...22/01/2014Wednesday | II Sem -B.A Programmes HEPEPS | English | Languages/Ad. English | | Political Science | Principles of Macro Economics | Contemporary IndiaSociology | PSEngPSEcoJPEng | English | Languages/Ad .English | | BasicPsychologicalProcesses -II | Principles of Macro Economics British Literature | Foundations of SociologyJournalism | CEP | English | Languages/Ad .English | | BasicPsychologicalProcesses -II | British Literature | Software applicationFor print media & the web | TCE(Theatre Studies) | | | | Introduction toMusic & Dance –II | | | PEP | English | Languages/Add.English | | Basic PsychologicalProcess –II | British Literature | Dynamics of DanceMusic & Theatre | II Sem -B.Sc Programmes CME | English-- | 9:30 to 11:30 amLang/Ad .English | | Computer Science Data Structures & operating system | Electronics | Differential Calculus | | | 2:30 to 4:30 pmIntegral Calculus | | | | | EMSCMS | English | 9:30 to 11:30 amLang/Ad .English | Statistics ( 9:30 to 11:30 am)(Examination will be held in separate room for Stats; check the notice board) | Computer ScienceOperating Systems & Data Structures using C | Principles of MacroEconomics | Differential Calculus | | | 2:30 to 4:30 pmIntegral Calculus | | | | | PMEPCM | English | 9:30 to 11:30 amLang/Ad .English | | Physics | Electronics Chemistry-II(Theoretical & In-Organic...
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...INTRODUCTORY NOTES Introductory points about Commercial Law 1. Ignorance of the law is no excuse as a defence 2. PLAINTIFF – brings the action DEFENDANT – defends the action 3. Burden of proof is on the Plaintiff (Applicant) 4. Standard of proof is on the balance of probabilities (degree of proof) 5. Result in Court or a Tribunal is a JUDGEMENT 6. The Court may also apply a REMEDY such as awarding damages or costs or both 7. The law is just a collection of RULES that must be enforced for the protection of all citizens. 8. ETHICS is also a set of rules that a person or institution decides to follow. The highest form of ethics is the law because it must be followed. A lower form of ethics is a Code of Conduct where an institution adds more rules to that of the law. The lowest form of ethics is a persons own morality that governs their behaviour, although some people (eg religion) try to claim that their morality is the only morality and therefore should be included in the law. Background to the Law 1. English influence 2. Role of Judges is to interpret the law 3. Judges must have knowledge of statutes (law) and precedent which is reporting of previous judgements that may apply to a new case. 4. Role of Parliament is to make laws with some delegation to various authorities such as District and City Councils 5. Codification is an arrangement or system of law. It is not used in many countries following English law because it can be corrupted by Government. Instead...
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...NATIONAL UNIVERSITY «ODESSA LAW ACADEMY» Department of International Law and International Relations TERM PAPER In Legal Philosophy on topic: «Judicial Precedent» By the 1st year student of the 1st group Of the Faculty of International Legal Relations Supervisor: Prof. National scale ___________ Number of points ______ Assessment ECTS _______ Commission members: ___________ _______________________ ___________ _______________________ ___________ _______________________ ODESSA 2014 THEME: Judicial Precedent PLAN INTRODUCTION …………………………………..…………………………… 3CHAPTER 1. Judicial Precedent: generals 1.1. Definition of judicial precedent ………………………………….…... 51.2. The doctrine of stare decisis ……..………………………….……..… 61.3. Ratio decidendi and Obiter dictum …..………………………….....… 7CHAPTER 2. Types of precedent2.1. Verticality ……………………………………………………………. 102.2. Horizontality ………………………………………………………… 112.3. Binding precedent …………………………………………….……... 122.4. Persuasive precedent ………………………………………………… 15 CHAPTER 3. Avoiding precedent 3.1. Distinguishing …………………..……………………………………. 19 3.2. Overruling ……………………………………………………………. 19 3.3. Reversing ……………………………………………………………... 20 3.4. Per incuriam…………………………………………………………… 20 CONCLUSION …………………………………………………………………... 22LITERATURE …………………………………………………………………... 25 | INTRODUCTION At the present stage of development of Ukraine in the framework of the democratic process, there are the emergence...
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...between salaries. Costs can thus be reduced. Outsourcing helps a firm to focus on its core business. When a firm outsources the labor-intensive works, there are more resources left behind. The resources can have a better contribution, for example, to allocate more on the main business. Besides, job quality can also be enhanced. Such as the case, the preparation works are outsourced and done by a 6-lawyer group, the quality is upgraded. Also, as mentioned, more resources are allocated to other areas related to the lawsuit, the quality of job as a whole should be higher. Nevertheless, there are also some costs and risks. The costs of selecting and identifying an outsourced company should be a concern because a productive one is vital. An unqualified company can ruin the project. After finding an outsourced company, the risks will be incurred. Legal responsibilities may be produced due to the careless handling of the privacy of clients. Losing control of the services is a risk because the jobs are done outside and controls are difficult. Losing control may lead to another risk – the quality of the services outsourced may thus lower. Question 2(b) When analyzing the parties in the legal outsourcing, some gain while some lose. The gaining groups are the clients, lawyers in India, senior lawyers in US and US law firms. Clients can gain because they can enjoy the better services and the lower costs. Lawyers in India can also gain because job opportunities are more, they earn more...
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...General background European Union introduced regulation no. 793/2013 to enforce the measurement with respect to Faroe Island on 20 August 2013. EU states that this regulation is made in response to the non-sustainable actions conducted by Faroe Island. Article 5 para 1 and 2 of the regulation set that Atlanto-Scandian Herring or mackerel caught or produced by Faroe Island are prohibited in EU regions; and shippings with the Faroe Island flag or shippings from other country contain any goods specified in paragraph 1 are prohibited to use Union ports. Not surprisingly, a dispute in relation to the economical measurement implemented by European Union (EU) has been requested a consultation by Faroe Islands on behalf of the kingdom of Denmark. Faroe Islands claiming that the enforcement action by EU breached the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade 1994and negatively affected its export position. Question 1 As the most basic concept of GATT, Art: 1 making sure that all contracted parties can be treated with the same benefits provided by the multilateral trading system. Therefore, failure to offer same advantages in respect of Atlanto-Scandian Herring or mackerel or it’s like products to other parties to Faroe Island may result in a breach of Art:1 for EU. According to Indonesia — Autos, two criteria need to be satisfied to conclude that EU has breached Art:1: (a) the advantages of like products fall within the scope of Art: 1(b) are not applied to Faroe Island unconditionally...
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...to design ELL instructional programs As a result of the Lau v. Nichols decision, English Language Learners are entitled to receive equal access or opportunity for education, which their local school districts must provide. Furthermore, English Language Learners currently represent the fastest growing segment of students in our public schools. During the period between the U.S. National Censuses of 1990 and 2000, data shows an increase of over 50% in the number of children, ages five through seventeen, speaking other languages. According to an article by Brown University regarding ELL policy, the general population of school-age children grew by 12% since 1990, but the ELL student population...
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...Human Resource Director, Attention: Recruitment Total Young Graduate Program TOTAL, Cameroon B.P. 4048 Douala A Letter of Motivation for the TOTAL young graduate program It is with great interest and enthusiasm that I submit my application for the TOTAL Young Graduate Program, for Africans. I strongly believe that my academic/professional background is best suited for this position. I am currently completing my Master of Business Administration at the PKFokam Institute of Excellence, Yaounde. I have always had a flair for commerce and trade and this MBA studies has broaden my knowledge in the management field as i studied courses like Corporate Risk management, Leadership spirit, Marketing, Business Law, Managerial Economics, Managerial and Financial Accounting, Statistics, Management amongst others. This gave me an ability to master key management skills especially in the field of risk management as i am now able to identify, qualify, quantify, mitigate and prioritise risk in any given Enterprise in order to edify the managers to be able to reduce the negative impacts of every action they take in the use of allocated scarce company resources to maximise results. As you will note from my enclosed CV that i have a legal background, i have a Bachelors Degree in the English Common Law from the University of Buea which has given me the ability to understand key legal notions through the study of courses like Contract law, Company Law, Mercantile Law, Commercial law, Labour...
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...Alderine Holt ESL 223N 1/28/14 Mrs. Davis States voter-driven initiatives/laws relating to English language learner issues It has been a long debate and an important issue concerning English language learner from the school system to legislative forums, and there have been different policies and opinions for over forty years. Bilingual education is a method used to teach ELL students partly in their own language. The concept is that it will enhance their understanding of the curriculum and help them succeed in an English based classroom. The premise is that once the student is fairly competent in English they can progress in the classroom with their peers. Weather these programs are the best education method for ELL students this question has not been answered to address the issues concerning ELL students. The opponents of Bilingual Education believes that it is the ELL student right and need to make use of their native language to ease their transition into a English only education. The opponents also believe that the programs are hindering students’ ability to learn curriculum by keeping them in their native language too long. The Bilingual polices of today society are polices of the Bilingual Education Act of 1968 (Title VII). Congress passed the act as part of Civil Rights Title VI, which prohibits discrimination based on race, color, or natural origins in programs or activities in any program receiving federal finical assistant. The Bilingual Education Act requires...
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...Julie Beitzel October 16, 2011 SEI English Language Teaching: Foundations & Methodologies Professor Jennifer Ashton When thinking of France I think of people speaking French, when thinking of Mexico I think of people speaking Spanish so naturally when I think of the United States I think of people speaking English, but this is not the case. For many decades people have been immigrating to the United States from other countries and therefore much of the United States may not speak English or may speak it as a second language. I have always wanted to live Paris, I mean who really has not, it is the city of love but I do not speak French fluently so I would feel out of place there and would not be able to function like I do in the United States because there is a language barrier. How would I go about solving this problem if I truly wanted to go to Paris? I would fully immerse myself in the French language and culture because it would be the fastest way for me to learn the language. An hour or two a day of French would not profit much in me learning because I would rely on the language I am using the most to get me through the day. Were as if I were required to speak and use French only I would be forced to become more familiar with French ultimately using it fluently. This is the point of many state debates about English-only. Many states have educated students from different countries with a bilingual approach for many years. They have been taught in their native...
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...The United States has long been considered a land of immigrants, a place where most of the population can trace its ancestry to a different country, with people coming from every part of the globe. Most Americans believe that diversity, contributes to a melting pot of ideas and cultures that makes everyone stronger. But as much as the U.S. prides itself on welcoming immigrants from around the world, the immigration system is rife with problems. Those problems have come to the leading edge in American politics over the past several years, with a sharp divide among Americans who fear immigration threatens their way of life and those who consider it an important building block of society. There are efforts to maintain English only government resources...
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...powers, and to grant British merchants a monopoly on colonial commodities increase their personal bullion supply. The set of laws passed in 1645-1663, provided the basis of the Navigation Acts. These acts set up several laws and restrictions that give Britain a monopoly on economic control, establish England as the main market for products/good for the colonies, and provide a steady bullion influx into Britain. One of the first Navigation Acts passed in 1651 stated that goods could only enter England, Ireland, or the colonies aboard English ships. Additionally, colonial coastal trade had to be conducted only aboard English ships. Even the trade between foreign countries at colonial ports are limited to English vessels. Ships from other countries are excluded from colonial ports and can trade only at ports within the British Isles. The shipbuilding industry, particularly in New England, prospered. The second Navigation Act of 1660 reassured that goods could only be transported aboard English ships and set up a list of enumerated goods that had to be shipped directly to England, including sugar, cotton, tobacco, indigo, rice, molasses, apples, and wool. Tobacco plantations in the New World proved to be very successful and profitable, particularly in the Chesapeake region. Until 1663, England required the colonies to sell their materials directly to English merchants or pay fees on goods sold to other countries. When the Parliament passed the Staple Act, it became illegal for colonies...
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...new business across the world. These expatriates are generally sending abroad to develop strategies or resolve problems in the host country. Consequently, the organisation has to be informed of any issue that expatriates might face and affect the work abroad in terms of international human resource management (IHRM) and industrial relations (IR) issues. Deb (2009) define IHRM as ‘a strategic process of managing a global and diverse pool of talented people in such a way as to achieve aims and objectives of the organisation both at parent and subsidiary level successfully, follow ethical practices on human and business issues and be adaptable to local cultural norms and other human needs and aspirations’. And Dowling, Festing and Engle (2013, p.242) define IR as ‘The board field of study that looks at wider issues of work and employment’. The purposes of this essay are to identify and discuss the IR and HRM issues an expatriate from Melbourne could face while living and working in London. In relation to Industrial relations issues, the role of unions, employment contracts, regulations, visas, taxation, labour laws and employ compensations will be discussed. When it comes to human resource management, the essay will discuss culture, language, family, soft skills, allocation, medical secures and weather. Over the last decade, the participation in trade unions has been decreasing worldwide. The trade unions do not have the same level of power or the same affiliation in all the...
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...The Spanish and English colonialism started in the early 16th century exploring the new Western side of the world. With both counters expanding their kingdom with colonizing around the world led them to having same similarities and differences along the way. The things that were similar was the colonies was that they both had conflicts with the Native Americans and started colonizing to make their empires bigger for the crown. The differences were how the countries governed their colonist and their economy. One of the main differences between the two countries colonies were how they interacted with the Indians. The English saw them self above the Indians and they did not take the Indians as intelligent people so they would not marry one of...
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...The New World grew dramatically after the arrival of European. Their expansion to the New World resulted in exploitation of the available resources and transformation of the America into agriculture industry. The abundance resources of land were used by the colonists to make plantations. Seeing the potential benefits from the planting of commercial crops, most English laborers came to the New World as indentured servants. However, the labor sources of the indentured servant were later shifted to the slave, especially the African slave. These African slaves were victims of the particularly brutal slavery institution that was established during the English colonial era. As they played an important role in developing the English colonies, their...
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...Illegal Immigration Hurting The United States Name COM/220 June 20, 2013 Camisha Williams For centuries, the United States has welcomed immigrants from various countries and have become home to them. In the 1800s, immigrants were even essential for the building of the steam engine and railroad tracks (Schaefer, 2013). As time passed immigration has increased and laws regulating immigration have not been enforced causing over population of unskilled immigrants. While unregulated immigration has its benefits, which help organizations, like social security it does not negate the fact that they are straining resources and the economy. Poverty and Immigration The overflow of undocumented immigrants is cause for concern for many reasons. There are too many underpaid unskilled workers hired over native citizens. According to Opposing Viewpoints (2012), “wage and salary differences demonstrate how illegal and unskilled immigrants place downward pressure on wages by providing an incentive for employers to choose them over natives”. Immigrants are known to work jobs that most American’s shy away from such as agriculture work, factories, food preparation and cleaning services (Opposing Viewpoints, (2012). Employers rather hire unskilled workers because they can pay low wages, increase productivity...
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