...Discuss The Von Thunen Theory In Relation To Resource Use Planning Definition and Origin of Von Thunen theory The Von Thunen theory use was created by farmer and amateur economist J.H. Von Thunen (1783-1850) in 1826 (but it wasn't translated into English until 1966). Von Thunen's model was created before industrialization and is based on the following limiting assumptions: * The city is located centrally within an "Isolated State" which is self-sufficient and has no external influences. * The Isolated State is surrounded by an unoccupied wilderness. * The land of the State is completely flat and has no rivers or mountains to interrupt the terrain. * The soil quality and climate are consistent throughout the State. * Farmers in the Isolated State transport their own goods to market via oxcart, across land, directly to the central city. Therefore, there are no roads. * Farmers act to maximize profits. In an Isolated State with the foregoing statements being true, Von Thunen hypothesized that a pattern of rings around the city would develop. There are four rings of agricultural activity surrounding the city. Dairying and intensive farming occur in the ring closest to the city. Since vegetables, fruit, milk and other dairy products must get to market quickly, they would be produced close to the city (remember, we didn't have refrigerated oxcarts!). Timber and firewood would be produced for fuel and building materials in the second zone. Before industrialization...
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...In America everything should have equal rights.This is obviously false when it comes to horses.Wild horses are endangered and Robert Redford is trying to raise awareness.Through persuasive language and and different author craft, Redford creates a persuasive argument to help the wild horses. In his argument, Redford uses ethos,pathos, and logos to persuade the reader.In the first paragraph pathos can be seen.He says “American mustangs derives form their symbolic representation of our national heritage and freedom.”This is targeting the readers patriotism, by bringing up Americas national heritage.In the fourth paragraph, ethos is present.The Bureau of lands Mangement was brought up.This allowed Redfords argument to have more crebility and...
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...exposed to a new world that he does not belong to. Marlow is transferred to a different world and tries to understand the unfamiliarity of Africa. In describing, “the earth seemed unearthly”, Marlow expresses that this place is unfamiliar to him; therefore, he feels like a stranger here. It also shows the first contradiction in the passage; the paradoxical meaning between “earth” and “unearthly” represents his confusion between his past and his presence, between the reality and the unreality. Marlow states that as time passes by he gets used to "the shackled form of a conquered monster", which relates to the old image of many natives having to follow the orders of white man. At the same time, these native people are also "monstrous and free”. These two strong adjectives show that Marlow no longer feel safe here. This also gives an emergent tone for the passage, giving the readers the danger of going on a voyage to a new land and facing strange people. As Marlow feels that he will face new experiences, he uses such adjectives as “horrid”, “ugly”, or “inhuman” in order to reveal his feelings of alienation. Races are also one of the main themes in this passage. By using the world “ugly, remote”, Marlow implies that the natives are not of familiar to him. Toward the end of the passage, he uses the adjectives “thick”, and “treacherous” in order to describe the water. The water is portrayed to be dangerous and shallow; the engine is compared with the word “devil”, which seems to imply...
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...Tropical Rainforest Hassan Gordon American Intercontinental University The Tropical Rainforest is a forest occurring in tropical areas of heavy rainfall. In the tropical rainforest most trees in the rainforest have wide buttress roots. Deforestation is a major problem caused by humans in the tropical rainforest. The government has cleared large areas of the Amazon Rainforest and encouraged people to move there. About 80% of the rainforests nutrients comes from trees and plants. Tropical Rainforest Tropical Rainforests are located around the equator, in areas with lots of rainfall, and where temperatures consistently stay near 80 degrees’ year round. Emergents are the tallest trees that are located in a tropical rainforest, which usually can stand well over 160 feet. You also have the canopy level which is a sea of leaves blocking lower levels from the sunlight. The canopy is here nearly half the animal population is, like the monkeys, birds, snakes, and also vines that lead up from lower levels that reach the sun. Then you have the shrub layer which has the most compacted plant growth, mostly plants, and ferns that do not require much sunlight to grow, then you have the forest floor that is mostly dark, and wet which contains a layer of rotting leaves and dead animals that have decomposed creating a thin mist full of nutrients. Biochemical cycles are the pathways in which the transformation, and transport of matter takes place. There are four areas categories that...
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...complexity (Strategy Duality). It is argued that, in complex and unstable contexts, the traditional mode of "think-first" deliberate strategies which set "thinking" apart from "doing" is becoming increasingly ineffective. The unpredictability of complex contexts, in which we operate, leave us with no choice but to be markedly adaptive rather than attempt to be overly prepared. Complex Adaptive Systems (CAS) are the order of the day, and the organization's Standing (desired future state) and Steps have to emerge in action, rather than be pre-determined, in the development of strategy. However, this emergence of strategy, ought to be predicated on a Stand (strategic perspective or position), and a set of Shared values, without which emergent strategies may well lead to chaos. The principal role of the leader in a CAS is not to increasingly...
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...stands out the most to me is the Tropical Rainforest in Central America in the Amazon Basin from the previous assignment I researched. Others are located in Africa, Australia, and Assam to name a few. Tropical Rainforests are made up of large trees, exotic wildlife, and thousands of species of plants. The structure of the Tropical Rainforest is very complex but can be simple to understand when broken down into sections. The rainforest can be divided into layers from top to bottom and can get a better understanding of the Tropical Rainforest as a whole. The different layers are: emergent, the canopy, the understory, and the leaf litter or cryptoshere or also known as the ground. Emergent are the larger, taller trees that stick out above the canopy. They can be 20-100 feet above the canopy and endures strong winds, temperature fluctuations, and damaging solar radiation. The canopy is the level under the emergent that has billions of leaves that converts sunlight into energy called photosynthesis. The canopy is where vast amounts of fruits, flowers, and seeds are formed and attracts the wide range of exotic wildlife. The canopy acts as a shield to the lower levels protecting them from harsh elements. The understory is just under the...
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...considerations which were taken into account in the evolution and development of Zambia’s post independence. It will further indicate which policy direction the author would have taken if he were part and parcel of the Zambian team responsible for policy formulation. In trying to discuss this, the author will start by defining what an agricultural policy is, highlight agricultural policy considerations in the post independence regime of the Second Republic (1964-1991) and also the policy direction the author would have taken if he were part and parcel of its formulation and draw a conclusion. An agricultural policy usually comprises a wide range of topics, including agricultural health, research and extension, input supply, rural credit, land reform and improvement, rural infrastructure, market regulation and development, trade promotion, and sector organizations (farmer organizations, cooperatives, commodity boards, and the like). Coordination between these various topics is important, because many of them complement each...
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...Give a critical account of the approach taken by any one or two Modern writers depiction of urban life ‘Why do I dramatise London so perpetually’ Woolf wondered in the final months of her life. This essay will seek to examine Woolf’s Mrs Dalloway and Eliot’s The Waste Land to observe their perpetual fascination with expressing metropolis as a vision of modernity. It will attempt to scrutinize the overwhelming nature of urban life, urban life’s effect on humanity, metropolis being the forefront of society, and also the depiction of a single urban consciousness. Through examining these depictions of urban life, this essay aims to observe the effects rapid urbanisation had on the modern movement and its respective authors. Woolf presents Mrs Dalloway’s consciousness as a vessel to voice the overwhelming nature of urban life and the problem of anxiety experienced in modern metropolis. Immediately in the first paragraph Clarissa’s anxieties are voiced as she embarks to the city to prepare for her party. Clarissa’s consciousness jumps to her memory of a ‘girl of eighteen’ and the solemn and ‘feeling that something awful was about to happen’. The contrast to her feeling of excitement to a feeling of anxiety is stark. The protagonist begins by exclaiming ‘how fresh how calm’ and then to experiencing feeling threatened as her attention reverts from the natural to the ‘uproar of the carriages, motor cars, omnibuses, vans… she loved; life; London’. Woolf plunges the reader into...
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...NATURAL HISTORY OF NEW YORK Natural History of New York New York State covers an area of 54,077 square miles (141,229 square km), 87% of which is land. Inland lakes and rivers cover 1,894 square miles (4,908 sq. km) and the State has jurisdiction over 981 sq. miles (2,541 sq. km) of the Atlantic Ocean as well as 3,988 square miles (10,329 sq. km) of the Great Lakes. Climate New York State lies in the humid temperate region of the northeastern United States. Average January temperatures range from 15.8 to 33.8 degrees Fahrenheit and 66.2 to 77 degrees Fahrenheit in July. Rainfall is evenly distributed throughout the year and most parts of the State receive about 40 inches annually. Variation in topography and proximity to bodies of water causes large climatic variations and these deviations have created distinct ecological zones, which are home to a complex web of biological diversity. The Landscape New York’s land forms were shaped by the recent glacial stage which disappeared not more than 8,000 to 10,000 years ago. Thompson (1977) identified nine major land form regions within the state. The Adirondack upland in the northern-most portion of the State includes New York’s highest point, Mt. Marcy, hundreds of glacial lakes, and rich mineral deposits. Other upland regions include the Appalachian upland, which occupies nearly half the state, and the Tug Hill Upland, which is the least settled part of the state due to its poor soils, bad drainage and excessive precipitation...
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...illustrates the increasingly secular outlook of the Renaissance by describing the fortunes that were acquired during those times as a result of dubious politics. These fortunes are directed towards Lorenzo Medici, the prince this book is dedicated too, which basically is like a guidebook for how to be the greatest prince in all the land. Not only does The Prince describe the fortunes of the Renaissance, but also how to acquire these fortunes with strength and power. An important aspect of the Renaissance was the introduction of humanism, which is the belief that human beings are worthy of scrutiny and are genuinely good creatures with potential value. By reading The Prince, I felt that the sinister tactics of gaining absolute power...
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...is sung from the perspective of a small town ruffian drafted into the Vietnam War, as evidenced by the lyrics “put a rifle in my hand” and “sent me off to a foreign land to go and kill the yellow man (DOC 3 Lecture 4/18/2016).” Similar to the The Fightin’ Side of Me, the intended audience for this song is the American public. But for veterans specifically, it is a tribute to their difficulties as a result of their military service. Springsteen highlights the displacement of many small town Americans who were drafted. The narrator of the song explains that he was “born down in a dead man’s town the first kick I took was when I hit the ground.” The song is a testament to the suffering and sacrifices of those who were drafted. It is also a call for change, an outcry against the way veterans are treated. For most listeners, however, Springsteen’s message is lost in the contradictory upbeat chorus to the point...
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...demolition debris materials very quickly. Some of these landfills’ facilities are able to process demolition debris materials at the rate of 135 tons every hour.let’s put it into simple statistics and facts to make it easy to understand how very much these things do affect our planet. ut there would be enough dimensional lumber to get you to the moon and back six times. Clearly something needs to be done about new construction, remodeling and demolition because of the major negative effects the results are having on the planet Earth. Land resources and the environment are affected by all forms of construction activities. The environment is impacted directly, with regard to the actual tract of land affected and the immediately surrounding area (Yeang, 1999). Moreover, there are various indirect impacts which result from construction activities with wide ranging ecological, social and economic outcomes. These consequences have traditionally been negative, with land resources destroyed in the aspiration of development of buildings and infrastructure. Therefore, it is clear that issues relating to the environment and natural resources are irrefutably linked to construction processes. Construction is the assembling of components or materials together in order to make a structure for a particular purpose – such as providing shelter for...
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...The global group of energy and petrochemical companies is a multinational company with worldwide recognition rodrigo | December 5, 2012 Table of Contents [show] Introduction BACKGROUND OF SHELL Shell, a global group of energy and petrochemical companies is a multinational company with worldwide recognition. Shell is best known for its service stations and for exploring and producing oil and gas on land and at sea. In truth Shell deliver a vast range of energy solutions and petrochemicals to customers, produce and sell petrochemical building blocks to industrial customers on a global scale, invest in making renewable and lower-carbon energy sources, competitive for large scale use. LITERATURE REVIEW Corporate Strategy of shell By being more upstream Shell aims to focus its investments on long term, high return projects to develop oil and gas resources, and grow the companies leading liquefied natural gas business. Downstream profits involves; generating more cash by reshaping integrated oil products and petrochemicals portfolio to enhance operations and focus on growth markets, particularly in Asia. Shell believes that this strategy will improve their business performance and increase their contribution to sustainable development. “Stronger emphasis on our upstream activities and fast growing markets will help us deliver the energy the world needs for economic growth and poverty reduction”. Shell aims to increase focus on producing cleaner burning natural gas, in so doing...
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...Anthropology of the Filipino People I Filipino Prehistory Rediscovering Precolonial Heritage By: Felipe Landa Jocano A Book Report Submitted by: Alexson T. Battung A student of Bachelor of Arts in History 1-1 Submitted to: Prof. Maria Rhodora Agustin Professor in History I. Introduction This book is the revised and expanded version of an earlier one, entitled Philippine Prehistory: An Anthropological Overview. Many new archaeological materials have been recovered since its publication in 1975, requiring changes in the earlier descriptions and interpretations of Philippine prehistoric society and culture. The title of this new edition is focusing in keeping with the currently emerging national consciousness which seeks to uncover the roots of Filipino cultural identity. I guess that the objectives of this book or this study are considered in four purposes. First, to reconstruct obscured by external influences- particularly those of the earlier interpretations of prehistoric events in the country. Old assumptions, including our earlier views, have to be reexamined and revised in the context of new data and new scientific thinking in...
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...as a way of formalising dynamic social theories. In this chapter, these advances in the application of computer simulation to the social sciences will be illustrated with a number of examples of recent work, showing how this new methodology is appropriate for analysing social phenomena that are inherently complex, and how it encourages experimentation and the study of emergence. Social simulation The construction of computer programs that simulate aspects of social behaviour can contribute to the understanding of social processes. Most social science research either develops or uses some kind of theory or model, for instance, a theory of cognition or a model of the class system. Generally, such theories are stated in textual form, although sometimes the theory is represented as an equation (for example, in structural equation modelling). A third way is to express theories as...
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