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| Principles of Management | Processing Tools of Management | Submitted By: Nirjala Phashi | 7/22/2012 | |

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Process: The processing tools of management are: 1. Planning Planning bridges the gap between where we are to where we want to be. For example, if a person wants to earn money, then he has to plan how he’ll earn money: by doing job in offices or by looting banks or whatsoever. 2. Decision Making After all plans are made, a specific decision is made. Decision making is choosing the best alternative among various alternatives. For example, if a man has a plan to start a college, he has various options to establish college at various locations: example: Kumaripati, Dhulikhel, Baneshwor, Kupondole, etc. After determining all aspects he chooses any one location, may be Baneshwor. Similarly, he needs to take many decisions on many aspects. 3. Implementation Only planning no. of things and decision making is not enough to run an organization. Those pre-determined plans must be implemented effectively. Implementation of plans includes various components. They are discussed below: a. Organizing: Organizing is creating a hierarchy. It tells about who performs what and who is responsible for whom. For example, in PLC, administrative staffs are responsible towards Satya sir; similarly, Satya sir is responsible towards BOD of PLC. It again has four aspects: i. Degree of Philosophy: I. Centralization: It refers to having sole authority in one person. This is usually found in military force. II. Decentralization: It refers to delegation of authority throughout the organization. For example, in PLC, BOD has utmost

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