...Reconciliation First Published 2009 All rights reserved. ISBN 978-1-920219-18-5 Produced by Compress.dsl www.compressdsl.com CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 1 CHAPTER 1: Using history 5 The uses of liberation history in Zimbabwean politics • Historical context • ZANU PF’s ‘Patriotic History’ • Patriotic History’s detractors • What is Patriotic History? • The opposition’s use of history 5 5 6 6 8 CHAPTER 2: History in secondary and higher education 11 History curriculum development in Zimbabwe’s secondary schools and higher education institutions, and the implications for reconciliation, national healing and transitional justice • The growth in education since independence • History in secondary schools • History in higher education • A review of the NASS syllabus 11 11 14 17 CHAPTER 3: Teaching history 23 Challenges of teaching history in Zimbabwe, points of contention and consensus, and future prospects • Repression in tertiary institutions • Decline in secondary schools • National youth training service centres • Reasons for optimism 23 25 25 26 CHAPTER 4: Supporting history teaching 29 Supporting secondary and higher educators, and proposals towards learning sessions, modules and activities for history teaching • Funding education • Resurgence of liberal principles • Key proposals and teaching suggestions 29 30 30 CHAPTER 5: Teaching with Becoming Zimbabwe 33 How the Zimbabwe history book can offer opportunities to support history teaching at secondary and higher levels...
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...Solutions to Chapter 5 1. Explain the difference between connectionless unacknowledged service and connectionless acknowledged service. How do the protocols that provide these services differ? Solution: In an acknowledged connectionless network, reliable delivery can be achieved through the use of ACK and NAK transmissions. Such protocols are suited for communication over networks in which higher layers are sensitive to loss and the underlying network is inherently unreliable with a significant probability of loss or error. Unacknowledged networks provide simpler and faster communication for networks that are inherently reliable or provide service to higher layers that can tolerate information loss. 2. Explain the difference between connection-oriented acknowledged service and connectionless acknowledged service. How do the protocols that provide these services differ? Solution: The use of acknowledgments can provide reliable transfer over networks that are prone to error and loss. In connection oriented networks, every packet in a data flow travels on the same path through the network and the proper ordering of packets is guaranteed. In such networks, if a packet arrives out of order, the receiver immediately knows that a packet has been lost. In a connectionless network, the service needs a mechanism for dealing with unordered delivery of information. This is especially important for real-time or delay-sensitive traffic, which may require immediate retransmission and may not...
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...(Optional) Read each part of the question very carefully. Show all the steps of your calculations to get full marks. 1. End-of-chapter “Problems” # 2 of Chapter 4 of the textbook – Salvatore (7e). 2. End-of-chapter “Problems” # 3 of Chapter 4 of the textbook – Salvatore (7e). 3. End-of-chapter “Problems” # 4 of Chapter 4 of the textbook – Salvatore (7e). 4. End-of-chapter “Problems” # 6 of Chapter 4 of the textbook – Salvatore (7e). 5. End-of-chapter “Problems” # 9 of Chapter 4 of the textbook – Salvatore (7e). 6. End-of-chapter “Problems” # 10 of Chapter 4 of the textbook – Salvatore (7e). 7. End-of-chapter “Problems” # 12 of Chapter 4 of the textbook – Salvatore (7e). 8. End-of-chapter “Problems” # 13 of Chapter 4 of the textbook – Salvatore (7e). 9. End-of-chapter “Problems” # 15 of Chapter 4 of the textbook – Salvatore (7e). 10. End-of-chapter “Appendix Problems” # 1 of Appendix to Chapter 4 of the textbook – Salvatore (7e). 11. End-of-chapter “Appendix Problems” # 2 of Appendix to Chapter 4 of the textbook – Salvatore (7e). ANSWERS TO PROBLEMS 1. PC (the price of Chevrolets) is expected to be inversely related to QC (the quantity demand of Chevrolets) because of the law of demand. N (the size of the population) is expected to be directly related to QC because a larger population usually means more purchases. I (disposable income) is also expected to be directly related to QC because Chevrolets are normal goods (for most people). PF (the price of Fords) is expected to...
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...Mudaraba-based Investment and Finance by A.L.M. Abdul Gafoor* In any economy, private investment occurs in two different ways: active investment, where one or more persons put their own capital into a project, manage it themselves and enjoy the fruits of their labour and capital themselves; and passive investment, where the investor provides the capital and receives a return but takes no further part in the project. Broadly speaking, a passive investor has three options: one, buy shares in a company and receive a dividend; two, buy bonds or securities and receive interest; three, deposit in a bank and receive interest. In an Islamic economy, active investment and the first option are permissible while the last two options would be regarded as riba (interest) income and therefore prohibited. On the entrepreneur side, he may finance his project using his own capital, by selling shares in his enterprise, or by borrowing on interest (from a bank or by issuing bonds/securities). In an Islamic setting, the first two methods are permissible while the last is not. For clarity the scenarios are depicted in Tables 1 and 2. Table 1. Investment options for capital-holders Type of investment Mode of investment Type of return on capital Islamic position Active investment In own enterprise Profit or loss from the enterprise Allowed Passive investment Shares in a company Dividend (profit or loss) from the company Allowed Bonds/securities Fixed positive return (riba)...
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...telló even for the very participants of the process. Nevertheless, in this investigation, the author will explore four main questions. The first three questions are: 1) did the OPP set the Israelis and Palestinians on a trajectory that ìdoomedî CD2 from the start?; 2) were there problems inherent to the process and structure of CD2 that led to its failure?; and, 3) how should future mediation attempts of the Israeli-Palestinian conflict be structured in order to meet with more success? The fourth question, however, requires further introduction. The forthcoming study of CD2 will be guided by a ìProvisional Framework (PF)î of seven criteria that I believe are necessary ingredients to successful peacemaking processes. I devised this framework after consulting existing literature and scholars in the field of mediation and negotiation in general, as well as after reviewing scholarly pieces focusing on the Israel-Palestinian peace process in particular. Thus, after using this framework to analyze CD2, conclusions will thus be drawn with regard to a fourth and final question: is this prioritized framework an accurate and/ or useful tool for understanding peacemaking processes? 2 TABLE-OF-CONTENTS CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION................................................................................................................. 4 SECTION 1- RESEARCH QUESTIONS...
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...All-Star break is over, the second half of the season has begun. Baseball is back in full swing, but very little has been quiet in the rest of the sports world. Deflategate has finally come to an end. Tim Duncan decides to call it quits after an illustrious 19-year career. And NBA fans everywhere are on the edge of their seats wondering what else may emerge on the trade front this summer. After 18 months, New England Patriots QB, Tom Brady has decided to not pursue further legal action to have his 4 game suspension vacated. Patriots fans, of course, are annoyed and disgusted at the Deflategate debacle. Football fans outside of Patriot nation have mixed feelings. Regardless, of our views on Deflategate or on Goodell's dictator-like approach to being the commissioner, the verdict has been laid down. Garroplo will be the QB at the helm for the Patriots first 4 games. Everyone has their opinion. Mine, let's move on. However, I won't become a member of the Goodell fan club...
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...Chapter 17 Multinational Financial Management Learning Objectives After reading this chapter, students should be able to: ◆ Define the term “multinational corporation” and identify 7 primary reasons why firms go international. ◆ List 5 major factors that distinguish financial management in firms operating entirely within a single country from those that operate in several different countries. ◆ Briefly explain the following terms: international monetary system, exchange rate, spot exchange rate, forward exchange rate, fixed exchange rate, floating exchange rate, devaluation/revaluation of a currency, depreciation/appreciation of a currency, soft currency, and hard currency. ◆ Identify the different types of exchange rate systems. ◆ Distinguish between direct and indirect quotations, and American and European term quotations, and calculate cross rates between any two currencies. ◆ Differentiate between spot and forward rates, and explain what it means for a forward currency to sell at a discount or premium. ◆ Briefly explain the concept of interest rate parity and write the corresponding equation. ◆ Briefly explain the concept of purchasing power parity and write the corresponding equation. ◆ Explain the implications of relative inflation rates, or rates of inflation in foreign countries compared with that in the home country, on interest rates, exchange rates, and on multinational financial decisions. ◆ Distinguish between foreign...
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...CHAPTER 7: Classification of Employees I. REGULAR 1. those who are engaged to perform necessary or desirable activities for trade of employer, except when employment is fixed for specific term or project 2. casual employees who have rendered atleast (1) year of service, whether continuous or broken, with respect to activity which they’re employed * true despite written agreements that may state employee is not regular (prevent lopsided agreements and manipulations to keep employee on casual status) A. Standards 1. Activities Performed Are Necessary or Desirable In Usual Business of Employer * connection may be made by considering nature of work to be performed and its relation to the scheme of the business in its entirety * De Leon vs NLRC and La Tondena FACTS * Moises de Leon was employed by La Toneda in Dec 11, 1981 * Worked painting building, equipment, other maintenance jobs, cleaning and operating company equipment, assisting Emiliano (reg maintenance man) * Paid daily through petty cash vouchers * Jan 1983: requested to be included in payroll of regular workers, instead of petty cash vouchers * Terminated Moises = filed complaint for illegal dismissal, reinstatement, and payment of backwages * Weeks after dismissal he was rehired indirectly for same job in Vitas-Magsaysay Village Livelihood Council, labor agency of La Tondena * La Tondena claimed that he was only casual, hired to paint a certain building in company...
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...Chapter 27 Multinational Financial Management ANSWERS TO BEGINNING-OF-CHAPTER QUESTIONS Most of the questions are illustrated in the BOC spreadsheet model. 27-1 A purely domestic firm does not have to deal with exchange rates, different laws in different countries, transferring funds between subsidiaries in different countries, having to communicate in different languages, and so forth. All of these factors create complications and challenges for multinational firms. In spite of these challenges, there is a strong trend among corporations to “go global.” The primary motivation is profit—many firms can increase their rates of return on investment, and their stock prices, by going global. Some do it primarily to get raw materials; oil companies are an example. Others go global to expand their markets, which helps them cover huge development costs; this is true for producers of movies like Lord of the Rings. Others go global because production costs are lower overseas; this is true for most electronics firms. Still others buy from foreign suppliers; Wal-Mart and Nike are examples. Finally, banks, accounting firms, and other service companies are going global because their customers are doing so, and they must follow their customers or lose them. 27-2 (See the BOC model for data and examples of exchange rates.) From a U.S. perspective, an exchange rate tells us: a. Direct quotation: Number of dollars required to buy one unit of a foreign...
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...Project Report On “POWER FACTOR IMPROVEMENT USING BOOST CONVERTER” Submitted by BABLOO KUMAR (U06EE508) RAJ RAKESH (U06EE542) SUBHASH REDDY (U06EE569) VIKAS KUMAR (U06EE579) B. Tech (IV) ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING Year 2009 -2010 Under the Guidance of Mr. M. A. MULLA Department of Electrical Engineering Sardar Vallabhbhai National Institute of Technology, Surat. 1 CERTIFICATE This is to certify that the project report titled “Power Factor Improvement USING ”submitted by Babloo Kumar (U06EE508), Raj Rakesh (U06EE542), Subhash Reddy (U06EE569) and Vikas Kumar (U06EE579) is a record of bonafide work carried out by them, in fulfillment of the requirement for the award of the Degree of Bachelor of Technology. Date: 14-05-2010 Examiner 1: ____________ Examiner 2: ____________ Examiner 3: ____________ Examiner 4: ____________ GUIDE (Mr. M. A. Mulla) HOD (Prof. Mrs. V. A. Shah) ACKNOWLEDGMENT 1 We would like to express our deep sense of gratitude to our guide Mr. M. A. Mulla (Lecturer, EED, SVNIT, SURAT) for his valuable guidance and motivation and for his extreme cooperation to complete the project work successfully. We would like to express our sincere respect and profound gratitude to Prof. V. A. Shah, Head of Electrical Engineering Department for supporting us and providing the facilities for the project work. We appreciate all our colleagues whose direct and indirect contribution helped a lot to accomplish this project work. We would also...
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...Chapter 1 1. What is finance * Finance is the study of the flow of money * Borrowing and lending * Financial institutions-the middle man * Financial instruments and markets 2. Fields and jobs in finance * Money and capital market * Markets and institutions that provide short and long term capital: investment banks, banks, mutual funds, insurance companies, stockbrokers * Regulators: Fed, SEC (security and exchange commission) * Investments * Security analysis * Portfolio management * Market analysis * Financial management (corporate finance) 3. Forms of business organization * Sole proprietorship * Advantages: * Ease of formation * Subject to (受制于) few(很少) regulators * No corporate income taxes * Disadvantages: * Limited life * Unlimited liability * Difficult to raise capital * Partnership * Has roughly the same advantages and disadvantages as a sole proprietorship * Corporation * Advantages: * Unlimited life * Limited liability: why? * Fairness and efficiency * Ease of raising capital * Easy transfer of ownership * Capitalize future earnings into stock value today * Disadvantages (why corporation): * Double taxation * Cost of set-up and report filing * Profit sharing 4. Responsibility of financial staff * Investment and financing decisions * Forecasting and planning * Transactions in the financial markets ...
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...I. ------------------------------------------------- Chapter 2: Context and Background I n this chapter, we introduce the main concepts related to the problem we are addressing, in order to provide the casual reader with the necessary background information for this dissertation. As the title of this thesis is “Analysis of Security and QoS in Network with time constraints”, it is clear that our work requires a deep understanding of three main topics: security, Quality of Service (QoS) and network applications with time constraints. These three fundamental topics will be addressed in this chapter. 2.1. Security In today's business environment, users demand seamless connectivity and stable access to servers and networks wherever they are: hotels, airports, homes, or remote offices. While these functionalities are useful for business, they can only be diffused as such if we can minimize the security risks of transmitting sensitive data across the Internet. 2.2.1. Security Definition (Security Properties) Protecting information from unauthorized access, use, disclosure, disruption, modification, inspection, recording or destruction in order to provide confidentiality, integrity, and availability is the main goal of information security [NIST 2009]. Security is the ability of a computer system to withstand external physical stresses (fire, flooding, bombs, etc.) or logic (input errors, intrusions, hacking, malicious logic, etc.); this is generally the direction...
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...Solutions to End-of-Chapter Questions and Problems in Multinational Finance by Kirt C. Butler Second Edition PART I Overview and Background Chapter 1 Introduction to Multinational Finance Answers to Conceptual Questions 1.1 Describe the ways in which multinational financial management is different from domestic financial management. Multinational financial management is conducted in an environment that is influenced by more than one cultural, social, political, or economic environment. 1.2 What is country risk? Describe several types of country risk one might face when conducting business in another country. Country risks refer to the political and financial risks of conducting business in a particular foreign country. Country risks include foreign exchange risk, political risk, and cultural risk. 1.3 What is foreign exchange risk? Foreign exchange (or currency) risk is the risk of unexpected changes in foreign currency exchange rates. 1.4 What is political risk? Political risk is the risk that a sovereign host government will unexpectedly change the rules of the game under which businesses operate. 1.5 In what ways do cultural differences impact the conduct of international business? Because they define the rules of the game, national business and popular cultures impact each of the functional disciplines of business from research and development right through to marketing, production...
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...Alleviating malicious insider in Cloud through Offensive Decoy Technology BITS ZG628T: Dissertation By ARUN PRASATH M S (2013HT13268) Dissertation work carried out at L&T Info Tech LTD, Chennai BIRLA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY & SCIENCE PILANI (RAJASTHAN) November 2015 i Alleviating malicious insider in Cloud through Offensive Decoy Technology BITS ZG628T: Dissertation By ARUN PRASATH M S (2013HT13268) Dissertation work carried out at L&T Info Tech LTD, Chennai Submitted in partial fulfillment of M.Tech. Software Systems degree Programme Under the Supervision of Matthew Jones, Senior Software Engineer, L&T Info Tech, Chennai BIRLA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY & SCIENCE PILANI (RAJASTHAN) November 2015 ii CERTIFICATE This is to certify that the Dissertation entitled Alleviating malicious insider in cloud through offensive decoy technology and submitted by ARUN PRASATH M S having ID-No. 2013HT13268 for the partial fulfillment of the requirements of M.Tech. Software Systems degree of BITS, embodies the bonafide work done by him/her under my supervision. Signature of the Supervisor Place: Chennai Date: 31.10.2015 Matthew Jones, Senior Software Engineer, L&T Info Tech, Chennai iii Birla Institute of Technology & Science, Pilani Work-Integrated Learning Programmes Division First Semester 2015-2016 BITS ZG628T: Dissertation ABSTRACT BITS ID No. : 2013HT13268 NAME OF THE STUDENT : ARUN PRASATH MS EMAIL ADDRESS ...
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...ACC 444 EXAM 1 Chapter 1 * Introduction * System: set of two or more interrelated components that interact to achieve a goal. (systems consist of subsystems that support the larger system) * Goal conflict: when subsystem is inconsistent with the goals of another subsystem or with the system as a whole * Goal congruence: when a subsystem achieves its goals while contributing to the organization’s overall goal * Data: facts that are collected, recorded, stored and processed by an information system (activities, resource, people) * Information: data that have been organized and processed to provide meanings and improve the decision-making process (better decisions quantity and quality of information increase) * Information overload: when limits to the amount of information human mind can absorb and process are passes, resulting in a decline in decision making quality and increase in cost of providing that information * Information technology(IT): information designers use to help decision makers more effectively filter and condense information * Value of information: the benefit produced by the information minus the cost of producing it * Seven characteristics of useful information: relevant, reliable, complete, timely, understandable, verifiable, accessible (RRCTUVA) * Information needs and business process * Business process: a set of related, coordinated and structured activities and tasks that are performed by a person or by...
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