...This paper will give an overview of the varicella-zoster virus. This paper will also discuss the detriments of health from the chickenpox virus. The epidemiologic triangle will be outlined as it depicts the chickenpox virus. The aspect of the community health nurse will be discussed and information on a national organization for infectious diseases will be provided. Chicken pox and shingles are caused by the virus varicella-zoster. The varicella-zoster virus is spread through the air by coughing or sneezing and can also be spread by touching the blisters or inhaling particles from the blisters ("CDC," n.d.). Chicken pox (varicella) is a highly contagious virus. The reactivation of the chickenpox virus (varicella-zoster virus) is called shingles. It usually is dominant in the nervous system for years or decades. Shingles (varicella-zoster) is spread through direct contact with fluid from the blisters and causes chickenpox if the person who comes in contact with the fluid from the blisters has never had the virus ("CDC," n.d.). Early symptoms of chickenpox may include fever, fatigue, irritability, loss of appetite and body aches with the appearance of itchy red rash usually occurs one to two days later. The rash usually last about five to ten days and heals with scabs ("National Foundation for Infectious Diseases," n.d.). Shingles symptoms are manifested as a painful vesicle filled rash to one side of the body. This usually occurs on the trunk or face. Numbness...
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...Chicken Pox: Varicella-Zoster- Its Epidemiology Grand Canyon University A communicable disease that affects any age group is Varicella, or more commonly known as Chicken Pox. This contagious disease is caused by the Varicella-Zoster Virus. A person who has not had the virus, or has been vaccinated with chicken pox can get the disease. Symptoms of chicken pox include high fever, tiredness, loss of appetite, and headaches. Chicken pox causes fluid filled blisters that show up on the face, chest and back, then spreading onto the rest of the body. The fluid filled blisters eventually turns into scabs as the disease progresses. A person who received the chicken pox vaccine can get the virus, but with a mild case of the symptoms such as a low grade fever and less blisters. (CDC 2011) The virus can be spread through the air as when someone who is infected cough or sneezes. The virus can also be transmitted when coming in close contact with someone that is infected. Therefore, an individual who becomes infected would be precaution towards contact, airborne and droplet protocols. A person can be contagious 1 to 2 days prior to visible signs of the virus, such as the blisters showing up. Afterwards, they will remain contagious until the blisters have formed into scabs. Complications to the virus may rise with those that have a weak immune system such as infants or people with HIV/AIDS. Others, such as pregnant woman, are also at a higher risk of complications if coming into...
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...Thesis How has Chicken Pox evolved over time related to advances in community and public health nursing? Chicken Pox is a very common childhood disease caused by the Varicella-Zoster virus. This contagious itchy red rash covers the entire body with red blistery spots causing discomfort (Web MD 2013). Immunization, education, awareness and the epidemiology of Chicken Pox has made drastic improvement in the occurrence and mortality of disease (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention 2014). Description of Communicable Disease Chicken Pox can be easily transmitted from one person to the next by means of sneezing, coughing, saliva and surface contact (Web MD 2013). The fluid filled blisters rupture and accelerates the probability of transmission by contact. This disease is contagious 2-3 days prior to the rash appearing having an impact on how quickly this disease is transmitted due to the patient being asymptomatic (Web MD 2013). The ones who remain most at risk are those who’ve never had the disease or obtained a vaccine. The preliminary symptoms start to appear 14-16 days after contact with someone who had the disease (Web MD 2013). Symptoms include flu like symptoms with a fever, decreased appetite, headache, cough and sore throat. The itchy red spots appear taking approximately 2 days to go through the stages of blistering, bursting, drying and crusting over (Web MD 2013). Spots continue to appear everyday for about one week. It will take about one and half...
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...Epidemiology Paper- Chicken Pox Grand Canyon University Community/Public Health Nursing NRS-427V August 8, 2015 Chicken Pox or Varicella is a highly contagious viral disease caused by the Varicella-Zoster virus that causes a blister like itchy rash all over the body. The rash is the disclosing indication of chicken pox (Mayo Clinic 2015). While signs and symptoms of chicken pox will usually appear one to two days prior to the rash, the rash itself will last from five to ten days. The symptoms that appear before the rash are headache, fever, general malaise, cough and loss of appetite. There are three phases of rash once it appears; Phase 1 red or pink papules all over the body for several days; Phase 2 The papules turn into vesicles or fluid filled blisters for the period of one day, the vesicles then break and leak; Phase 3 the vesicles scab and become crusted over then take a few more days to heal. There is the possibility to have all three phases of the disease (papules, vesicles and scabs) appearing at one time, as the papules in the beginning, tend to appear for several days. If one is infected with chicken pox, the virus can be spread for 48 hours prior to breaking out in the papules. The patient will then stay contagious until all of the vesicles have scabbed over (Mayo Clinic 2015). The disease itself is mild for most people, but a vaccination is available and a very effective and safe way to prevent chicken pox and its complications. Varicella spreads very...
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...An antihistamine is administered to prevent itching, calamine lotion that is a topical barrier preparation against bacterial infection and lastly paracetamol for fever. If the patients see a doctor within the first 24 hours after the rash appears, he or she can be put on antiviral drugs like acyclovir or immune globulin intravenous. Over the past eight years, management of chicken pox has improved with the introduction of antiretroviral and the immunoglobulin. The virus is transmitted through droplets, direct contact or aerosols. It can also be transmitted by indirectly touching freshly soiled dirty...
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...Chicken Pox - Epidemiology Paper By Brett Birkeland Grand Canyon University NRS-427V July 29, 2015 Chicken Pox - Epidemiology Paper In this paper, the nurse author will discuss the communicable disease called Varicella, also known as chicken pox. The nurse author will discuss the causes, symptoms, and mode of transmission, complications, and treatment, as well as mortality, morbidity, incidence, and prevalence of the disease. The determinants of health will be described, and the factors that add to the progression of the disease. The epidemiologic triangle, as it relates to Varicella, will be examined, including host factors, absence or presence of agent factors, along with environmental influences. The role of the community health nurse will be discussed as related to case finding, data collecting, reporting, data analysis, and follow-up. Lastly, a national agency or organization will be revealed that addresses chicken pox, and how it contributes to resolving or reducing the impact of the disease on the public. The infectious disease of varicella, or chicken pox, is very contagious. A virus named varicella-zoster causes it. Furthermore, chickenpox can also be spread from those who have shingles. Since the same virus causes shingles, caution should be taken since an individual with shingles can infect those who have never had chickenpox, or those who have not been vaccinated against the disease. People most at risk to contract the disease are those who...
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...Benchmark Assignment: Epidemiology Chickenpox Class: NRS-427V Concepts in Community and Public Health May 11, 2015 (O500) Name: Gulshan Kaur Date: May 25, 2015 What is epidemiology? Epidemiology is the study of a disease that is in a large population. There are many diseases that exist today and existed in the past that health professionals have interfered with and had these diseases come to a halt. Epidemiology isn't fully about the study of the disease itself, but it mostly comes in relation with the processes of the disease. Also not only is it about processes but it also about the cure and the curing of patients of the disease. People that inherent the epidemiological approach, they study the frequency of occurrence of the disease in the population. The epidemiologist has a belief that studying the interactions of the disease it will be possible to change and manipulate some of the determinants involved and reduce the amount of times the disease occurs in the population. One the diseases that provide epidemiologists the opportunity to study the disease and provide intervention is chicken pox. Also known as varicella, chicken pox is a highly contagious disease caused by the initial infection with varicella zoster virus. The disease leaves patients with a characteristic skin rash that forms small, itchy blisters, which scab over. This disease usually starts at the face and then quickly develops to the chest and back and then spreads to the rest of...
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...fluid filled vesicles are seen, then to the rest of the body such as the mucous membranes, arms, legs, mouth, head, upper respiratory tract, vaginal/penis areas, and even the conjunctivae/ cornea. The vesicle stage of chickenpox happens when the lesions which resemble blisters can appear raised or depressed in appearance, and the third stage occurs when the blisters open, then dry and become scabs. Approximately by the third day of having chickenpox it is common to see all three of the different stages of vesicles at the same time. The skin lesions commonly two hundred to five hundred are referred to as one crop, with chicken pox there are approximately two to four crops during the illness. Chickenpox also occurs with moderate to intense pruritus due to the fluid filled vesicles throughout the skin surface. The symptoms that may occur with chicken pox are, a low grade fever, up to 102 degrees on average that typically begins a few days before the skin vesicles for adults which can be treated with Tylenol,...
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...Chickenpox Epidemiology Grand Canyon University: NRS-427V June 7, 2014 Chickenpox is disease caused by the virus varicella-zoster. It is most common in children under the age of fifteen but still possible for older children and adults to obtain. Chickenpox appears as an itchy red rash all over the body, the rash can turn into fluid filled blisters other symptoms include, fevers, headaches, tiredness, and loss of appetite. Chickenpox is very contagious and can be spread even when there are no symptoms. Varicella incubation period is fourteen to sixteen days from time of exposure but potentially could be ten to twenty-one days (CDC, 2013). The mode of transmission for varicella is direct contact of the blisters, or through the respiratory system. The earliest signs and symptoms is are first fever and then a red rash. In children the rash may be noticed first before the fever. The rash begins as macules, to papules, vesicles, pustules, and then crusts over. Once the rash becomes crusted over the chickenpox is no longer contagious. Chickenpox can be in different stages of the disease process while some may be crust over and be non contagious there may be other blisters that are still active and contagious. Chickenpox can also be spread from an individual who has shingles. Complications of chickenpox are bacterial skin infections in children and adults pneumonia (these are the most common they may occur vice versa) (CDC, 2013). According to the Center for Disease and Control...
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...Epidemiology of Chickenpox Karissa N. Martinez Grand Canyon University: NRS-427V 05/16/2014 Epidemiology of Chickenpox This essay was written to explain the epidemiology of chickenpox and allow the reader to develop a better understanding of the disease. The author intended for the reader to become informed about the causes, symptoms, mode of transmission, complications, treatment and mortality and morbidity rates. Also, the reader will become familiar with the determinants of health and contributing factors to develop varicella, the relation of the epidemiologic triangle, the role of the community health nurse, as well as identify a national organization that reduces the impact of the disease on the community. Chickenpox also known as varicella is a highly infectious disease caused by the varicella zoster virus. Varicella zoster can cause two illnesses, the first is chickenpox and the second illness is herpes zoster also known as shingles. Transmission of this highly infectious disease is spread through droplet exposure and contact with fluid from blister like vesicles. Examples of exposure through droplets are sneezing, coughing and oral secretions inhaled causing infection to the new host. Chickenpox is easily spread two to three days before the rash appears and is contagious until all the vesicles are scabbed over (WebMD, 2013). Symptoms tend to develop fourteen to sixteen days after exposure; around day ten after the first symptom is when the blisters crust...
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...Epidemiology: Chickenpox The Varicella-Zoster virus causes a very infectious disease called Chickenpox. Chickenpox is usually acquired through the inhalation of airborne respiratory droplets from an infected host. Chickenpox is primarily acquired during childhood , with more than 90% of all reported cases occurring in children under the age of 10. A person with chickenpox can spread the virus without even showing any signs or symptoms. It is usually most easily transmitted two to three days before a rash appears and keeps that high transmission rate until the blisters have crusted over. The following paper provides a detailed description of Chickenpox and the determinants of health contributing to the development of the disease. The epidemiologic triangle is used to explain the relationships among an agent, a host and the environment. The paper also addresses the role of the community health nurse in Chickenpox management and discusses the role of one national organization in the fight against the spread of Chickenpox. Description of Chickenpox Chickenpox is an infection caused by the Varicella-Zoster virus. It is considered contagious and is characterized by a itchy rash and appears like blisters all over the body . It occurs most frequently in children between the ages of five and eight years old and is transmitted so easily that the majority of the population will catch the disease at some point in their childhood. Chickenpox can be transmitted by coming into contact...
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...Chickenpox was discovered years, years ago. According to an article on chickenpox (2008), Giovanni Filippo (1510-1580) was the first to have the first description of varicella (chickenpox). Around this time, people would mistake a mild smallpox for chickenpox. Later, in 1767, a physician named William Heberden, also from England, was the first physician to clearly demonstrate that chickenpox was different from smallpox (Chickenpox, 2008). Chickenpox is just one of many disesases that are caused by virus's and like others, it has its characteristic transmission, symptoms, and treatments. According to the CDC (2011), chicken pox or Varicella is caused by the Varicella-zoster virus. This virus is also known as human herpes virus 3 (HHV-3),...
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...Agricultural Research Priority : Vision- 2030 and beyond Sub-sector: Livestock Professor Dr. A.M.M. Tareque And Dr. Shah Md. Ziqrul Haq Chowdhury Bangladesh Agricultural Research Council Farmgate, Dhaka April 2010 Research Priority in Agriculture and Vision Document-2030 and beyond Table of Contents Sl. No. 1 2 3 4 Subject Methodology/Work plan Terms of Reference (TOR) of the Group Leader Executive Summary Vision Document 2030 and beyond: Livestock Research in Bangladesh Background Review of the past Plans Targets: Achievable goals of livestock sub-sector under Vision 2021; Bangladesh for Resolution of Crisis and a Prosperous Future” Problems/Constraints Research Areas Commodity wise Research Priority Large Ruminants (Cattle and Buffalo) Small Ruminants (Goat and Sheep) Poultry Common to livestock health and production Hill Research Conclusion References Page No. 2 2 3 5 5 6 7 5 11 13 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 13 15 18 19 24 27 30 31 33 33 1 Research Priority in Agriculture and Vision Document-2030 and beyond Methodology/Work plan Twelve Experts Team have been formed in BARC in connection with the preparation of Vision Document–2030 and beyond vide letter No.ARC/P&E/103/2008/1540, dt. 29-10-09. Livestock Sub-sector group composed of Professor Dr. A.M.M. Tareque, as Group Leader and Dr. Shah Md. Ziqrul Haq Chowdhury, CSO (Livestock), BARC, as Member-Secretary. The work started with the convening of a day long workshop on SPGR priority setting...
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...Chickenpox along the Way By Vonsha Farnum Kaplan University Professor Danial Gilmore HS311-01: Epidemiology and Biostatistics I Chickenpox along the Way Chickenpox is a highly contagious disease caused by the varicella-zoster virus. Chickenpox being relatively a mild disease derived from chicken peas or the idea that the disease originated from chickens. Occurring in all parts of the world. Chickenpox was thought to be a form of smallpox until the late 19th century and was connected to shingles in 1888. The peak incidence is during months of March through May. Patients’ immune system does not completely clear out the virus from the body after being exposed. Chickenpox is spread from person to person. Airborne particles (sneezing and coughing), fluid from blisters, and droplets in exhaled air. Average incubation period from viral exposure to onset of symptoms is 12-14 days and symptoms can appear 10-21 days after exposed to the virus. Symptoms are rash that turns itchy, fluid filled blisters turn into scabs. Rash first on face, chest, and back. The rash then spreads to inside mouth, eyelids, and genital area. Chickenpox is rarely fatal however more severe to men than women or children. Infants, persons with weak immune systems, and pregnant women have a greater chance of contracting the virus. The also stand a greater chance of developing more serious complications that include skin infection, bone infections, joint infections, pneumonia, inflammation...
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...instance, Sorvari and Pirttila (2008) define microbes as tiny invisible disease-causing organisms only seen by the use of a powerful. Notably, there are four different types of pathogens that cause sickness. These are viral diseases that are the most common type of microbe causing diseases to human beings. Examples of viral diseases include AIDS, chicken pox, influenza and measles (World Health Organization, 2004). Bacterial diseases such as anthrax, cholera, chlamydia and peptic ulcer diseases give an account of the second class of microbial diseases. Fungal diseases such as athlete’s foot and Dutch elm disease form the third class whereas protozoan diseases occupy the fourth place in the division and consist of diseases such as malaria, giardiasis, and cryptosporidiosis. According to the World Health Organization (2004) an epidemic refers to a rapid spread of infectious diseases to affect large numbers of people in a given location. For example, the spread of meningococcal infection. Endemic diseases are infections with the ability to remain constant in a given region without the need for external inputs such as malaria and chicken pox. In addition, pandemics are diseases that spread throughout in a human population across a large region to cover the whole world. Examples include HIV/AIDS, smallpox, and Tuberculosis. On December 29, 2014 a famous and trusted news source known as CBSNEWS announced malaria as a forgotten epidemic that killed thousands of people in West Africa...
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