...to modify the drawings. All these are great tools compared to manually drawing , this can cut out a lot of time and using CAD also ensures that the drawings are drawn 1:1 and with no tolerance, this means that for the manufactures it is a lot easier to make as there is no faults in the drawing and it can provide many views with all the dimensions required, it can also show assembly drawings of the parts that you are making, showing how it all fits together with key just the key dimensions making it easier for whoever is manufacturing the product. One of the main reasons that CAD is a big advantage over drawing by hand when designing products is that you can change the dimensions of your products and modify it if it goes wrong, this gives an advantage over drawing it by hand because if you dimension the product wrong you have to start all over again whereas on CAD you can just undo what you did and correct the mistake, CAD also allows you to draw perfectly at a 1:1 scale. This is an advantage for the people modelling the product as they don’t need to think about fitting it on one page and if they have to scale up or down to make sure that it fits on the page. As CAD can get 100% accuracy on all the measurements it could help the company save a lot of time as it wouldn’t take anywhere near as long as it would to draw up the model with correct measurements and dimensions this can save money for companies if you’re running against a deadline or need to get a drawing into a meeting...
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...Lab Assignment Part A – Analysis of Literature Data 1. Proof Stress vs Cold Work 600 500 Proof stress (MPa) 400 15µm 300 200 100 0 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 Cold work (%) 70µm Sample 5 - 15µm Sample 5 - 70µm Figure 1 – Proof Stress vs Cold Work of 70/30 Brass As can be seen from Figure 1, the 0% cold worked points (Sample 5) for each grain size is in line with the curve of the other four points. The amount of proof stress increases with increased cold work, but approaches an asymptote at a point of maximum increase in proof stress. Cold working uses processes such as drawings to deform the grains in a material, thereby increasing the proof stress of the material. 2. (i) Grain size strengthening is a process that reduces the sizes of the grains in a material, typically by annealing. This works to increase the strength of the material through the fact that grain boundaries act as a barrier to dislocations. As can be seen in Figure 1, decrease in grain size causes an increase in proof stress. Cold working involves plastically deforming a material such that dislocations become concentrated. These dislocations then become entangled, hindering further dislocation movement, thereby increasing the strength of the material. As can be seen in Figure 1, proof stress can be increased dramatically by cold work hardening, but only to a point. (ii) Grain size strengthening and cold work hardening can be used together to form a much stronger material. Grain size strengthening reduces...
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...Museum Paper In this week’s class, we all made a visit to San Francisco Museum of Modern Art. Actually, this was my first time to take a tour to a museum in U.S. Museum is a place worth visiting, and it really was a better experience for me. I saw so many artworks in this big museum. Now, I select three of these artworks to share with you. They completely shocked me and gave a deep expression at first sight. First of all, I want to show my favorite one to you. It is called “bridge”, and it was painted by Joseph Stella. He was an American but born in Italy, Stella immigrated to the United States at the age of eighteen, and his paintings always express the shock and admiration he felt as a European who came to Manhattan from an older, more traditional culture. Stella moved to Brooklyn in 1916, and crossed this bridge regularly. He did several paintings of the bridge, all from the same viewpoint. His perspective captures the impression you get when you walk over the bridge. In my opinion, Bridge combines Futurist elements with American subjects, and it was showed me strong technology and modern feeling. From the brief introduction of this artwork, I also saw Joseph Stella's own words about the bridge: "Seen for the first time, as a weird metallic Apparition under a metallic sky…supported by the massive dark towers dominating the surrounding tumult of the surging skyscrapers with their gothic majesty sealed in the purity of their arches, the cables, like divine messages from above...
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...deeds. The main factor of the poor and homelessness is starvation, the need for food is harming the poor’s health and days of life. So, the first thing I would draw would be multiple factories that produce unlimited amount of free artificial and organic food for the dirt poor to aid them in their needs. The poverty in our world is outrageous and in danger of needing help. In my kindness I’d also love to help them by supplying them a home. A creation of multiple apartments in countries who need them the most like Ghana, Nigeria and others located in Africa would be fascinating. Helping others composes my feelings into feeling courteous and grateful for what I accomplish. No better feeling than knowing you rescued multiple human lives. Drawing everything I “want” and do not need is being selfish if I am already living a good healthy life. When you have the power of creating whatever you want you have to cautious and careful into choosing what to draw. The capability of the magic purple crayon is deadly and you should use it...
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...You have 8 steps to drawing a single color illustration. Can you simply explain them? [Rough sketch] For a single illustration, the composition is very important. I have to think about what kind of illustration I want, and what kind of message I want to convey. Because it's only a single illustration, from there the viewer will imagine what kind of scene or story is taking place, so I have to consider the composition and the characters' expressions. (For example, "These two are in the helicopter's searchlight and are being chased across the rooftops...!" or "These two are heading to a formal party♪ They'll be drinking champagne♪") There have been plenty of times when it took me several days to draw countless rough sketches until I made one that I liked (^^; If I don't decide the lines for inking during the rough sketch stage, I'll mess up later on. [Underdrawing] Once I've decided on the rough sketch, I take the paper that I'll do the coloring on and attach the rough sketch underneath, then use a light table to reproduce the drawing. However, even if I trace the illuminated image, I'll never get exactly the same drawing... The characters' expressions that I've spent so much time deciding on will end up changing a little at this stage, so I make some minute adjustments while taking care to not damage the paper. The paper I use is gentle and becomes fuzzy easily, so I have to be very mindful. That's because when you apply color ink to a damaged part, it...
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...many artists that are well known to us these days even though they died many years ago, e.g. Pablo Picasso, Leonardo da Vinci, and Van Gogh. They became famous because of there high quality work that gave an affect on people when they saw the painting. In my opinion not all paintings are thought to be art because some of them do not make sense. Maybe the person who drew it understands what it meant but for me I don’t understand it. The painter should be straight forward when trying to tell the audience something in his painting. Putting many different pictures or shapes in a painting in a weird way makes the quality of it very low without any form of organization. A person before painting should organize his/her thoughts at first so when drawing he/she will have a goal that he/she want to show. The image above is one of my favorite paintings. It is called Leaf Album and it was painted by Chen Hongshou. I liked because it gave me the sense of sympathy and harmony. The colors of it are very soft and...
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...astronaut, a teacher, a race-car driver, a tattoo artist, a janitor. What would I be? I felt as though my days of playing in the sandbox and eating glue were over - I had to plan my future. But there, face to face with my teacher, I declared, "A giraffe!" My teacher stared at me for a long time; I still wonder what was going through her head. Maybe she thought I was on special medication or my parents were free-spirited hippies who taught me I could be whoever (or whatever) I wanted. Then she just smiled and turned back to the class. "Children, next Friday is 'Bring Your Kids to Work Day.' All of you will join one of your parents at his or her job and learn about what they do for a living. And on Monday, you'll share that by drawing a picture about your day! Won't that be exciting?" She clasped her hands and grinned at the rugrats sitting below her. Just then her eyes focused on a small jelly-covered hand that shot up into the air. "Can I go to the potty?" Apparently my class was not as excited as my teacher had hoped. A small light bulb flashed above my head, however, as an idea came to mind. I'll go to work with Daddy! I decided. That way I can grow up and still watch cartoons, just like him! My father is an animator for Disney Studios. I never really knew what an animator did, only that he came home with movies like "Aladdin," "Cinderella" and "Beauty and the Beast." We would all gather on the couch and watch, but...
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...influenced by socio-cultural factors such as the medias influence in everyday life and functioning, to the role of women, acceptable and non acceptable behaviours and forms of outlets that was once seen as acts against morality and obedience yet through time and growth of a new generation it has became widely accepted. Potential directions have contributed greatly to the development of my final art works. Initially I had the desire to create a sculpture using wire therefore I had multiple trials using different wire thickness as well as sizes however it presumed to be extremely hard to handle and heavily time consuming. Upon researching different art methods and techniques I came across a new form of pencil drawing called ‘gesture drawing.’ A gesture drawing is basically a quick drawing that captures the essential gesture of a subject in its most distilled form. I thought that this proved to be quite ironic (particularly to my subject matter) I found humor in this and instantly fell in love with the idea. Then I realised that gesture is everywhere, embodies in every object, person and place. It is action, emotion, movement and expression all rolled together into one cohesive...
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...catches your eye to the main idea this way. The figures are distorted. They don’t have a real sense of balance or proportion. They tend to be formed how they want. The body’s on the figures for example are never really accurate to one another or too symmetrical obviously if there’s an arm on one side their tends to be on the other side but they may not always align or be doing the same thing. In my opinion and from my point of view, no. He doesn’t have an equal or a rule book he follows. He does what he feels should be done and he leaves his representation of how it appears or should appear to him. He has his own ideas and isn’t afraid to follow them. The focal point in his painting is the figure sitting. He achieves this focal point by drawing smaller lines around it that draw your eye to the...
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...OF THIRD TERM EXAMINATION SECTION A (50 MARKS) 1) How loud or soft a music is termed ………………………….. a. Dynamic b. Rhythm c. pitch 2. Using alphabet to create patterns by arranging and pasting is called …………………………….. a. letter colle b. frottage c. drawing 3. The combination of long and short sounds in music is called…………………….. a. dynamics b. rhythm c. pitch 4. In music how high or low the music is termed ………………………………. a. dynamics b. rhythm c. pitch 5. In dancing when someone lift the arm high and wave in the air it can be referred to as ….............. a. instruments b. ensemble c. gesture 6. A design or a pattern used as a decoration is called ………………………………… a. appliqué b. pattern c. motif 7. A type of needle work in which small pieces of fabric are sewn or stuck in a pattern onto a larger piece is ……………………………….. a. appliqué b. pattern c. motif 8. ………………………………… is the expression of feelings and ideas using tools like pencil, crayon, and charcoal on a flat surface. a. Drawing b. Frottage c. Letter colle 9. A way in which something such as lines, shapes, colours are arranged to form a design is called ……………………………………….. a. colouring b. drawing c. pattern making 10. Rubbing the surface of paper against a rough surface using pencil, crayon or charcoal is called ………………………………………… a. letter colle b. frottage c. copying 11. Which of these is used for measuring? a. needle b. thimble c. tape measure ...
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...In the Makers video about artist Faith Ringgold, Ringgold gives a brief summary of how she came into the world of art and what she fought for while she was an artist. Ringgold was born in the Great Depression in the city of Harlem, the center of African American culture in the United States at the time. The Harlem Renaissance had happened just a couple of years before, and it would have an influence on Ringgold’s career as an artist. She ventured into the world of art when she was young and began creating story quilts. Next, she talked about her movement to get more women representation in art museums, especially the Whitney Museum. While watching the video, I felt inspired and happy because of how Faith Ringgold, despite being a minority...
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...year later, Delacroix traveled to London and studied English painters he admired. He believed his trip brought him closer to imitating Rubens colorful style. It was shown in his Liberty Leading the People piece. He continued traveling but, his time spent in Morocco changed him for good. Delacroix was breath taken by the foreign culture and that was when he died to paint Arab subjects for the rest of his career. During Delacroix last years, he spent them decorating the ceilings and walls of government buildings because his murals made him feel closer to this idol, Michelangelo. Some of Delacroix's canvases in his last year include The Battle of Taillebourg and many more. In 1863, Delacroix died in France. Besides his many paintings, drawings and watercolors, Delacroix left behind a legacy that would forever change the art world, and definitely inspiring the Impressionist and Post-Impressionist painters. Today, Eugene Delacroix is remembered as one of the world's most influential French Romantic painters. ...
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...DRAWING II Brief History of Drawing • As old as human race • Pre-historic Art → Cave paintings (Chauvet & Lascaux, France, and Altamira, Spain) • Ancient Egyptian Art • Ancient Greek Art • Ancient Roman Art • Ancient Chinese Art • Ancient Japanese Art • Medieval Art • Gothic Art • Italian Renaissance (Michelangelo, Pontormo, Hans Holbein) • Northern Europe (Pieter Bruegel, Rembrandt) o Not many examples of early drawings b/c people then didn’t consider them as final products like paintings and sculptures…burned/destroyed drawings after creating the painting/sculpture o Portrait Drawing: Watteau, Giambattista o Pencil Drawings: Turner, Constable, Delcroix o Edgar Degas • 16th Century Art (Mannerism) • 17th Century Art (Baroque) • 18th Century Art (Rococo) • 19th Century Art (Neo-Classicism, Romanticism, Realism, Impressionism) • Late 19th Century (Neo-Impressionism/Pointillism, American Art) • Early 20th Century (Fauvism, Expressionism, Cubism) • 1925 – Present (Surrealism, Abstract Expressionism, Pop Art, Super-Realism, Digital Drawing/Illustration/Design) Brief Intro to Drawing Tools/Materials and Media (will discuss further during different units/topics of drawing) Media: Pencil, Graphite, Charcoal, Pastel, Oil Pastel/Crayon, Color Pencil, Pen & Ink Tools: eraser (gum, kneaded, vinyl), blending stump/tortillons, nibs, x-acto knife, pencil sharpener, sketchbook, drawing board/surface, brush, fixative, compass, ruler, sandpaper Paper: watercolor...
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...02/23/13 4.1 My favorite material from the Drawing media would have to be pen and ink. I find it interesting how many ways there are to get ink on paper that I never thought of before. I especially like the sponge idea when you soak it and swipe it on the page. Pen and Ink was used in Rembrandt’s Cottage among Trees (6.11) in Getlein’s text. He used different kinds of pens to draw varied lines in the painting. My favorite material from the Painting media would have to be Fresco. The process of using Fresco is interesting. It is using pigments that are mixed with water and applying them to a wet lime plaster support. When the plaster dries, the lime undergoes a chemical transformation and fuses the pigment with the plaster surface. Fresco is used in the Mixtec Culture by Diego Rivera. From the Print media, my favorite the woodcut. I find it very creative to draw a desired image on a block of wood, and creating all sorts of works of art with it. The earliest surviving woodcut image was made in China in 868 C.E. which portrayed Buddha preaching at the Diamond Sutra (Getlein 8.2). From the Sculpture media, my favorite is material is blocks of material and cuts used for carving. Tilman Riemenschneider uses this when he carved Virgin and Child on the Crescent Moon (Getlein 11.8). Jeff Koons is an American artist who is well known for his reproductions of banal objects. He is from Pennsylvania, but lives and works in New York City. In 1992, he was commissioned by three art dealers...
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...shut down (or not built if they don’t exist). Take the instance of the paper industry. We assume total demand for paper will be equal to 75,000 tonnes. There are three firms interested by this market: Alpha, Bravo and Romeo. Each one has production units whose costs per tweety and whose capacity are illustrated in the table below. Firm Production Unit Cost per tonne Capacity Alpha Alpha 1 700 40,000 Alpha 2 850 25,000 Bravo Bravo 1 750 25,000 Bravo 2 1200 100,000 Romeo Romeo 1 1000 10,000 1. Which units will produce in this market? Be precise and illustrate with a drawing. 2. What will be the market price for the tonne of paper? Show graphically the profits that each unit (Alpha 1, Alpha 2, Bravo 1, ...) will be making. 3. Bravo is wondering if it should increase the capacity of Bravo 1. What would be the consequences of such a decision? Illustrate this with a new drawing. 4. Alpha is reconsidering its position on the market and its strategy of maintaining two units (Alpha 1 and Alpha 2) open. What advantages could the firm draw from closing down Alpha...
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