Aviation Lubricants in Russia Today and Future
2nd International Conference
Lubricants Russia - 2006
Moscow 22 November 2006 P. A. Mikheichev, O. A. Lebedev, FSUE GosNII GA, Moscow
Lubricants used in Russian Civil Aviation
Mineral-based oils MS-8P aviation oil MS-20 aviation oil SM-4.5 oil mix TC-hyp transmission oil ОСТ 38.01163 ГОСТ 21743 ОСТ 54-3-175-72 ТУ 38.1011332 Synthetic oils VNII NP 50-1-4f oil VNII NP 50-1-4u oil ГОСТ 13076 ТУ 38.401-58-12 Polyalphaolefin oils IPM-10 VO-12 ТУ 38.1011299 ТУ 38.401-58-359
Aircraft and engine types and oil grades applied
Aircraft type Tupelev-134 Tupelev-154 Tupelev-204 Tupelev-214 Ilyushin-76 Ilyushin-86 Ilyushin-96-300 Ilyushin-114 Yak-42 Antonov-24, Antonov-26 Antonov-124 Mi-8 (various modifications Мi-26 Engine type Domestic D-30 D-30 KU PS-90А PS-90А D-30 KP NK-86 PS-90А TV 7-117S D-36 Ai-24 D-18T TV3-113 D-136 MS-8P MS-8P IPM-10 IPM-10 MS-8P MS-8P IPM-10 B-3V IPM-10 VNII NP 50-1-4F(U) SM-4.5 oil mix IPM-10 B-3V IPM-10 Oil applied Foreign Turbonycoil 321 Turbonycoil 321 Mobil 319А-2 Turbonycoil 210А Mobil 319А-2 Turbonycoil 210А Turbonycoil 321 Turbonycoil 321 Mobil 319А-2 Turbonycoil 210А Turbonycoil 98 Shell Oil 390 Turbonycoil 306 Mobil 319А-2 Turbonycoil 98 Turbonycoil 210А
Reasons for the fall in production of aviation lubricants in Russia
lack of quality oil base stocks for oil production; restricted assortment and production volumes of antioxidant, anticorrosive, anti-wear and anti-scuff additives; decommissioning of the aircraft fleet; manufacturers’ pricing policy; introduction of foreign-made aircraft into the fleet
Low-temperature attributes of lubricants of domestic and foreign manufacture
Oils VNII NP 50-1-4f(u) IPM-10 Mobil 390A-2 Oils under specification MiL-PRF-23699
Kinematic viscosity (cSt) At 100oC 3.0 3.75 3.75 4.9-5.4 At – 40oC 2000.0 3000.0 3000.0 10000-12000
Pour point (oC) -60 -60 -60 -55
Requirements for newly-developed lubricants
New-generation oils must meet the following requirements: reliable lubrication of all engine components, auxiliary power unit, turborefrigerating unit and hydraulic servo at temperatures from -50оС to + 200оС; flat viscosity-temperature curve and good low-temperature pumpability, ensuring engine start-up without external pre-heating at temperatures between minus 40 and minus 45oC; a homogeneous and stable mixture of fractions, providing a minimal evaporation rate (oil consumption) and stable viscosity during the engine’s service life; high thermal-oxidative stability in the operating temperature range from 200oC and higher; chemical inertness with respect to construction materials and rubber parts.
Comparative attributes of foreign specifications for aircraft gas turbine engines
MiL-PRF-7808 Grade 4 Kinematic viscosity under 100оС -40оС Flash point (oC) Pour point (oC) Thermal stability at 274oC -kinematic viscosity (%) -acid number (mg KOH/g) -metal weight (mg/cm2) Oxidation and corrosion: 200оС over the course of 96 hours. -kinematic viscosity (%) -acid number (mg KOH/g) 220оС over the course of 40 hours -kinematic viscosity (%) -acid number (mg KOH/g) ERDCO bearing stand: - level of cleanliness of parts - deposits on filter (g) - oil consumption (ml)
* 204оС over the course of 72 hours ** 218оС over the course of 72 hours
MiL-PRF-7808 Grade 3 > 3.0 2850 >210 -65 not on allocation
MiL-PRF-23699 4.9-5.4 13000 >246 -54 < 5.0 < 6.0 < 4.0
> 4.0 3000 > 210 -65 