...PGP-14-174 SUBJECT: CRITIQUE OF THE ESSAY ON TEENAGERS’ AUTONOMY ON ABORTION DATE: OCTOBER 6, 2014 I would like to share my views on the essay about the autonomy of abortion by Teenagers, the article seem to bear relevance for our proposal towards supporting the CSR investment to the organization under consideration. The essay analysis the laws permitting teenagers to go for abortion and how it affects the lives of the teenagers. The author has concluded that parental consent should be taken in such cases before taking any decision. However, on deeper examining of the reasons, it appears that there is a...
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...effective. It is a very easy form of birth control to use. It costs about $15 dollars to get through your doctor. The sponge helps block sperm from getting to the uterus. (“Birth Control Sponge”) With the sponge form of birth control it will really need your parents consent because this form is not really effective. This form of birth control is just a sponge that you can get with a prescription so the doctor will have all these questions and these technical terms that no teenager will understand so like what was said earlier you will have to have your parent their to help you understand everything that the doctor is telling...
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...Abortion Essay “It is a mistake to reject religious principles in favour of secular/ethical principles for guidance in medical ethics” Examine and comment on this claim with reference to the topic you have investigated (50 marks) Abortion is the deliberate termination of a pregnancy after the fertilisation of the human ovum and before birth. Abortion is debated because there are many different views with strong opinions and evidence for the pro-life and pro-choice argument. Pro-life is against abortion as they believe abortion should never be allowed and this is mostly religious people who believe with the pro-life argument, whereas pro-choice is where it is thought to be the mothers choice as it is her body so whatever she wants to happen to the baby can happen so the mother should always come before the foetus. Whether or not religious principles should be rejected in favour of non-religious principles is debated in Philosophy because there are a number of ethical issues which constantly surround this. In this essay I will comment on whether it is a mistake to favour non-religious beliefs over religious beliefs when looking at abortion, including those of Aristotle and John Paul II, and secular views which mean non-religious or spiritual views including those of Warren and Thompson. There are a number of types of abortion for example vacuum aspiration or suction termination which can only happen between the first 7 to 15 weeks of conception, this means that the foetus is...
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...Abortion Essay “It is a mistake to reject religious principles in favour of secular/ethical principles for guidance in medical ethics” Examine and comment on this claim with reference to the topic you have investigated (50 marks) Abortion is the deliberate termination of a pregnancy after the fertilisation of the human ovum and before birth. Abortion is debated because there are many different views with strong opinions and evidence for the pro-life and pro-choice argument. Pro-life is against abortion as they believe abortion should never be allowed and this is mostly religious people who believe with the pro-life argument, whereas pro-choice is where it is thought to be the mothers choice as it is her body so whatever she wants to happen to the baby can happen so the mother should always come before the foetus. Whether or not religious principles should be rejected in favour of non-religious principles is debated in Philosophy because there are a number of ethical issues which constantly surround this. In this essay I will comment on whether it is a mistake to favour non-religious beliefs over religious beliefs when looking at abortion, including those of Aristotle and John Paul II, and secular views which mean non-religious or spiritual views including those of Warren and Thompson. There are a number of types of abortion for example vacuum aspiration or suction termination which can only happen between the first 7 to 15 weeks of conception, this means that the foetus is...
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...A Regrettably Inadequate Defence of Abortion This essay shall examine and critique Judith Jarvis Thomson’s analogy of the sickly violinist, as it relates to the moral permissibility of abortion. I shall conclude that the analogy is ultimately too dissimilar from a general case of abortion to be an accurate representation of the mother-foetus relationship. I will further conclude that at best the analogy only provides justification for abortion in cases of rape, and when a developing foetus becomes a threat to the mother’s life. The Impermissibility Argument Much of the debate concerning the permissibility of abortion surrounds the notion of ‘personhood’, specifically whether a developing foetus qualifies as such a being. Opponents of abortion expend much energy arguing for the conferring of personhood to the moment of conception, whilst the proponents argue this would be a misclassification. One would not call a pinecone a pine tree; to label a foetus as a person is similarly inappropriate (Thomson: Page 47). Thomson argues this tact distracts from the primary concern of abortion, for even if one grants that a foetus is a person, one’s work is still ahead of them to argue against the permissibility of abortion (Thomson: Page 48). The argument runs as follows: P1: As a person, the foetus has the right to life. P2: As a person, the woman has the right of autonomy concerning her own body. P3: The right to life is more important than the right to autonomy over one’s...
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...Moral Permissibility of Abortion One question of great importance in today’s world deals with the moral permissibility of abortion. Traditional thought teaches that only in very rare occasions should it be permitted. Many modern thinkers tend to leave it up to the decision of the woman, who is under no responsibility to the fetus because it is not a fully developed person. The question of the moral permissibility of abortion, however, draws out a plethora of other questions such as: can a fetus be considered a human being? If so, when does it become a human being? Does a fetus have the same rights as a person? Is a woman required to sacrifice her health, interests, and commitments to sustain the fetus? In this essay, I will review the articles of Margaret Little and Judith Thomson to expose flaws in their arguments in behalf of abortion, and provide reasons that reject its permissibility. Thomson’s argument is known as the “Bodily Rights Argument,” which utilizes the analogy of the unconscious violinist to show that a pregnant mother, who did not chose to be in that situation, has no obligation to care for the life of the fetus against her will. This analogy tells of a person who is kidnapped and, upon waking, finds herself attached to medical equipment and lying next to a famous violinist. The violinist’s kidneys have failed him and aren’t able to remove toxins from his body, so they needed her, the one person with the right type of blood, to save the violinist. The doctor...
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...evidence, form a judgement and draw a conclusion.’ Underline key/important words. In this case: Assess, acceptable, consent, adults. You may produce a slightly different / longer / shorter list – I would say that the most important word is Consent. You need to find a way to produce a neatly tailored essay response to the question – this word gives you the opportunity! Carefully re-write the essay question to see if you can get closer to the heart of the question. I came up with this: The norms/goods of consent and adulthood are all that matters to Christians with regard to any issues of sexual behaviour Well – we know they are important, even vital, but they are not all that matters to most Christians. This may be the conclusion – have this in mind when starting the essay! Notice you will have, by this stage, produced the beginnings of a plan. Now finish it! Essay plans are a good idea and examiners like to see them! You may want to mention the post-modern and hedonistic view of sex (contractual) (libertarian). Contraception, abortion, divorce, feminism have allowed people to feel liberated in terms of sexuality. Glamour magazines etc. Mention utilitarianism – how can you be harming someone (harm principle) when they consent – we presume pleasure follows consent - or does it??!! Quick ref to hedonic calculus – purity of pleasure. Consent seems to be the biggest issue in a post-modern age. Also deontology – ‘over the self the individual is sovereign’ (Kant)...
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...Warren’s Pro-Abortion Personhood Argument, Infanticide objection, other criticisms Thomson: Violinist Case, People-Seed Case, what each is meant to prove, Lottery Case, other potential responses to Thomson Marquis: Future Like Ours Argument, No Future Objection, other potential objections Other Sexual Topics: Uniqueness View: There is a special distinct sexuality, Non-Uniqueness View: sex is just like every other human interaction NOT SPECIAL , Love Theory: Sex is only permissible when you love the person with whom you are having sex, too restrictive: there’s other legitimate reasons to have sex, too broad your children?, New Natural law: Sex must fulfill the “marital good”, you must always act in accord the certain basic goods, martial good; unitive- only fulfill unitive if it involves full giving of oneself to another, procreative-only if both partners are open to chance of reproduction Things that are wrong for NNL: premarital sex, contraception, oral anal, mutual (Masturbation) generic liberal understanding: in general sex is morally ok so long as everyone consents (voluntary, informed) and it does not involve great harm (there can be overriding factors), reasons to consider polygamy wrong: sex with a non spouse, tends to subject women, reasons to consider incest wrong: higher percent rate of birth defects, upsets familial bonds, reasons to consider bestiality wrong: animals can’t consent, diseases, reasons to consider adult-child sex wrong: cant consent (child)...
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...knowledge of the world yet. If born with a defect, inhibiting its ability to further realize its existence, I am for euthanasia. There have been around 40 million abortions since the Roe v. Wade decision was finalized on January 22, 1973. Many strong opinions arise on whether a woman should have the right to an abortion, and whether the court has the power to grant a woman this right. In the case of Roe v. Wade, the Court prohibited any regulation of abortion in the first trimester, allowed only adjustments pertaining to the health of the mother in the second, and only maternal health reasons in the third. The Roe v. Wade decision is responsible for killing about 35 million innocent human beings, and counting, as a direct result of abortion. The fight over whether to criminalize abortion has grown increasingly fierce in recent years with no end in sight, it is currently legal in all states. Another controversial topic, euthanasia, is also known as the painless killing of a patient suffering from an incurable and painful disease or in an irreversible coma. It is similar to abortion but the being is now grown. The world view on euthanasia has always been a very controversial subject. Some countries allow it, yet in other countries, it is tolerated but illegal. Voluntary euthanasia is that in which the subject consents in some places, voluntary euthanasia is accepted more so than non-voluntary euthanasia. Many people think that if a child is born with severe deformities,...
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...Title of paper: Name of student: Name of professor: Name of institution: Date submitted: Introduction Abortion has different definitions by the diverse communities and societal bodies. However the general definition of abortion is the “intentional termination of a pregnancy after conception.” It normally allows a woman to put to an end a pregnancy but it results to killing of the underdeveloped fetus. Abortion is a very controversial topic in the society and this state is not an exception (Adler, Filippi, Thomas, & Ronsmans, 2012). There are various methods of abortion that are well familiar. These are clinical abortion procedures and the use of pills. This paper looks into deep detail whether it is allowed or ethical if a woman decides to do it when she does not love the father to the unborn and the legal consents available for the father and the woman concerning the same. As per the medical practitioner and the groups that lobby for planned parentage, the woman has a right to give birth as and when she is very much ready to nurture the fetus up to a child. This is by the proposition that the fetus is not a person nor is it living, and there is need to prove that it has life. This therefore is under the discretion of the woman to decide whether to give birth or to abort (Sifris, 2013). However in this case, the medical practitioners do not support the move by the woman in that she should do it incase of a medical problem that poses a threat to the health...
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...Abortions in Teenagers: Is it Right? Abortion among teenagers is becoming a very controversial subject throughout the world. Unplanned pregnancies are more common now than they ever have been. An unplanned pregnancy is scary to even think about, but it actually happening could be life changing. However, if the pregnancy is planned an abortion could still be possible. Some people believe abortion is never right but in some cases others may think it is necessary. For the abortions that are performed, there not only is the emotional factor of ending a life but there are also serious symptoms that a person can have after an abortion. In addition to this, a controversial topic is whether or not an abortion is ending a life. To some, an abortion...
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...The scientific definition of abortion is termination of a pregnancy prematurely by removing a fetus or an embryo from the uterus. Abortion is a very sensitive matter that has people with differing opinions about its permissibility. Some people believe that abortion is similar to committing murder since the fetus is a human with a life. On the other hand, others feel that parents have a right to choose whether to see a pregnancy to full term or to terminate it before it's due. This argument is usually centered on the notion that removing a fetus or an embryo from the uterus cannot be compared to murder as this is not yet a baby. The major controversy about abortion lies in the definition of what stage of development the fetus is in and at which point...
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...confirms that her baby has Down syndrome, and her doctors suggest she abort the fetus. Susan has a successful career and wants to maintain a healthy balance between her career and family. Yet she feels very uncomfortable with abortion. She seeks some advice from Richard, an influential professor of evolutionary biology who has spent his career seeking to further human potential and minimize human suffering. When Susan asks Richard if she should abort the fetus or give birth to a baby with Down syndrome, Richard replied that human beings should increase happiness and decrease suffering in this world, and therefore he would suggest that she abort, though he also stated that she must make this choice for herself. Richard emphasized the lifelong suffering of both the child with Down syndrome and Susan as the child’s caretaker and stated that it may be immoral to bring a baby into the world if she knew the kind of suffering the child would experience. In fact, Richard suggest that perhaps the most ethical course of action would be to prevent this baby from living a life full of suffering. How would Susan respond? What decision should she make if her baby would suffer with Down syndrome, yet she wants to have a baby? Abbreviated Abortion Ethical Dilemma Essay Ethical dilemmas are complicated situations where people have to choose alternatives of two moral principles that are in conflict, which constitute the sense of what is right and what is wrong. All over the world, people face...
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...How significant lifestones are marked in different cultures In our lifetime we will celebrate a range of different milestones or rites of passage. These events are celebrated in various different ways in various cultures or religions. In this essay I will explore a range of different milestones or right of passage such as birth, puberty, marriage death etc. amoung the different cultures and religions. I will also compare and contrast the religious beliefs in 2 different religions/cultures/socieities. The first milestone is birth. Birth is a milestone that is celebrated in every culture. The birth of a child can be marked with a family gathering after the mother has given birth. A welcoming home party may also be carried out. Birth can also be celebrated later on in life with Birthdays. Birthdays also mark a significant date in a persons life. For example, birthdays can effect the person and the legal system. Examples of this are when a person turns 18 they are considered an adult, legal to vote, legal to purchase alcohol, consent to sex, to marry and to obtain a drivers license. The next milestone is puberty. Puberty is marked in various different ways in different cultures. Puberty marks the change of when a child becomes a teenager and matures. Puberty in a vary of different ways in different cultures. For example, puberty in the Irish catholic culture is celebrated with a ceremony called '' Confirmation ''. Confirmation marks the person as having completed...
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...Course Title 19 December 2012 Abortion: Why it should be not be banned In the United States and most part of the world, the issue of abortion has sparked a heavy controversy, creating a strong debate over the rights and wrongs of deliberately ending a pregnancy before normal childbirth. There is no denying the fact that, most people today are caught in between the moral dilemma of whether or not to terminate a pregnancy. It is one of the issues in our society today creating not just a political divide, but equally a public and moral one. For example, the Telegraph of December 18, 2012 published its story which reads in part: A Polish Catholic organisation has sparked furore after it compared legal abortion to the Newtown school massacre. On its website the conservative organisation Fronda asked what the difference was between "children killed by doctors and children killed by a madman?" It also questioned whether killing children with parental consent is better than killing children against their will? ( para. 1-3). The above news lead reminds us once again of the opposing views held by different members of the society concerning abortion. Before delving into the argument arena, it is imperative that the term abortion be defined; its historical background briefly discussed, and some arguments in support of ban be examined. This will serve as foundation upon which this work will rest. The Oxford Advanced Learner’s Dictionary defines the term abortion as ‘‘the deliberate ending...
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