...Extending the NATO Architecture Framework to Support Service Oriented Architectures Mr J Keefe – NATO AF Overview Dr I Bailey – SOA Views 23 May 2006 NATO NEC and the Decision Loop Understand Faster and better Cognitive Domain Knowledge Superiority Orient Information Domain Decide Better and faster Decision Superiority Decide Network Enabled Information Effects Capability Observe Act Superiority Superiority Physical Domain See first, more Act decisively NATO NEC will enable us to operate more effectively in the future strategic environment through the more efficient sharing and exploitation of information within the Alliance and with our coalition partners This will lead to better situational awareness across the board, facilitating improved decision-making, and bringing to bear the right military capabilities at the right time to achieve the desired military effect. Key Issues Clarity of vision Roadmap for change Dealing with complexity Legacy Environments – ‘stove-piped’ solutions Multiple Agencies New Technologies – SOA Information Assurance Multiple Customers Operators Operational planners Acquisition community Developers Framework and Methodology NAF Reality: Complexity of Defence Applications Reality: Complexity of Defence Applications inhibit agility inhibit agility Mainframe PC/NT apps Unix apps 3rd Party Interface AIS Reports Depository Banks Vendor Setup Budget ...
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...ZACHMAN FRAMEWORK The Zachman Framework was created in 1987 with a publication in the IBM Systems Journal discussing the challenge/vision of architectures that would guide the field for the next 20 years and manage complexity of distributed systems. Mr. Zachman thought success of business would depend on information systems as a disciplined approach to managing the enterprise. The idea of Zachmans’ vision was for business value to increase with use of a holistic approach to systems architecture that addresses every perspective of the enterprise. Zachman was instrumental in the Department of Defense creating enterprise architecture (Sessions, 2007). The methodology seems to be more of an architectural taxonomy that is a method of organizing and categorizing artifacts instead of a framework. The word” framework” does not adequately describe the Zachman Framework. The Zachman Framework method describes the relationships between charts and models design of a business system. “The primary strength of the Zachman Framework is that it explicitly shows the many views that need to be addressed by architecture” (Inmon, Zachman, & Geiger, 1997). The views are conceptionally designed for the users to understand. The ideas follow a concise roadmap for the enterprise to use as a guideline for business processes. John Zachman describes his framework as a logical structure for classifying descriptive representations of an Organization that contribute concepts to management of the Enterprise...
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...Background: John Bachman worked with IBM for 26 years and contributed to IBM’s Business Systems Planning program. During his tenure with IBM, he derived his own version of enterprise architecture based on ideas from classical architecture and aircraft manufacturing. His approach to architecture is called Zachman framework for Information systems architecture (ISA). The first version of the framework was released in 1987 and has been revised multiple times after that. The framework draws on Zachman’s experience of how business processes are managed in complex products and requires as engineered approach to development and modification. The framework allows one to view how a same product can be described in multiple different ways by different participants depending on their perspective of product’s purpose. Zachman framework shows how different perspective exists and how they can fit together. Its more of a taxonomy than a framework. The easiest way to understand the Zachman Enterprise architecture framework is to view it as a classification scheme represented visually as a table or matrix, with 30 boxes or cells organized in to six columns. Each cell represents a unique mode and can be described using its own technique such as flowchart, entity -relationships diagram. The framework basically explains how cells in different columns and rows related to each other. Conceptual graphs are used to formally define the logical relationships between different cells. The decomposition...
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...http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/bb466232.aspx#eacompar_topic4 Home Library Learn Downloads Support Community Sign in | United States - English | Preferences Expand MSDN A Comparison of the Top Four Enterprise-Architecture Methodologies Roger Sessions ObjectWatch, Inc. May 2007 Applies to: Enterprise Architecture Summary: Twenty years ago, a new field was born that soon came to be known as enterprise architecture. This paper covers a broad introduction to the field of enterprise architecture. Although the history of the field goes back 20 years, the field is still evolving—and rapidly so. (36 printed pages) Contents Executive Summary Introduction A Brief History of Enterprise Architecture Case Study The Zachman Framework for Enterprise Architectures The Open Group Architecture Framework (TOGAF) Federal Enterprise Architecture (FEA) Gartner Comparison Conclusion Glossary References Executive Summary Twenty years ago, a new field was born that soon came to be known as enterprise architecture. The field initially began to address two problems: System complexity—Organizations were spending more and more money building IT systems; and Poor business alignment—Organizations were finding it more and more difficult to keep those increasingly expensive IT systems aligned with business need. The bottom line: more cost, less value. These problems, first recognized 20 years ago, have today reached a crisis point. The cost...
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...Article Essential Layers, Artifacts, and Dependencies of Enterprise Architecture By Robert Winter and Ronny Fischer Abstract After a period where implementation speed was more important than integration, consistency and reduction of complexity, architectural considerations have become a key issue of information management in recent years again. Enterprise architecture is widely accepted as an essential mechanism for ensuring agility and consistency, compliance and efficiency. Although standards like TOGAF and FEAF have developed, however, there is no common agreement on which architecture layers, which artifact types and which dependencies constitute the essence of enterprise architecture. This paper contributes to the identification of essential elements of enterprise architecture by (1) specifying enterprise architecture as a hierarchical, multilevel system comprising aggregation hierarchies, architecture layers and views, (2) discussing enterprise architecture frameworks with regard to essential elements, (3) proposing interfacing requirements of enterprise architecture with other architecture models and (4) matching these findings with current enterprise architecture practice in several large companies. Keywords enterprise architecture, architectural components, architectural layers, architectural views, interfaces ENTERPRISE ARCHITECTURE: DEFINITION According to ANSI/IEEE Std 1471-2000, architecture is defined as the “ fundamental organization of a system, embodied in...
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...Why is it that EA programs are more likely to fail than succeed? Here are eight typical failure modes, followed by recommendations on how to avoid them. 1. Lack Of Sponsorship. Your architects need three tools to do a good job: access, leverage and goodies. [ Change your life or career or both with better decisions. Read 7 Ways To Improve Your Decision Making. ] Access means the ability to interact with the appropriate stakeholders, often at the C-level. Leverage includes the right place in the reporting chain, involvement in governance, ability to influence the technology budget, and authority to stop inappropriate technology implementations. Sometimes even the seemingly small change of a title from technical architect to chief enterprise architect can make a significant difference. Goodies include the ability to give out new technologies for testing, "lend" technology experts to struggling projects, and get access to exclusive information that can be traded for favors. Global CIOs: A Site Just For You Visit InformationWeek's Global CIO -- our online community and information resource for CIOs operating in the global economy. Well-sponsored architects will be able to build trust by consistently delivering meaningful results. Lack of sponsorship will destine even the best architects to fail. 2. Hiring Or Promoting The Wrong Person. The skills that earn someone the EA position don't necessarily make the person a strong EA. Often the most technical people get promoted...
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...The Impact of “Cloud Computing”-based Information Sharing on Supply Chain Li YiPeng, Zhongnan University of Economics and Law, School of Information and Safety Engineering, Wu Han, China, Lyp2357@163.com The research presented in this publication uses both analytical and methodological approach through mathematical models to exploit a real time information sharing based on “Cloud Computing”. The author has clearly provided type, limitation and limited orientation to the following terminologies with respect to the scope of is research and publication: Type of Information Shared, The pertaining definitions of Information Measurement, Quantitative and Qualitative Measurement of Information, Accelerating Physical Flow, Scope of Uncertainty in the Supply Chain, Building Cloud Computing Platform in Supply Chain. The methodological approach is also provided to find the optimal solution for information sharing in a cloud computing scenario, the study uses a mathematics optimization model by including variables such as Product, Consumer (computed through Poisson Process, Auto Regression, ARIMA and Stationary Demand), Retailer and Manufacturer. The results of this study are very important to supply chain practitioners. It can be used as benchmark to assess the impact and value of cloud computing in the supply chain. It is the cloud computing platform’s task to make the partners using the information service more easily and conveniently. To those middle and small-sized companies...
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...Enterprise Architecture Enables Processes Paper Introduction Enterprise Architecture is defined as the representation of all the components, processes and policies of an organization. Architecture is the process of moving a business vision and strategy into effective change, communicating the current capabilities and rethinking the principles and models that describe the future state of the company and facilitate their evolution (Fui-Hoon, Lee-Shang, and Kuang, 2001). Enterprise Architecture is a strategic practice, which connects the relationship between business initiatives that leverage technology, to evaluate the strengths and weaknesses, and develop strategies for transformation, from the current architecture to an architectural model that represents a future vision. The enterprise architecture must be aligned with the business model, defining a logical structure for implementing the strategy. The requirements to be met by enterprise architecture model are given by the strategic business objectives. The operational model of Enterprise Architecture should establish baselines model relationship between Business and IT, through the definition and description of business processes of an organization. It will be necessary to create cross-sectional areas as organization, IT Architecture and Quality, among others. Enterprise Architecture Enables SDLC The enterprise architecture complements the phases of system development life...
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...MANAGEMENT POLICY, ITS IMPORTANCE, STRATEGY AND RISK CULTURE OF CHOPPIES ENTERPRISE LIMITED PRESENTED TO: BOARD OF DIRECTORS, CHOPPIES GROUP OF COMPANIES BY: Mr Monamodi Collen Gontse (RISK MANAGER) 1st OCTOBER 2014 Choppies Accounts Boardroom; 2nd Floor Gaborone International Commerce Park Choppies Enterprises Limited, PLOT No 100 Gaborone International Commerce Park, East Gate Gaborone West, Botswana Contents 1. TERMS OF REFERENCE 3 2. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT 4 3. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 5 4. INTRODUCTION 6-7 5. BACKGROUND 7-9 6. IMPORTANCE OF RISK MANAGEMENT POLICY & CHOPPIES RISK MANAGEMENT POLICY 10-12 7. RISK MANAGEMENT ARCHITECTURE 12-15 8. RISK AWARE CULTURE 15-17 9. ISO 31000 APPLICATION IN CHOPPIES ENTERPRISES LTD 17-18 10. RECOMMENDATIONS 18 11. CONCLUSION 18 12. References 19-20 Terms of Reference This report strives to evaluate the effectiveness of Choppies Enterprises Limited ERM, using the ISO 31000 Risk Management framework as a standard, documenting the findings and making appropriate recommendations...
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...------------------------------------------------- Top of Form Bottom of Form Enterprise Architecture Enables Processes Paper Purpose of this Assignment This assignment gives you the opportunity to apply your critical thinking skills and understanding of the course concepts to explain how the enterprise architecture (EA) and/or the EA program supports the other IT management processes of an organization. This assignment specifically addresses the following course outcomes: * describe enterprise architecture (EA), the appropriate application of EA frameworks, and an overall ongoing EA program * analyze and examine how enterprise architecture and enterprise systems influence, support, and enable an organization's ability to contribute to strategic decision making and to respond and adapt to the business environment * apply EA concepts to support business requirements and identify opportunities for enterprise solutions Assignment As you have learned throughout the course, EAs can be used to support a wide variety of information technology management processes, and an EA program strengthens IT management activities. A well-defined and implemented EA contributes significantly to each of the phases of the systems development life cycle (SDLC). For this assignment you will write a 3-5 page paper (not counting any cover sheet or reference pages) that explains briefly what enterprise architecture (EA) is and then how it supplements and enables each of the phases of the SDLC: ...
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...Scholarahip * Member of Australia Golden Key Society The combination between strong logic and critical thinking trained in Vietnam, with the practicality of computer technology trained in Australia has created his strong passion in creating novel optimal software solutions. He has more than 8 years extensive experience working as software solution provider in Australia. He has provided creative solutions for different challenging problems ranging from business, science and medical domain. At the moment, Dang is appointed as Business Intelligent Manager, leading the software development team in Clinical Integrated Solution, a group of different specialist clinics operating across Australia. He is the principal consultant and lead software architecture at I3 Solution. He is also doing his PhD in Medical Image Analysis at University of Western Australia. Our specialities: I3 Solution specialises in engineering high quality and...
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...organization spend budget to buy a good system in order to have a reliable system to be operated in their organization. These are Information Systems (IS) used to generate, collect, organize, store, retrieve, and disseminate information. Specific IS used to manage student information is referred to as Student Information System (SIS). This research proposed a SIS for Saint Paul’s Academy High School (SPAHS) to address its problems with regard to managing student information which are in enormous amount of paper, documents or records filed in folders and stored in filing cabinets. Considering that information is a set or collection of data, with the manual information system approach, generating information suffers difficulties. After identifying the problem of SPAHS, a system architecture of the proposed SIS was established. The system architecture used a three tiered pattern and Unified Modeling Language (UML) was used to present the different views of the systems architecture. Functionalities include tracking all the details of a student from the day one to the end of the students stay in the school which can be used for all reporting purpose, tracking of attendance, progress in the subject, completed school years, project or any other assignment details, final exam result and all these will be available through a secure, online interface embedded in the school’s website. It will also have faculty details, batch execution details, students’ details in all aspects, the various...
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...------------------------------------------------- Top of Form Bottom of Form Enterprise Architecture Justification Paper Purpose of this Assignment This assignment gives you the opportunity to apply your critical thinking skills and understanding of the course concepts to explain how the enterprise architecture (EA) and/or the EA program benefits an organization. This assignment specifically addresses the following course outcomes: * describe enterprise architecture (EA), the appropriate application of EA frameworks, and an overall ongoing EA program * analyze and examine how enterprise architecture and enterprise systems influence, support, and enable an organization's ability to contribute to strategic decision making and to respond and adapt to the business environment * apply EA concepts to support business requirements and identify opportunities for enterprise solutions Assignment Using the DMV case study provided, determine how an EA could be used to help the DMV accomplish the objectives stated explicitly and implicitly in the case study. The organization discussed in the case study has many issues with its current environment and many changes that it wants to make. It has not established an EA program yet. The purpose of your paper is to briefly explain what an EA program is, and then justify a recommendation to establish an EA program for the organization. You should provide at least four specific examples from the case study to show how an EA program...
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...Examination Paper of Enterprise Resource Planning Professional IIBM Institute of Business Management Examination Paper MM.100 Enterprise Resource Planning Professional Guidelines for paper Total No. of Questions is 100. The minimum passing marks is 40%. Each Question carries 1 mark. Answer all the Questions. Multiple Choices: 1. Enterprise resource planning is_______ a) Computer System b) Manufacturing Organization c) Method of effective planning of all the resources in an organization d) None of the above 2. Enterprise resource planning vendors are those people_________ a) Who are experts in administration and management of project b) Who have developed the ERP package c) Who uses the ERP system d) None of the above 3. The objectives of ERP ____________ a) Provide support for all variations best business practices b) Enable implementation of these practices c) Empower the customer to modify the implemented business process d) All of the above 4. Which of the followings not the advantages of ERP________ a) ERP eliminates duplication of work b) Reduce overheads, lead type, cycle time and work in progress c) Customization of the ERP software is limited d) Help to achieve competitive advantage 5. EDI stands for__________________ a) Electronic digital interface b) Electronic data interchange c) Enterprise data interface d) None of these 6. A____________________ tool use to quickly develop quality database design...
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...Chapter 2 A Software Architecture for Inventory Management System Taner Arsan, Emrah Baskan, Emrah Ar and Zeki Bozkus ß ß Abstract Inventory Management is one of the basic problems in almost every company. Before computer age and integration, paper tables and paperwork solutions were being used as inventory management tools. These we very far from being a solution, took so much time, even needed employees just for this section of organization. There was no an efficient solution available in the many companies during these days. Every process was based on paperwork, human fault rate was high, the process and the tracing the inventory losses were not possible, and there was no efficient logging systems. After the computer age, every process is started to be integrated into electronic environment. And now we have qualified technology to implement new solutions to these problems. Software based systems bring the advantages of having the most efficient control with less effort and employees. These developments provide new solutions for also inventory management systems in this context. In this paper, a new solution for Inventory Management System (IMS) is designed and implemented. Most importantly, this system is designed for Kadir Has University and used as Inventory Management System. 2.1 Introduction Inventory Management is one of the basic problems for a company. It may cause a lot of paperwork, if there is no automated system available. Implementing such...
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