...Environment Pollution Environment Pollution refers to the introduction of harmful pollutants into the environment. The major types of environmental pollution are air pollution, water pollution, soil pollution and noise pollution. Deforestation and hazardous gaseous emissions also leads to environmental pollution. During the last 10 years, the world has witnessed severe rise in environmental pollution. The scenario in India is also the same. We all live on earth which, is but a planet, – and the only planet known to have an environment, where air and water are two basic things that sustain life. Without these air and water the earth would be like the other planets – no man, no animals, no plants. The biosphere in which living beings have their sustenance has oxygen, nitrogen, carbon dioxide, argon and water vapor. All these are well balanced to ensure and help a healthy growth of life in the animal world. This balance does not only help the life-cycles of animals and plants, but it also creates the perennial sources of minerals and energies without which the human civilization of to-day could not be built. It is for this balance that the human life and other forms of existence have flourished on earth for so many thousands of years. The environmental pollution is not caused by the fall-out from nuclear tests or industries alone. The smoke left behind the automobiles and other vehicular traffic, the increasing use of synthetic detergents, nitrogen fertilizers and insecticides...
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...Vehicular Pollution and Environment Protection | Environment Law Research Paper | Research Methodology AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: This research paper is an attempt to understand the pollution caused by the increasing vehicular traffic in India and its impact on the Environment around us. RESEARCH ISSUES: 1. Meaning and Kindsof Pollution 2. Vehicular Pollution and its effects on health and the environment 3. Technical Measure (like Emission Standards) and Non Technical Measures(like prevention of Fuel Adulteration) 4. Fuel Economy Standards and phasing out old Vehicles. SCOPE AND LIMITATIONS: This research paper is limited in the sense that it tries to study the pollution caused to the environment by the vehicular traffic. Pollution is a broad and extensive topic but this topic tries to limit itself to such pollution caused by the environment and not all other kinds of pollution. METHOD OF WRITING: This paper has largely been written in an investigative and an analytical style. SOURCES OF DATA: The researcher has primarily referred to secondary sources such as books and articles while writing this research paper. MODE OF CITATION: A uniform mode of citation has been used throughout this research paper which is based loosely on the style prescribed in The Bluebook: A Uniform System of Citation(Columbia Law Review Ass’n et al. eds., 17th ed. 2000). Table of Contents Sr No | Topic | Page No | 1 | Introduction | 3,4 | 2 | Pollution | 4 | ...
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...IB SL Geography – Urban Environments Case Study: Air Pollution in Beijing 1. What evidence is there that Chinese cities in general suffer from air pollution? Due to Chinas recent exponential economic growth, pollution has been put to one side and has not been a priority in most cases. Air pollution, a negative externality of economic growth, in China’s northern cities exceed the standards of the World Health Organisation by 5 or 6 times. Respiratory disease, often a result of soot-clogged lungs, is the leading cause of death in China, accounting for 26 per cent of all deaths. Compared to the United States this mortality rate is 5 ½ times worse. A study showed that particles in the Chinese air cause 915,000 premature deaths each year, including those of 300,000 children who die from lung infections. Another 600,000 adults die early of some sort of respiratory blockage and 15,000 fall victim to lung cancer caused by bad, polluted air. 2. Identify the main source of air pollution in Beijing. The main source of air pollution in Beijing, and in most Chinese cities, is the burning of coal. Coal is the main fossil fuel used for heating, cooking and for industry. China has large reserves of coal, however most of it is of very poor quality, and containing large amounts of sulphur. Over 60% of Beijing's total energy consumption is coal, representing just over 30 million tonnes per annum. Of this total use of coal, 70% of it is consumed by the manufacturing industry...
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...The environment What is the environment? The environment is everything within our surroundings. [pic] [pic] [pic] Why is the important to protect the environment? It is important to protect our environment because we live within our environment and we need to keep it clean and healthy to survive. [pic][pic] [pic] [pic] Describe the different types of environment you experience? Natural environment The natural environment is the living and non living things that surround us for example, the plants, animals, atmosphere, bodies of water like rivers, beaches etc. [pic] [pic] Home environment The home environment is where you are surrounded by your parents, siblings and other family members where there is a sense of belonging and where early childhood development takes place. [pic] [pic] School environment The school environment is a physical environment that supports learning and social interaction. [pic] [pic] Pollution What is pollution? Pollution is where the natural environment has been contaminated. [pic] [pic] [pic] Name and describe the different types of pollution Air pollution Air pollution is where the atmosphere is contaminated by chemicals and gases such as smoking, use of aerosol spray etc. Air pollution affects the environment when our breathing air (oxygen) is contaminated, rain become acid rain, and damages our ozone layer which shades us for direct sun light. [pic] [pic] Water pollution Water pollution is where the water is contaminated...
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...Pollution Pollution Table of Contents Introduction 1 Causes and effects 1 Impact of the issue on the world 3 Impact of the issue in the U.A.E 4 Comparison of the issue U.A.E. V.S China 4 Conclusion 5 References 5 Introduction Pollution is the contaminates of the natural environment. There are many types of pollution such as air pollution, water pollution, noise pollution, land pollution. It’s an important issue because its more safer and healthier to live in clean environment. Causes and effects Causes and effects of Air Pollution: * Industries * Vehicles and Domestic fuels * High proportion of gases such as: A. Carbon monoxide: produced when carbon do not burn to fossil fuels. Takes away oxygen from the body which leads to headaches, fatigue, and impaired vision. B. Sulfur dioxide: produced when coal and fuel oil are burned. Causes respiratory symptoms and disease, difficulty in breathing which can lead to asthma. C. Nitrogen dioxide: produced when nitric oxide combines with oxygen in the atmosphere. Affects lungs and increases the chance of respiratory infection. D. Ground level ozone: Ozone protects Earth from sun’s harmful UV rays at upper level. While at ground level ozone is harmful toxins formed from car, power, and chemical plant use. In China around 656,000 people die each year because of air pollution. In India, around 527,700 people suffer from air pollution a year. Water Pollution: it can be: ...
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...this era of globalization, pollution has become one of the biggest threats to the wellness of human races. The most common types of pollution include air pollution, water pollution, land pollution, visual pollution as well as noise pollution. All these pollution may be harmful to all living things. Due to the increasing population in today’s world, deforestation has been carried out more frequently to make more land available for housing, industrial purposes, agricultural purposes and others. Thus, these uncontrolled human activities eventually lead to destruction of the environment. For example, toxic waste spillage into the sea, the use of chlorofluorocarbon (CFC), and inconsiderate customers will cause pollution to occur. The main cause of water pollution is the spillage of untreated toxic waste into the sea. This could be unintentionally caused by the leakage of hazardous waste into the ocean while transferring them. Even households generate hazardous waste from items like batteries, used computer equipments and leftover paints or pesticides. However, the main leading factor is the disposal of toxic waste by irresponsible industrial workers or owners. The untreated toxic waste will flow to rivers and then to the ocean contaminating the water. As a result, the aquatic animals and plants will be affected. Humans may suffer skin rashes or intestinal illness coming into contact with the contaminated water. Besides, another contributing factor to pollution is the use of chlorofluorocarbon...
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...Introduction Environmental pollution is a multi-disciplinary science involving chemistry, physics, life science, agriculture, medical science, public health, sanitary engineering etc. In broader sense, it is the study of the sources, reactions, transport, effect and fate of chemical species in the air, water and soil and the effect of human activity upon these. Pollutant: A substance present in nature, in greater than natural abundance due to human activity, which ultimately has a detrimental effect on the environment and therefrom on living organisms and mankind. Examples are- lead, mercury, sulphur dioxide, carbon monoxide, etc. Contaminant: A material which does not occur in nature, but is introduced by human activity into the environment, affecting its composition. A contaminant is classified as a pollutant when it exerts a detrimental effect. Example- chlorine gas Types of Pollution Air Causes of air pollution: * motor vehicle exhaust * power stations * car manufacturing * fertilizer factories * demolishing buildings * solvent evaporation * volcanic eruption * building roads * forest fires Effect of air pollution: Global warming, acid rain, smog, ozone depletion are some effects of air pollution Water Causes of water pollution: * man-made chemicals used in farming * heavy metals * waste from factories * sediment from the river bed * air pollution * thermal (heat) pollution * soil pollution from rubbish dumps ...
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...Water and Air Pollution There are many types of pollutions. They come from many different places and from many different things. They mainly take harmful effects on the Earth. Pollution is a cycle of ongoing destruction to our world. The amount of destruction caused by pollution can be lowered by humans. First, what is pollution? Pollution is the introduction into the environment of a substance that has harmful or poisonous effects. Not all pollution can be seen or show signs, though they all bring change to the environment. Pollution can take the form of chemical substances or energy, such as noise, heat or light. Other forms of pollution include air pollution, littering, soil contamination, water pollution, and visual pollution. Air pollutants cause damage to human health and the ozone layer, which protects us from the harmful ultraviolet rays of the sun. It affects plants interfering with photosynthesis, making it hard for them to make food properly. Water pollution, on the other hand, kills life inside bodies of water. It also affects the food chain when smaller organisms eat the pollution and then are eaten by larger organisms, which are eventually eaten by humans, during the food chain. People can get hepatitis by eating poisoned seafood. When people dump chemicals into the bodies of water, sea plants die and decompose in the water using more oxygen that other sea organisms need, unbalancing the ecosystem. The causes of many of these problems can be lowered...
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...From the first image, the information given here is fog cover the whole road. Just like the road of Beijing. According to BBC reports of Beijing air pollution. Air pollution in the Chinese capital Beijing has reached levels judged as hazardous to human health(Grammaticas.D 2013). The air tastes of coal dust and car fumes, two of the main sources of pollution, says a BBC correspondent. Economic growth has left air quality in many cities notoriously poor. Viewed this problem from economic point, air pollution can cause serious impact on economy development. For example, in 2008, Beijing spend a lot of sources to solve air pollution problem for host Olympics game. So there is a close relationship between environment and economy, the environment is an important factor for the society, they influence each other environment support social economic but when environment is damaged, then the economy will be impeded. That's kind of problem need to use externalities theory to explain. Externalities means when activity in a market affects individuals other than the buyers and sellers of the good. Externalities can be positive or negative, what happened in this image can be categorized into negative aspects. Why this problem occurs in the real world, based on book explanation, a negative externality occurs when an individual or firm making a decision does not have to pay the full cost of the decision. If a good has a negative externality, then the cost to society is greater than the cost...
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...and Coastal Pollution CONTENTS CHAPTER 2 ▪ BACKGROUND ▪ General ▪ The Problems ▪ Declining water quality ▪ Loss of marine and coastal habitats ▪ Lack of strategic planning and management practices ▪ Lack of marine science policy CHAPTER 2 BACKGROUND General As an island continent with a long coastline Australia has many different marine and estuarine environments. These span a wide range of coastal types, climates and geological and biological regions, which house a rich store of biological diversity. Many are far away from major population centres and are little affected by human activities. Large stretches of the coastline are among the least polluted places on earth.Australia's marine environment spans almost 60 degrees in latitude, from Torres Strait to Heard and Macquarie Islands, and 75 degrees longitude, from Cocos Island to Norfolk Island. In November 1994 the 1982 United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS) came into effect, and with it Australia's declaration of its 200 mile Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ). The EEZ covers over 11 million square kilometres, one of the largest in the world.UNCLOS provides the rights to exploit the natural resources of the EEZ but also obliges Australia, under Article 192, to protect and preserve the marine environment of the EEZ. The Convention requires Australia to prevent land based and ship sourced marine pollution and to work internationally...
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...economy by the government, as they are not provided by the private sector as they are unable to make a profit from these goods because there would be no one willing to pay for these or maybe even unable to be for them, as these goods/services are seen as not of enough importance. Some of these good are:- * Armed Forces * Health Care * Education Externalities Externalities is when something happens or something some does that could affect someone else. The government intervenes to try and improve negative externalities, by on most occasions introducing new legalisation to reduce these negative externalities for examples, paying tax on car pollution or fines giving people who have been illegally dumping. Examples of externalities are:- * People driving around in their cars creates a lot of pollution with in the air which affects others passing by, making them unwell and possibly having to go to hospital. * People go to college/university to be educated which then helps them...
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...Bonaparte. This expression is indeed, justified by the spectacular economic growth of China the past 3O years and by the fact that today, China is considered as one of the most important economic power in the world. Our country has known many changes: from the gai ge kai fang, under the leadership of Deng Xiao Ping where China experienced effective agricultural reforms, to our days when China, with 1/5 of world population, opened its doors to foreign investment, privatization, and export, leading to unprecedented growth. However, this growth is confronted with many challenges, external or internal. Among them, environmental issues are the most evident and urgent. In fact, this explosive growth has left scars across China's landscape and environment. Which lead us to our problematic: How the environmental issues can affects the economic development of China? And what are the solutions? Current situation * Overview of the Chinese economic development Since the opening policy in 1978, China has been the most rapidly growing economy in the world. And even if there is a certain tightening of the economy policy of the government and in spite of the rise of the price of raw material, this growth doesn’t have until now given any major sign of breathlessness (6% for the trimester of 2008). In July 2007, China is the fourth world economic power behind the United States, Japan and Germany, with a nominal GDP of more than 2.6 billion dollars in 2007, and has grown past the $2 trillion...
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...Air pollution is a widespread problem that can be hard to contain. Air pollution can cause problems in both humans and animals. Not only that, air pollution can cause changes in climate which can affect our food sources. Air pollution is harmful to the environment and bad for people’s health. This problem needs to be contained. Many of the things that pollute the air are used by humans daily and at http://environment.nationalgeographic.com/environment/global-warming/pollution-overview/ it says that car, planes, buses, and many other modes of travel release carbon dioxide into the air which is one of the main components of global warming. Most of the activities that use fossil fuels emit carbon dioxide into the air. Cutting back on emissions of fossil fuels can reduce the amount of carbon dioxide on other greenhouse gases that cause global warming. A big problem with air pollution is that it can cause asthma attacks. “Asthma is a serious chronic lung disease that appears to be on the rise in, the United States and many other countries around the world. The prevalence of asthma in the U.S. has increased by more than 75% since 1980.” (http://www.arb.ca.gov/research/asthma/asthma.htm). Air pollution hasn’t been linked to causing asthma but has been linked to asthma attacks. Acid rain also is a problem created by air pollution. “Acid rain (or acid deposition, as it's called in technical circles) is produced by the burning of fossil fuels. It is formed when emissions of sulfur dioxide...
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...to either the consumption or production of a commodity by society (Kelly, Krugman, & Robin, 2008 ). Negative externalities are costs that third parties have to bear when a good is consumed or produced. Environmental cleanup can be considered as positive externalities. When the environment is clean we all benefit as a society but do not increase profits for the company responsible for it. Likewise, research and new technological developments create gains on which the company responsible for them cannot fully capitalize. Another positive externality is education when people are getting a better education this is a benefit for the country as a whole as more foreign direct investments will flow into the country. This will definitely increase employment and income for people who can’t find a job. Immunizations, such as a flu shot, etc., provide a positive externality to third parties in that it helps prevent the spread of illness in the general public. Negative externalities, unfortunately, are much more common. Pollution is a very common negative externality. A company that pollutes loses no money in doing so, but society must pay heavily to take care of the problem pollution caused. Pollution from a...
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...areas. Although the factory will be built, will contribute to economic development, proposed plant, believed to be harmful to the environment and thus affect the health of population. So, we must protest thesetup of factory because the main problem of the construction of this factory is pollution. Beside that many problems result from the construction of this plant such as health and environment noise disturbing the neighbourhood life. The most serious problem form it is environmental pollution. Among the environmental pollution caused by the construction of the plant including waste from this plant contain a variety of chemicals. This waste will pollute water, air and land in surrounding areas. In addition it will impact negatively on the ecosystem by removing the contaminated material such as heavy metals, organic toxins, petrol, nutrients and so forth. The organic waste is causing lower oxygen demand and endangers the whole ecosystem. This causes the water of life such as fish and other species cannot grow well, eventually die. Beside that. air quality will be tarnished when a fire burning factories and mills when the smoke or surplus materials physics, chemistry or biology in the atmosphere as sulphur dioxide gas, nitrojen dioxide, carbon monoxide and dust with a total that could endanger human health, animal and plants. Air pollution affects human health is such as asthma, bronchitis and other respiratory disorders. We must also oppose the construction of this...
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