...Grid Energy Storage U.S. Department of Energy December 2013 Acknowledgements We would like to acknowledge the members of the core team dedicated to developing this report on grid energy storage: Imre Gyuk (OE), Mark Johnson (ARPA-E), John Vetrano (Office of Science), Kevin Lynn (EERE), William Parks (OE), Rachna Handa (OE), Landis Kannberg (PNNL), Sean Hearne & Karen Waldrip (SNL), Ralph Braccio (Booz Allen Hamilton). Table of Contents Acknowledgements ...................................................................................................................................... 1 . Executive Summary ....................................................................................................................................... 4 1.0 Introduction .......................................................................................................................................... 7 2.0 State of Energy Storage in US and Abroad .......................................................................................... 11 3.0 Grid Scale Energy Storage Applications .............................................................................................. 20 4.0 Summary of Key Barriers ..................................................................................................................... 30 5.0 Energy Storage Strategic Goals ...............................................
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...Publications (E) Energy 1-1-2010 The Role of energy storage with renewable electricity generation P. Denholm E. Ela B. Kirby M. Milligan Follow this and additional works at: http://digitalscholarship.unlv.edu/renew_pubs Part of the Oil, Gas, and Energy Commons, Power and Energy Commons, and the Sustainability Commons Repository Citation Denholm, P.; Ela, E.; Kirby, B.; and Milligan, M., "The Role of energy storage with renewable electricity generation" (2010). Publications (E). Paper 5. http://digitalscholarship.unlv.edu/renew_pubs/5 This Technical Report is brought to you for free and open access by the Energy at Digital Scholarship@UNLV. It has been accepted for inclusion in Publications (E) by an authorized administrator of Digital Scholarship@UNLV. For more information, please contact marianne.buehler@unlv.edu. The Role of Energy Storage with Renewable Electricity Generation Paul Denholm, Erik Ela, Brendan Kirby, and Michael Milligan Technical Report NREL/TP-6A2-47187 January 2010 The Role of Energy Storage with Renewable Electricity Generation Paul Denholm, Erik Ela, Brendan Kirby, and Michael Milligan Prepared under Task No. WER8.5005 NREL/TP-6A2-47187 January 2010 Technical Report National Renewable Energy Laboratory 1617 Cole Boulevard, Golden, Colorado 80401-3393 303-275-3000 • www.nrel.gov NREL is a national laboratory of the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Operated by the Alliance...
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...need of energy storage devices, remarkable research has been done to reduce the cost of energy storage systems. The incorporation of energy storage system is always beneficial. But the major issue is that storage equipments are expensive. Therefore, economical aspects of storage system have to be considered before implementation. The cost and other economical aspects associated with different energy storage systems are described further. Storing electricity in power plant provides cost saving opportunities. Large scale energy storage also known as grid energy storage has become an integral part of power plant (Sioshansi, 2011). The wide spread use of renewable sources to generate electricity is made possible because of efficient...
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...THE EFFECT OF ENERGY PRICES ON TRANSPORTATION AND STORAGE SECTOR’S EQUITY RETURNS: THE IRANIAN CASE by ABSTRACT The purpose of this study is to examine the effect of oil and gas prices on transportation and storage sector’s equity returns in Iran. To this end, we analyze Iranian transportation and storage sector index for the period from the first week of January 2005 until the third week of March 2010. Based on the multifactor model and using time-series regression, our findings indicate that oil price is not an important determinant of returns in transportation and storage sector. Similarly, the findings suggest that gas price movements do not seem to play a role for transportation and storage sector. However, consistent with the capital asset pricing model (CAPM), the market portfolio is a significant pricing factor in the sector’s stock returns. In addition, the estimated regression indicates that the exchange rate is not priced for this sector’s stock returns. The results of this study help domestic and potential foreign investors to understand the effect of energy price changes on transportation and storage sector stock returns in order to manage their portfolio effectively. KEYWORDS Energy prices, Transportation and storage sector, Equity returns, Iran INTRODUCTION Recent years have witnessed massive price movements of the energy markets. The price of energy has a large impact on economy of the world (Huang et al., 1996; Nandha & Brooks, 2009; Chen et al., 1986; Nandha...
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...1.0 Super Capacitor Lab 2.0 Flywheel Lab 3.0 Introduction to Labview 1.0 SUPER CAPACITOR LAB The aim of this task is to observe charge and discharge characteristics of a super capacitor, after that to compare achieved and theoretical characteristics. 1. 1: Recording the Supercapacitors Charge Characteristic PANASONIC - EECHW0D306 - CAPACITOR, RADIAL, 30F, 2.3V Farnell 1305076 Using the battery discharge test PCB setup the charging experiment as shown below but DO NOT connect the capacitor. The current may exceed 500 mA so SET THE AMMETER TO THE 10A RANGE (using the correct terminal). Turn on the 5V supply and check the voltmeter reading is between 2.0V & 2.3V, record this value. If the voltage is correct switch off the supply and connect the capacitor observing the correct polarity. Now Turn on the 5V supply, this will immediately start charging the capacitor. Record in your logbook the voltage and current at 30 second intervals for ten minutes. Continue to record the voltage and current at one minute intervals until the capacitor reaches the voltage recorded above. It is important to record the time from the moment of connecting the current meter whenever recording values, rather than the interval. ************************************************************************ Table 1.1 Achieved results from capacitor charging Time, min | Voltage , V | Current , A | 0.5 | 0.53 | 0.45 | 1 | 0.82 | 0.43 | 1.5 | 1.08 | 0.4 | 2 | 1.26...
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...Low Carbon Energy Region (SOLCER) The aim of the SOLCER project is to implement combinations of existing and emerging low carbon technologies through a systems based approach in order to optimise the use of energy at the point of generation. Background In May 2014, GB-Sol in collaboration with Warm Wales - Cymru Gynnes (WWCG) successfully won a contract with the Welsh School of Architecture (WSA) at Cardiff University to deliver a set of domestic retrofits as part of the Smart Operation for a Low Carbon Energy Regions ‘SOLCER’ project. The overall aim of the SOLCER project was to implement existing & emerging low carbon technologies through a systems based approach at different scales, from building, through community to local authority/regional & to learn appropriate lessons about how to secure wider implementation of these technologies.. The systems based approach refers to the combination of renewable energy supply, electrical or thermal storage together with demand reduction technologies. Funding for the SOLCER project is from the WEFO funded LCRI Convergence Energy Programme which was launched in September 2009 with funding of more than £15 million from the European Regional development Fund, through the Welsh Government & matched with £19 million from Welsh Universities & Industry. The retrofit programme of contracted works saw GB-Sol, WWCG & the WSA with the common aim to integrate low carbon systems - renewable energy supply, storage & demand...
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...leadership Award from Frost & Sullivan 2006 Tie-up with Hyundai, Formation of Hyundai Power Products 2004 Tie-up for Battery Technology with Eagle Pitcher Inc. USA 1991 First inverter rolled out 2004 First Battery Manufacturing plant came into existence 2000 First Luminous product got exported 1980’s 1990’s 2000’s Luminous in brief 5,000+ People 7 Factories 130+ R&D resources 28 Sales Offices Business Overview Luminous Group Power Back-up Devices • Home UPS • Line Interactive / Online UPS Power Storage (Batteries) • Inverter Batteries • Automotive Batteries • Solar Batteries • Traction Batteries • VRLA Batteries • Telecom Batteries Electrical Products • Life Style Portfolio o o Fans Electrical Wiring Accessories Final Distribution Products Wires & Cables Enterprise Business • Managed Service Business • Projects for data center setup Other Project Renewable Energy Solutions • Wind Project • Solar Project • Hybrid Project • Diesel Generator sets • Solar Panels • Solar Home Lighting Systems • Solar Charge Controller • Solar Lantern • Safety Portfolio o o Established Businesses Emerging Businesses Power Back-Up Devices • Home UPS - Very little maintenance, powerful performance and all-round protection makes this product...
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...where thieves break in and steal.” – Matthew 6:19 Actually, most people do store up their treasures on Earth, so much so in fact, that quite a few people are filling up their own treasure chests by renting out storage space. Self-Storage is an industry in which storage space is rented out to tenants, usually on a monthly basis. The storage space is usually in the form of a room, container or locker. Access to the space is usually secured by the tenant’s own lock and key. Clients include individuals, who usually store household goods, as well as businesses, which use the facilities for storing inventory or archives. As of 2009, there was approximately 2.3 billion square feet of rentable storage space in the US. The first modern self-storage facilities appeared in the US in the 1960s. The self-storage business was meant to provide individuals with space to deal with “life events”: moving, marriage, divorce etc. American workers have always been quite mobile, and the end of the 20th century, with its increasing divorce rates, and rush of transitions to 2nd or 3rd homes, saw a significant increase in the number of life events. However, by the end of the 1990s, demand was growing at a faster rate than explained by these factors. From 2000 to 2005, the number of self-storage facilities almost doubled, with 3000 new facilities built each year. Since the 1990s, demand was increasingly driven by the accumulation of goods, fuelled in part by increasing real disposable income. Individuals...
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...had hearing as that of a blind person, I would be able to Recognize someone that I knew based on the sound of his or her voice including the pitch. I would be Able to determine if they are happy or sad based on the sound of their voice. 3. Semantic (meaning) as in certain cultures and professions people have different meanings and Nicknames for item and people. A prime example would be in the African American culture a Light-skinned person is referred to as “Red Bone”. Memory Storage Memory is stored two ways according to Miller (1956): 1. Short Term Memory (STM). This is memory that is stored for a brief duration which Could consist of 0-30 seconds. 2. Long Term Memory (LTM). This is memory that can last a lifetime and is thought to Be unlimited. An example would be remembering something that happen at two years of Age and through adulthood. Memory Retrieval Memory retrieval refers to getting information out of storage. I would...
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...accountability outcome. SUMMARY OF QUALIFICATIONS • DIRECT, PLAN AND IMPLEMENT THE QUALITY IMPROVEMENT OF A CUSTOMER FOCUSED TEAM DEVELOPING STRATEGIC RELATIONSHIPS WITH INTERNAL, EXTERNAL CUSTOMERS AND DEPARTMENTS. Professional Experience Supervisor February 2013 to January 2014 KARMA STORE • Determined inventory requirements; requisitioned, received, stored, and issued supply items. • Applied proper accounting procedures; conducted recurring inventories. • Issued supplies to personnel per budgetary constraints. • Received incoming shipments and verified against invoices. • Ensured proper storage, rotation (FIFO), and stocking of merchandise; maintained stringent controls on supply usage and rotation. • Maintained/updated records using automated and manual processes. • Analyzed statistical data to determine trends; coordinated logistical activities and reviewed policies. • Computed supply usage, stockage levels, order points, and economic order quantities. • Collated and analyzed data, and prepared management reports and summaries. Inventory/Document Control • Prepared and calculated all inventory and cost data; remained within budgetary goals. • Received, collated and maintained supply/logistic operations documents. • Reviewed property books and adjustment documents for correctness;...
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...Memory is how we can remember all the things that we experience in day-to-day life. Memory can be broken down into 3 basic processes; Encoding: the initial recording of information as a memory. Storage: when information is saved for future use. Retrieval: when the brain recalls information that has been saved. This process happens all within a matter of seconds. There are 3 different types of memory; sensory, short-term and long-term. Sensory memory is remembering how a place smelled or sounded. This form of memory typically lasts about 1 second. Short-term memory stores things that you only need to remember for a brief period of time. For example; remembering your grocery list when you go shopping. This is something you only remember for a few hours, however some short-term memories only last 15-20 seconds. The third type of memory is long-term memory, which is one of the most complicated parts of memory. Long-term memory can be broken down into 5 parts; general long-term, declarative, procedural, semantic and episodic....
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... Capacity Dumping = = [pic] = 2250 BBL/Hour Destoning = 3x 1,500 BBL/Hour = 4500 BBL/Hour Dechaffing (dry) = 2x1,500 BBL/Hour = 3,000 BBL/Hour Dechaffing (wet) =1x1,500 BBL/hour = 1,500 BBL/Hour Drying = 3x200 BBL/Hour = 600 BBL/Hour Separating = 3x400 BBL/Hour = 1200 BBL/Hour Bailey Mills = 3x400 BBL/Hour = 1200 BBL/Hour Processing Requirement Total: 16,400 BBLs / 12 hours = 1,367 BBL/Hour Dry Berries: 1,367 BBL/Hour x 30% = 410 BBL/Hour. Wet Berries: 1,367 BBL/Hour x 70% = 957 BBL/Hour. Conclusion: Processing at 600 BBL/hour, dryer is the bottleneck. Current System Performance Analysis Dryers can process only 600 BBL/Hour. Storage bins (wet) fill at a rate of 957 – 600 = 357 BBL/Hour. 357...
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...the target i.e. server side data storage center. In this case of Deduplication the client is not modified and is totally not knowing or aware of any Deduplication mechanism happening at the target side. Target-based Deduplication accomplished by the backup servers and hardware appliances at target which having ability to perform and handle those Deduplication activities. That means there is no overhead on the client or server being backed up. Thus the result of this kind of technology i.e. target based Deduplication drastically raise the storage utilization, but at the same time it fails to meet bandwidth saving perspectives. 3.2.2. Source based de-duplication In this scenario Deduplication performed on client side i.e. before it transmitted By processing the data before transmitting we can reduce the transmitted amount of data and therefore it reduces the network bandwidth and this less bandwidth is required for the backup software. Deduplication on source side uses the engine at client side which checks for the duplication against the Deduplication index which is located on the backup server. This is done with the help of the backup agent who is aware of the Deduplication which is located at the client side and who is responsible for backs up only unique data or blocks. And those unique blocks of data will be transmitted to the disk. The result of this kind of technology i.e. source based Deduplication improves bandwidth as well as the storage utilization. ...
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...A unique wheelchair company is raising funds to donate wheelchairs to Haiti. Whirlwind Wheelchair International specializes in building wheelchairs designed for use in developing nations. These chairs are rugged, and able to stand up to challenging terrain such as rocky, sandy, muddy, or debris-strewn roads - the type of many of the roads in Haiti since this month's massive earthquake. Whirlwind Wheelchair International, a program of the Center for Community and Civic Engagement, was formed in San Francisco in 1989 by Peter Pfaelzer, a professor at San Francisco State University and Ralf Hotchkiss. Hotchkiss, an engineer and wheelchair designer, was paralyzed in a motorcycle accident. His inspiration for designing wheelchairs arose from his efforts to design a better wheelchair for himself. Soon he began designing wheelchairs for others. In response to the rapidly growing number of people with disabilities as a result of this disaster, Whirlwind Wheelchair International launched Wheelchairs for Haiti. They hope to be able to send chairs from their factory in Mexico to Haitians with disabilities that have no other way of getting around. Thousands of people have had limbs amputated either from being crushed while trapped in buildings, or in an effort to save their lives. Some have been paralyzed due to brain or spinal cord injuries. These specially designed wheelchairs offer mobility and independence for people with disabilities. There is another aspect of this project that offers...
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...through the production department without causing stoppage of production due to shortage of materials. STORE MANAGEMENT Store keeping is a primarily a service function in which the store keeper acts as a custodian of all items carried in the store. Store management should aim at providing the service as efficiently as possible with minimum possible cost. Store keeping may be defined as a function of receiving, storing and issue of raw materials, bought-out parts and components, spare parts, tools, consumables, supplies and stationery items etc. to the user departments. FUNCTIONS OF STORE MANAGEMENT * To receive raw materials, components, tools, equipments and other items and account for them. * To provide adequate and proper storage and preservation of various kinds of materials. * To meet the demands of the user departments by proper issues and keeping account of items used b user departments. * To highlight accumulation of stocks, discrepancies and abnormal consumption and implement proper control measures. * To ensure good housekeeping to facilitate proper material handling, material preservation, receipt, stocking and issue of...
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