...DOI: 10.1037/a0026937 Can Sad Music Really Make You Sad? Indirect Measures of Affective States Induced by Music and Autobiographical Memories Jonna K. Vuoskoski and Tuomas Eerola University of Jyvaskyla ¨ ¨ The present study addressed music’s disputed ability to induce genuine sadness in listeners by investigating whether listening to sad music can induce sadness-related effects on memory and judgment. Related aims were to explore how the different mechanisms of music-induced emotions are involved in sadness induced by familiar, self-selected music and unfamiliar, experimenter-selected music, and whether the susceptibility to music-induced sadness is associated with trait empathy. One hundred twenty participants were randomly assigned into four conditions with different tasks: listening to unfamiliar sad or neutral music, or to self-selected sad music, or recalling a sad autobiographical event and writing about it. The induced affective states were measured indirectly using a word recall task and a judgment task where participants rated the emotions expressed by pictures depicting facial expressions. The results indicate that listening to sad music can indeed induce changes in emotion-related memory and judgment. However, this effect depends, to some extent, on the music’s relevance to the listener, as well as on the personality attributes of the listener. Trait empathy contributed to the susceptibility to sadness induced by unfamiliar music, while autobiographical memories...
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...Emotion 2004, Vol. 4, No. 1, 46–64 Copyright 2004 by the American Psychological Association, Inc. 1528-3542/04/$12.00 DOI: 10.1037/1528-3542.4.1.46 Decoding Speech Prosody: Do Music Lessons Help? William Forde Thompson, E. Glenn Schellenberg, and Gabriela Husain University of Toronto at Mississauga Three experiments revealed that music lessons promote sensitivity to emotions conveyed by speech prosody. After hearing semantically neutral utterances spoken with emotional (i.e., happy, sad, fearful, or angry) prosody, or tone sequences that mimicked the utterances’ prosody, participants identified the emotion conveyed. In Experiment 1 (n 20), musically trained adults performed better than untrained 56), musically trained adults outperformed untrained adults. In Experiment 2 (n adults at identifying sadness, fear, or neutral emotion. In Experiment 3 (n 43), 6-year-olds were tested after being randomly assigned to 1 year of keyboard, vocal, drama, or no lessons. The keyboard group performed equivalently to the drama group and better than the no-lessons group at identifying anger or fear. In the past 10 years, the possibility of links between musical and nonmusical domains has generated excitement among researchers and the popular press. One line of research concerns short-term benefits in nonmusical domains that occur as a consequence of passive listening to music. In two widely cited studies (Rauscher, Shaw, & Ky, 1993, 1995), listening to music composed by Mozart led to...
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...musical structure used widely since the middle of the 18th century (the early Classical period). Symphony is an extended musical composition in Western classical music, normally thought of as being written for orchestra Symphony is an extended musical composition in Western classical music, normally thought of as being written for orchestra Lyricism-gentle or romantic emotion, expressed in writing or music. Lyricism-gentle or romantic emotion, expressed in writing or music. Symmetrical is not restricted to the visual arts. Its role in the history of music touches many aspects of the creation and perception of music. Symmetrical is not restricted to the visual arts. Its role in the history of music touches many aspects of the creation and perception of music. Classical are generally accepted as being between about 1750 and 1820. However, the term classical music is used in a colloquial sense as a synonym for Western art music, which describes a variety of Western musical styles from the ninth century to the present, and especially from the sixteenth or seventeenth to the nineteenth. This article is about the specific period from 1730 to 1820. Classical are generally accepted as being between about 1750 and 1820. However, the term classical music is used in a colloquial sense as a synonym for Western art music, which describes a variety of Western musical styles from the ninth century to the present, and especially...
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...Sister Mathilde DeLucy Doctor Gloria Thurmond MUAP 2233-BB October 10, 2014 “An Emotion of Joy” Mozart’s “Un Moto di Gioja,” taken from his great work The Marriage of Figaro, is a classical piece relatable to anyone who has felt simultaneously the feelings of nervousness, happiness, and expectation in one fell swoop. The composer, who was born on January 27th 1756, was prompted by his father to become someone great. Mozart is famously known for his genius beginnings at the early age of five. A child prodigy, Mozart, was already performing before the royals of Europe by six years of age. As he was just barely reaching the cusp of adulthood, at the age of seventeen, he was employed in Salzburg. In only a few years, the restless heart of...
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...The program of the concert was quite diverse that it dealt with music from different times and styles. The selections of the first half of the concert fulfilled my expectation about the classical concert in that the music played in the first half expressed very familiar aspects of classical music. Each piece was very emotional and soft. However, I was surprised to hear the second half of the concert that the music was totally unexpected. When the soprano sang Deux Poemes de Louis Aragon : Fetes Galantes, I felt a certain tense and perplexity because the words were so quick and the song was finished fast. Also, I found Copland's compositions confusing in that the piano and vocal seemed to play different melodies, but it was amusing to listen how the powerful vocal and articulate piano make the different sounds into music. I felt more stable and comfortable when hearing the first half of the concert, while felt surprising but interesting in the second half. Among the splendidly performed selections, Mignon by Beethoven and the Nightingale by Alabiev were the two most interesting pieces. Beethoven's Mignon describes the emotion of the character, Mignon, in Goethe's novel Wilhelm Meisters Lehrjahre. The text demonstrates Mignon's depiction of her homeland where she was kidnapped in a nostalgic voice. After learning about what the lyrics mean, I really appreciated the soprano's facial expression. At first, the pulse was slow, and her face was clouded. The rainy weather outside the...
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...THE HISTORY OF MUSIC The Middle Ages 450-1450 Characteristics of Music Music comes from the Ancient Greek muses, who were the nine goddesses of art and science. Music actually began around 500 B.C. when Pythagoras experimented with acoustics and how math related to tones formed from plucking strings. The main form of music during the Middle Ages was the Gregorian chant, named for Pope Gregory I. This music was used in the Catholic Churches to enhance the services. It consisted of a sacred Latin text sung by monks without instrumentation. The chant is sung in a monophonic texture, which means there is only one line of music. It has a free-flowing rhythm with little or no set beat. The chants were originally all passed through oral tradition, but the chants became so numerous that the monks began to notate them. Music in Society Towards the end of the Middle Ages, about the 12th and 13th centuries, music began to move outside of the church. French nobles called troubadours and trouveres were among the first to have written secular songs. Music of this time was contained among the nobility, with court minstrels performing for them. There were also wandering minstrels who would perform music and acrobatics in castles, taverns, and town squares. These people were among the lowest social class, along with prostitutes and slaves, but they were important because they passed along information, since there were no newspapers. Links to Composers...
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...Vivaldi also used emotion in his music, but not quite the pure raw emotion Monteverdi had used. “The energy, passion, and lyricism of Vivaldi’s concerti and their instrumental colour and simple dramatic effects (which are obtained without recourse to contrapuntal artifice) rapidly passed into the general language of music” (Arnold). Out of the two artists I’ve chosen to compare, I like both of their music styles. My favorite composition by Antonio Vivaldi would have to be the Winter movement of Four Seasons, because I really love how much it kind of changes up at points, it reminds me of how the winters here in Oregon are kind of unpredictable weather wise sometimes, but at the same time we’re pretty lucky Thompson 3 compared to other places. My favorite composition by Claudio Monteverdi would have to be Arianna’s Lament. It’s such a beautiful piece and I really love the mysteriousness behind it due to the fact that the rest of the Opera was lost. It...
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...new opportunities, individuals may move categories. This essay is going to explore Hacking’s term dynamic nominalism through the illustration of some of the issues in the emo society. The concept of dynamic nominalism claims that in giving a name to a category a new opportunity is created for human types to adopt. New types of people start to exist that in some respects did not before. We can see this through the emergence of the emo society. The term emo is short for emotional it was first used as a description for a genre of music named emotional hardcore, with lyrics full of sad and depressed emotions. As the music became more popular adolescents found a sense of belonging within the music, (Gorce 2005) and a new possibility that allowed their emotions to be expressed emerged. As dynamic nominalism explains “new slots were created in which to fit”. (Hacking 2002:100) The emo society was custom made to fit the youth who wanted to express their emotion. The emo society and the emo person were born in unison, in the same way that dynamic nominalism states “a kind of person came into being at the same time as the kind itself was invented”(Hacking 2002:106) The emo person was created and roles, behaviours and mannerisms were adopted to work in with the society which will be discussed next. To understand the view in dynamic nominalism that labels actively influence those labelled, we can look at the behaviours, roles and mannerisms that were constructed around the new...
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...Her, is a film where a single man falls in love with his operating system. This film in many ways is a reflection on how our modern society operates, but is also a loose prediction on how we will live our lives if technology can be advanced enough to feel human emotions. There can be many branches of ideas after the generic question “Can the movie Her really happen?” my take would do with how classical music would be affected if technology was able to feel human emotions. Many others and I who promote classical music, would agree that technology should not be given the chance to advance as far as human emotions. Overall, the events in the film Her have the possibility of occurring in the future. Many music lovers and I are in favor...
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...Thtr 133 133 Production Response Paper Medea I went to theatre to watch the play “Medea” on Feb. 20th. This show was very impressive for me. It talks about a tragedy which is relevant with Medea and her husband Jason. This play expressed how Medea avenges her husband's betrayal. Medea is a witch who has strong power and becomes angry easily. As my opinion, she loves her husband very much, but on the other hand, she can be very cruel because of her love. She used her power to enthrone Jason. What was beyond our expectation is Jason becomes sick of Medea’s cruelty, and meanwhile, he loves the other girl who is king's daughter, Glauce. Medea plans to start her revenge. Two most memorable performances come from two actors who played Medea and Jason. Their performances are very believable. I can feel them from a lot of parts, such as their tones, expressions, body languages, and emotions. Personally speaking, Medea’s object is that she wants to revenge her cheating husband. Her obstacle is her enemies who are coming for her. Jason’s object is his desire. He wants to leave Medea, and also get a great chance for the throne. But the obstacle is Medea’s revenge, because Medea wants to murder him with poison. The specific action I saw in the play is their dispute. Medea becomes very angry when she saw Jason without any guilty. In the dispute, Medea slapped Jason heavily. In this part, I can feel her angry come to the climax. In the theatre, I specially pay attention to the audience...
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...throughout the movie Ludwig van Beethoven’s music defines the mood of each and every scene. For example, in the very beginning of the movie where they were showing Beethoven’s funeral they were using a very slow tempo and dramatic sounds in order to show the gloomy and upsetting atmosphere that was surrounding this particular scene. I think just by using the emotions of the people and further expressing it with his music accentuates everything to make it all fall in together, without it; it would be just a plain scene with people talking no emotions or anything. Throughout the film, the director showed and expressed the struggles that Beethoven had to endure due to his deafness. When they are trying to show the struggle that Beethoven has to endure with his deafness I noticed that they started to play a little more faster, and then I believe Beethoven could see what they were playing and that made him enjoy the music that much more. In the part where Beethoven was secretly playing so that no one could see him play, he put his head down on the piano because I believe he was trying to feel the vibrations of the piano in order to feel his music. I think that by just showing how he could love the music even though he had no way of ever hearing it shows the superior capability and love he had for music. Beethoven’s music is very emotional in ways some of us could never imagine and the movie The Immortal Beloved expresses each and every emotion that could be shown, as well as the very...
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...like this piece of music, it is to explain how it makes the listeners feel a certain way. I will do this by discussing what affects repetitions and other such musical gestures. These features are what makes one feel a specific emotion or mood and I will explain how this is possible by using John Walter Hill’s work and Johann Matheson’s The Complete Capellmeister. This song comes across as joyful to the listener. As...
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...is trying to get her attention so she looks over at him. She writes him a note informing him that she is deaf and refuses to speak and that her name is Emily. They start writing notes, and then transition into hanging out, texting and even liking each other. Then he realizes he just might have a date for prom. First he has to figure out how he will ask her. But one day just might change everything for the worst. An unexpected obstacle occurs and he has to figure out a resolution. The acting of the main characters, the setting where the short film takes place, and the music that is playing in the background all has a positive impact on my thought of this film. The acting in this film was highly significant. Due to the disabilities of Emily, it is critical for the acting to be dramatic. The acting from Brandon is very emotional. It is obvious what emotions he is feeling, and he expresses these emotions through his actions. When he is happy he shows it though his facial expressions. When he is angry he hits the paper towel dispenser and pushes the door. When he is stressed he washes his face, and when...
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...For the past seven years of my life music has been a big part of my life. Music is a teaching tool, a way to learn and envelop yourself, escape from the world when it becomes chaotic, and get out the thoughts and emotions that just cannot be expressed as words. And I have indulged myself in it from the start. I have become drum major of the Mary G. Montgomery Pride Marching Band, made MCPSS honor band, I sit first chair of my school’s symphonic band, and I am the lead alto saxophone in the MGM jazz band. Strangely enough, this all started with a divorce. When I was in the fourth grade my parents divorced, little did I know it was a blessing in disguise because in fifth grade my father remarried and that’s when it really began; my newfound older step-sister was in the exact same band that I now lead, and because of her I decided that I too wanted to join band. Immediately, I loved it; it came so naturally, and as I progressed, I was amazed at the things I could do with music the way the seemingly subtle change of one thing could completely change the entire experience, emotion, and message that existed within a piece of music. High school is where I truly blossomed as musician. As a freshman, I began playing in the jazz band (which developed into my favorite style to play), I made first chair in the symphonic band over three seniors and a junior, I began learning how to play the bassoon, and I began to teach myself piano and guitar. Currently, I play alto saxophone, bassoon, clarinet...
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...romantic music, we generally refer to it is a kind of music which tends to evoke a soft mood or dreamy atmosphere. However, it is partially true; many musical works in Romantic era produce strong, harsh sounds for agitated emotion. The characteristics of this period’s music are strongly tied to a word, “extreme”; that is, extreme in size, length, pitch, dynamics and tempo in most musical pieces. During this era, the musician has a greater freedom in form and design, and a more intense personal expression of emotion in which fantasy, imagination, and quest for adventure play an important part. Highly accomplished composers such as Frederic Chopin and Eugene Ysaye, had great technical virtuosity in playing piano and violin. Eugene Ysaye’ “Sonata No.2 in A minor, op. 27, no.2” is considered a miniature, a piece that is small in size and short length, consisting only of two movements. The first movement is a little bit vivacious, and the second movement is slower and softer. It is only performed by one performer and one instrument. Because of its short length, smaller size and relative simplicity, this instrumental piece is called a lyric or character piece, which “expresses one emotion or emotional journey.” The lyric or character piece is new genre that appeared in the Romantic period. The two musical elements Ysaye emphasized most are tempo and dynamic range. The violinist in both movements was struggling to express her personal emotions and manipulating the audience’s emotion by...
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