having an accident. Because of the fear of having an accident, I will not stop learning how to drive but I will learn to...
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...Parinaz Kokabi OP 300 “Elli Lilly and the Company: The Flexible Facility Decision” case analysis Due to the fierce competition in pharmaceutical industry, Elli Lily has to change its product development process to retain its situation in the market. Steve Mueller, manager of strategic facilities planning, must suggest the company what type of manufacturing facilities to construct. These new facilities were needed for three new products (Alfatine, Betazin, and Clorazin), which the company expected to launch in 1996. His decision will be based on decreasing the lead-time by 50% and reducing the costs by 25%. According to the case, Mueller suggest three options: one option is to build one specialized facility; the second option is to build one flexible facility, and the third options which is stated under the second option is a combination of specialized and flexible facility. The first choice, building a specialized facility, will not reduce the production lead-time. In addition, since the facility is built only for one type of product, if that product cannot be launched to the market the part of the facility might have to be retrofitted to produce another product. Further, it can cause delays in production, which can cost the company millions of dollars in loss. However, this option is very productive (almost 16,000 kilograms of output per rig at 80% of utilization) because the plant is dedicated to a set of special products and there is no changeover. Moreover...
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...and by herself. This objectification of her body leads to various hardships for Lily. Some of these hardships are caused by confusion, indecision, and communication issues. Also, I believe that both men in the novel, and Lily, are responsible for these hardships. Throughout the novel, all Lily really owns that is of value is her body. I believe this to be true because there are various examples of men objectifying her for her body. Even Selden, who isn’t even a member of the high society, and who should be more rational based on his lower social standing, objectifies Lily for her body. Edith Wharton makes this fact very clear at the beginning of the book when she writes: “ Selden paused in surprise. In the afternoon rush of the Grand Central Station his eyes had been refreshed by the sight of Miss Lily Bart. Selden had never seen her more radiant. Her vivid head, relieved against the dull tints of the crowd, made her more conspicuous than in a ball-room, and under her dark hat and veil she regained the girlish smoothness, the purity of tint, that she was beginning to lose after eleven years of late hours and indefatigable dancing... ... He was aware that the qualities distinguishing her from the herd of her sex were chiefly external: as though a fine gaze of beauty and fastidiousness had been applied to vulgar clay.”(3) As you can see from the quote above, Selden objectifies Lily for her body from the beginning. He says that her distinguishing qualities are...
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...Lily I need to do something. I need somebody’s help. This situation confuses, baffles, and even worries me. I have never seen this dog before. I quickly run to my mom to assess the situation. It feels hard to believe that eleven years flew by since the first day that I saw my little fluffy bundle of joy. My little poodle attained the name of Lily. I never imagined I would become as close to Lily as I did. One day, she casually walked into my backyard. I did not have a clue what to do, but eventually I carefully approached her. She was the most polite dog I have ever met. We played all day, and soon became best friends. But, of course we had to find her rightful owners. In a short time, we found the owners and returned her home. However, Lily never ceased to miss a day of showing up at my door. Before long, the owners offered us to keep her. Lily apparently did not want to be with these owners. Obviously we accepted this offer, and this became the happiest day of my life. On the other hand, I knew that good things come to an end, and situations do not end the way we would like. Overcoming a loss is extremely difficult, but I realized that experiencing a death has made me a stronger person and who I am today. Now eleven years have past since the day Lily became mine, and I can still remember that day like it happened yesterday. Lily was an amazing dog and I would not have traded her for anything. I loved her will all of my heart. Unfortunately, during the...
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...The main problems of business communication in the organizations. I. The problems at the vertical level. 1) Social problems a) Disrespect to the employees. Example: The employer or the owner of the organization can consider himself to be better than his inferiors. As a consequence of that, he can treat his employees very badly. b) Lack of strictness from the employer. Example: Employer can act too soft, so his employees will not pay any respect to him. As a result, they can start ignoring his orders, because of his disability to keep the discipline in the office. To avoid such disrespectful relation to himself, each employer should be strict and severe to his employees, keep the distance. 2) Psychological problems a) Stress. Example: The employee can feel stressed because of the employer's scolding. Also, the reason of employee's depression or social restraint can be caused by disrespectful relation or harassment of the superiors. b) A fear of failure. Example: The employee can be afraid to tell his ideas or to show his project in case he foresees the employer's negative reaction. c) Keeping secrets. Example: The employer can keep silence about problems in business because of the fear to be given a scolding. It can cause a huge damage to the company. II. The problems at the horizontal level. 1) Social problems a) Conflicts. Example: Different interests among colleagues can cause many conflicts and separation in the collective. b) Business competition...
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...Purpose: The Book of Eli Our purpose, as a Christian, is to worship and glorify God. We are to live as close to Christ-like as we can and we are to tell others the Gospel so they can make the decision to follow God also. In this essay, I will be discussing the movie The Book of Eli, the worldview of the characters and if they stayed true to them, the obstacles that may have deterred them and my reactions to the movie. I believe Eli was a Godly man, and has a Christian worldview. Throughout the movie, he prays to God and quotes scriptures. He honors God with his life and is following Gods will. I didn’t know until near the end that the book Eli was carrying was the Bible. Eli faces many trials. He has little water and food and he meets several people on his journey that want to kill him. Throughout the movie, he remains steadfast in his purpose. Two of the main characters Eli meets on the way are Carnegie and Solara. Carnegie wants the Bible for selfish purposes. He believes if he has the Bible, he will be God. Carnegie wants to be the leader over everyone. Solara knew nothing of the Bible and God. She becomes friends with Eli and helps him to protect the Bible. Eli teaches Solara how to pray and quotes scriptures to her. She takes on the Christian worldview. Eli had to deal with a lot of trials along his journey. A woman on the road tries to lure men in so that the men she is with can steal from them and kill them. Carnegie tries to capture Eli so he can kill him...
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...Running head: ELI LILLY – DEVELOPING CYMBALTA CASE ANALYSIS 1 Week 4: Eli Libby – Developing Cymbalta Case Analysis Mary Juanita Hawkins University of Maryland University College Author Note This individual assignment was prepared for AMBA650, Section 9245, taught by Professor Philemon O. Oyewole. Introduction Eli Lilly and Company was established on May 10, 1876 in Indianapolis, IN and has been in business more than 132 years. The founder of this pharmaceutical company was Colonel Eli Lilly who was a union army member during the Civil War. This company deals with the development, discovery, sell, and manufacturer of drugs, such as Prozac and integrates supply-chain management within its departments. The first success that the company achieved was the coating of pills using gelatin. In 1923, the company marked another success by introducing Iletin that was used in improving diabetes. This project was the first largest insulin production that the company together with the University of Toronto invented. All through the 1950’s, various advancements were introduced such as the invention of the oral penicillin and the antibiotic known as Erythromycin. Prozac was produced in 1988 and latter succeeded in 1990. In 2000, the drug Zyprexa was utilized in the treatment of schizophrenia and later, the drug Gemzer was introduced for chemotherapy. Before Prozac the treatment available was Tofranil also known...
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