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Kemi rapport -Natron
Kemi rapport -Natron

Formål
At undersøge hvilket kemisk stof, der dannes ved opvarmning af natron.

Teori
Ved opvarmning af natron afgives gasser, og der bliver et hvidt pulver tilbage efter opvarmningen. Vi skal ved vejning og opvarmning afgøre, om et af følgende reaktionsskemaer kan være den rigti-ge.

a) 2NaHCO3(s) ⇌ Na2O(s) + H2O(g) + 2 CO2(g) b) 2NaHCO3(s) ⇌ Na2CO3(s) + H2O(g) + CO2(g) c) NaHCO3(s) ⇌ NaOH(s) + CO2(g)

Materiale liste
Digel med låg, digeltang, trådtrekant med porcelænrør, trefod, keramiknet, bundselbrænder, vægt, Natriumhydrogencarbonat (natron NaHCO3).
Øvelsens opstilling

Øvelsens udførelse En porcelænsdigel med låg opvarmes med gasflamme på en trefod med trådtrekant. Låget lægges på keramiknettet, hvorefter diglen vejes, når den er kold. Alle vejninger foretages uden låget. Vejningerne foretages med en nøjagtighed på 0,001 gram. Diglen fyldes halvt med natron, og den samlede masse af digel og salt findes. Diglen med låg ophedes forsigtigt ca. 5 minutter, låget tages af og efter svag opvarmning i yderligere et par minutter ophedes kraftigt ca. 15 minutter. Diglen afkøles, hvorefter massen af digel og rest bestemmes. Diglen med rest opvarmes kraftigt ca. 5 minutter, afkøles og vejes påny. Er diglens masse ændret med mere end 0,005 gram opvarmes atter, ellers ryddes op. Resultater
Resultater af vejninger: Digel 14,71g
Digel + natron 23,11 g
Natron 8,40 g Digel + produkt 1. vejning 19,98 g
Digel + produkt 2. vejning 19,98 g
Digel + produkt 3. vejning 19,95 g
Digel + produkt sidste vejning 19,98 g Produktmasse 19,98 g 1. Resultatbehandling
Afstem reaktionsskemaerne.

a. 2NaHCO3(s) ⇌ Na2O(s) + H2O(g) + 2 CO2(g) b. 2NaHCO3(s) ⇌ Na2CO3(s) + H2O(g) + CO2(g) c. NaHCO3(s) ⇌ NaOH(s) + CO2(g)

2. Beregn massen af NaHCO3 og stofmængden af NaHCO3.
Massen af NaHCO3 er 8,40g. Det har vi vejet os til i løbet af forsøget.
Stof mængden finder jeg ved et lille regnestykke: 22,99+1,008+12,01+48 = 84,008 g/mol. Stofmængden er altså 84,008 g/mol 3. Antag at omdannelsen af NaHCO3 sker efter reaktionsskema a). Hvor stor en stofmængde Na2O dannes der af den anvendte stofmængde NaHCO3? Beregn derefter massen af Na2O der dannes.
Stofmængden regnes ud sådan her 22,99+22,99+16= 61,98g/mol. Massen regnes ud sådan her 19,98-14,71 = 5,27 8,40-5,27 = 3,13g 4. Antag derefter at omdannelsen af NaHCO3 sker efter reaktionsskema b). Beregn massen af NaOH. Massen regner jeg ud sådan her 22,99+16+1,008 = 39 g/mol

5. Antag til sidst at det er reaktionsskema c) der er det rigtige. Beregn massen af Na2CO3 der dannes.
Massen der dannes er 105,99g/mol.

6. Anvend vejeresultaterne fra forsøget til at beregne massen af det faste reaktionsprodukt som ligger tilbage i diglen. 19,98-14,71 = 5,27g.

7. Hvilket reaktionsskema er det rigtige?
Jeg vil sige at det er b. som er den rigtige, fordi det er den som passer bedst med vores resultater.

8. Ifølge bagebøger kan tvekulsurt natron give bagværket en afsmag af soda. Hvordan kan det forklares? Fordi reaktionsskema b er reaktionsskemaet for dannelsen af soda. Fejlkilder
Vægten kunne være dysfunktionel, som vores 3. vejning godt kunne tyde på. Ud over det så kunne vi have afrundet forkert.
Vurdering
I min vurdering har forsøget været en succes. Vi fik udført forsøget korrekt og samlet de nødvendige resultater til at videre arbejde med forsøget.
Konklusion
Jeg kan konkluderer at jeg har nået mit formål med dette forsøg. Jeg fandt ud af at det var stoffet 2NaHCO3 (soda) som blev dannet ud af en forbrænding af natron.

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