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Engineering Management

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PROJECT #1 ANSWERS

1.

(a) How does the job of supervisor or first-line manager differ from that of a

higher manager? (b) How does the job of a top manager [executives] differ from those of the several levels of middle managers? (4 points each) (a) The first-line supervisor or manager is unique - manages only non-managers, has the shortest-range viewpoint, and the best understanding of the technology of his group. As the level of the manager increases, the manager will deal with longer-range concerns and need more conceptual/strategic skills. (b) Top managers are responsible for the future of the company and normally have no full time managers above them (except the Board of Directors or other elected persons). Their decisions bear on a longer time span and have a greater financial impact. 2. Under what conditions might each of the following structures of

departmentalization be desirable: functional, geographic, customer, product and process? (8 points) Functional departmentation is common with smaller organizations, where only one manager skilled in each function can be afforded, and is also used at various levels in almost any organization. Geographic departmentalization is desirable where regional differences make regional coordination between functions necessary; with modern communication it is seldom justified simply because of distance. Customer departmentalization is best use when adapting to customer differences and requirements is essential, such as in the design and manufacture of defense versus industrial goods or in sales to chain stores versus independent retailers. Product departmentalization is best used when coordination between functions regarding specific products become more

Page 1 of 1

important than within those functions. Process departmentalization is best used where equipment is so expensive, immobile, or critical that it

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