...countries are doing enough to help the poor. According to research, major problems are affecting global efforts in eradication of poverty by increased the price of basic need, which the poor cannot afford. If this problem is going to continuously happened, the amount of poor will increase. It is happening in Africa and Asia, where millions of people die every day which caused by problems like hunger and lack of medical care. Western countries are defined as the country that located at western hemisphere affairs such as United Kingdom, Europe, Canada, and America (Worldatlas, year unknown). These countries organise various projects to eradicate these issues so that poverty can be solved. Global poverty is defined as a lack of material wealth needed to maintain existence (The Three Dictionary,2011). This essay will seek to argue that western countries are doing enough to fight global poverty. These will be referenced on the three areas of eradicating extreme poverty and hunger, improving the supply of medicine to those in need and providing education to young children. To begin with, western countries are doing enough to fight global poverty because they are eradicating hunger. Western countries provide food and daily needs for the poor through funding or organization like Millennium Development Goals by the United Nations. Around the world more than 2.5 billion of poor live in grinding poverty on less than $2 a day (the UN Works for People and the Planet, 2011). According to the “8 Goals...
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...Capabilities: Income and Poverty In Creating Capabilities Martha C. Nussabaum suggests that measuring poverty using one’s income can be misleading and problematic when it comes to understanding the real reason why the person is poor. Nussabaum argues that poverty “involves heterogeneous failures of opportunity, which are not always well correlated with income” (Nussabaum 143). The problem with measuring poverty through the means of just income is outdated, there are many devastating factors that can greatly altar one’s living condition besides their income. As Nussabaum suggests, income is an inaccurate means in determining one’s well-being because other factors such as education, nutrition and debt could contribute to greatly altering one’s earnings, then causes them to go into poverty. This essay is to explain why measuring poverty through income is a problem. Nussabaum’s belief of why the measurement of poverty is determined by income is flawed and how it should not be used because, there are other factors that can greatly altar ones living conditions will be defined as: “Poverty involves heterogeneous failures of opportunity, which are not always well correlated with income; moreover, people in positions of social exclusion may have difficulty converting income into actual functioning, so income is not even a good proxy for capabilities”(Nussabaum 143-4). The research in this essay includes the article What’s the Best Way to Measure Poverty? by Matthew Philips (freakonomics...
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...their historical materialist approach but could not bring any formidable solutions to avert social problems. By definition a social problem is an elusive concept to define and it takes forms that are the subjective and objective understanding. Eitzen et al. (2009:8) argue that some social conditions are detrimental in any situation. In this sense, they have an objective character. There are conditions in society such as poverty, racism, sexism that cause material or psycho logical suffering for parts of the population. Those conditions are, therefore, social problems in any social setting. Social problems are those conditions which are universally agreed upon by society to have adverse effects many people and those conditions which causes material and psychic suffering of the body or society such as HIV/AIDS, terrorism, war, poverty, conflict, corruption and crime (Eitzen and Bacca- Zinn, 2009). Thus, social problems have their roots form the social, economic, political, environmental, cultural and geographical contexts, thus they are socially constructed. This essay assesses the Marxist explanation and its applicability to the study of social problems and on the whole what solutions it suggests to address them. The conflict perspective is a structuralist theory which examines social institutions and how power and economic material are distributed in society. The Marxist perspective posits that society is divided into two major classes of those who own the means of production and...
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...Munachonga Banji David St. Aubin PHL 102-004 November 10, 2016 Commentary In the essays “Famine, Affluence and Morality” by Peter Singer and “Poverty and Parenthood” by Stuart Rachel, both authors argue on their different viewpoint of what is morally right when it comes to preventing suffering and what hinders us to prevent or reduce that suffering. They both agree that donation to charity to reduce suffering is a short term solution, while reducing the population on the planet is a permeant solution to the suffering of starvation. They argue that it is our individual duty to make reasonable choices that will help prevent the suffering, but their view on what these choices are differs. In his essay, Perter Singer argues that affluent nations have the duty to prevent avoidable poverty and death in poorer nations. He states that our negative actions towards the suffering caused by poverty and death are not justifiable. By ignoring the suffering, we as a society are taking life for...
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...their historical materialist approach but could not bring any formidable solutions to avert social problems. By definition a social problem is an elusive concept to define and it takes forms that are the subjective and objective understanding. Eitzen et al. (2009:8) argue that some social conditions are detrimental in any situation. In this sense, they have an objective character. There are conditions in society such as poverty, racism, sexism that cause material or psychological suffering for parts of the population. Those conditions are, therefore, social problems in any social setting. Social problems are those conditions which are universally agreed upon by society to have adverse effects many people and those conditions which causes material and psychic suffering of the body or society such as HIV/AIDS, terrorism, war, poverty, conflict, corruption and crime (Eitzen and Bacca-Zinn, 2009). Thus, social problems have their roots form the social, economic, political, environmental, cultural and geographical contexts, thus they are socially constructed. This essay assesses the Marxist explanation and its applicability to the study of social problems and on the whole what solutions it suggests to address them. The conflict perspective is a structuralist theory which examines social institutions and how power and economic material are distributed in society. The Marxist perspective posits that society is divided into two major classes of those who own the means of production and...
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...June 2014 - Context 1 - Essay Model Answer: The key here, as it always is, is to understand what the question is asking and then making sure that we answer it. An idea here would be to try to simplify the question, so that we really understand what it is asking us. I think what is asking could be summed up with: Should governments stop food from being used to produce biofuel. The main starting point has to be the structure of the essay. Here the acronym DIC ED S P A C applies: Definition In Context Explained Diagram Solutions Problems Alternatives Conclusion The obvious definition from the question is probably Government Intervention. Government Intervention occurs when a governing body decides to manipulate a market, usually to prevent a market failure. In this case the market failure could be seen to be poverty and inequality as there is evidence in the text that, due to rising food prices, more and more people are unable to afford food, one of the basic needs for survival. Clearly, as I am referring back to the text, this is in context. Next up I need an explained diagram. I need this diagram to explain why there is a problem in this market, so I will show that as more crops are being demanded for biofuels, this leaves less available for food. It is clear that as the amount of fossil fuels reduces, but the world population increases, there is more of a demand for energy sources. This is shown in diagram 1: Diagram 1: From...
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...Representations of Africa in a global context have been largely negative, often presumed to be one country the continent is stigmatised as backwards, disease ridden, violent and in need of Western assistance. Although some positive imagery does emerge from Africa including that associated with Comic Relief, corporate campaigns such as Guinness’s stylish philosophy and in music videos like ‘Am I wrong’ by Nico and Vinz, Africa is subject to the use and re-use of negative imagery resulting in prominent stereotypes shaping our geographical imaginations of the continent. This is a similar concept to that of orientalism explored by Edward Said (1987). This essay will argue that presumptions of the ‘real Africa’ are largely negative, discussing how ‘Africanism’ and stereotypes of the continent are heavily influenced by colonial representations of people and place arguing that these assumptions are highly compatible with Western domination and power rooted in imperial attitudes. Jan Pieterse (1992:75) recognises that Africa has been depicted as the ‘Dark Continent’ plagued by stereotypes ‘which colonialism would build on and elaborate’. Imaginaries of childlike, savage, inhumane distant others who are dependent upon Western help dominate the way in which Africa is perceived. Campbell and Power (2010) suggest that a dominant scopic regime shapes our perception of Africa through the repetitive use of colonial tropes which has become embedded in the global visual economy. These presumptions...
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...Poverty is a global phenomenon affecting every country. According the United Nations, poverty is the inability to seek basic needs such as food, clothing and shelter based on the incapability of not having enough money. However, it is not all about the inability to seek basic needs but beyond that. “It is about the denial of opportunities and choices that are widely regarded as essential to lead a long, healthy, creative life and to enjoy a decent standard of living, freedom, dignity, self-esteem and the respect of others” (United Nations- Global Teaching and Learning Project, 2014, 1). Poverty makes other major problems worse including slave labour, human trafficking and the spread of diseases. However, the root cause of these global issues is the relationship between poverty and the lack of education. The big question is whether increased education will reduce poverty or, is a lack of education a result of poverty? Increased education can lead to the reduction of poverty by providing people with learning skills to get a job and provide a source of income. Education has the most crucial role in eliminating poverty as with education there are many more opportunities. For the eradication of poverty, primary education is essential because with the increase in education, people will not lack cognitive skills- being able to progress better. (United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization, 2001; Brown, J., Pollitt, E. Malnutrition, 1996). A counter argument is...
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...INTI International College Subang ECO405/406: Issues in the Global Economy Coursework- Essay questions Aug 2012 Essay 1 Choose ONE question only (not more than 1800 words). 1. Critically discuss the factors that have contributed to the rapid globalisation of trade in developing and less developed countries. 2. Trade protection in agriculture by European Union and the United States results in gains for some and loss for others. Evaluate the impact of US Farm Policy or EU Common Agriculture Policy on developing countries. Essay 2 Choose ONE question only (not more than 1800 words). 1. Discuss the causes of financial globalization and evaluate the positive and negative influences on developing countries. 2. Identify the concepts of poverty and inequality in a globalised world and assess the interrelationships between poverty, inequality, globalisation and growth. INFORMATION ON ASSESSMENT Student performance in this module is assessed 100 per cent by coursework, which consists of two short essays and an in-class group presentation. Two Essays: Students are free to choose any of the essay questions from each set (identified as Essay 1 and Essay 2). The word limit for essays is 1800 words for each essay. Each essay accounts for 30 per cent of the final mark. The following guidelines should strictly be adhered when writing essays * Essays for this module are different from presentations in that they are not based on case studies although...
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...and the Global Economy Take Home Examination 2 November 2012 INSTRUCTIONS: The examination is worth 35% of the final mark for this unit. Students are to answer ONE question from SECTION A and ONE question from SECTION B, each in essay format, independently. Each essay should be approximately 750 words and should be referenced appropriately. Each essay will constitute 50% of the mark for this piece of assessment. Completed exams should be submitted to the Essay Box in the Politics and International Relations Program Office no later than 5pm on Monday 5 November and also lodged electronically via the Turnitin link on LMS. As this is an examination there will be no extensions. Any exams submitted after the due date will receive 0% for this piece of work. If circumstances befall a student during the examination that prevent timely completion, students should contact Dr Jon Symons (J.Symons@latrobe.edu.au) with written evidence of the problem and an alternative time to complete the examination will be arranged. QUESTIONS: SECTION A 1. To what extent have the main features of the global economic order established after World War II been transformed by globalization? 2. ‘The failure of so many multilateral institutions reflects not just the problems of those institutions but the shortcomings of multilateralism more generally.’ Critically evaluate this claim in relation to ONE multilateral institution. 3. To what extent do liberal ideas retain their dominance in the current global economic...
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...What are the systemic, corporate, and individual ethical issues raised by this case? • Local and Global Laws are not enforced due to lack of resources or the desire to enforce the laws. • The number of farmers (1M) and the system makes it difficult to identify the source of the cocoa beans harvested using slavery. • Global decline in cocoa bean prices drove farmers to use slavery to lower labor cost. • Corporations are unable or unwilling to take action to improve the situation in harvesting the cocoa bean. • The fundamental demands of shareholder profits drives corporation to turn a blind eye to how cocoa is harvested. • Chocolate Consumers are kept so far removed from the Cocoa source that they are unaware or choose to be ignorant of the cost involved to create chocolate. 2) In your view is the kind of child slavery discussed in this case absolutely wrong no matter what or is it only relatively wrong i.e. if one happens to live in a society like ours that disapproves of Slavery. I believe that Slavery is wrong. Kidnapping is wrong. Forced labor for children is wrong. I would like to believe Slavery is absolutely wrong but this is coming from a Western perspective where we hold personal freedom as a right. We also don’t see the populations of poverty that some third world countries face. In countries where there is a high infant/child death rate due to poverty, and starvation, living as a slave could be seen as a preferable option compared to death. 3)...
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...lower socioeconomic level can achieve upward social mobility. This, of course, this is not true for millions of Americans because no system is perfect or even great for that matter. The subject of this essay is one that feels as though it has been intentionally avoided due to the stigma associated with it by many people in society. However, it deserves utmost regard and should be addressed by American politicians as well as local leaders. That topic is poverty, and this essay will try to explain how something such as poverty can span all ethnic groups as well as age groups. I will also try to offer some possible solutions that though they may be unrealistic due to the fact of government stagnation, they would help the average impoverished American escape the grasp of poverty. In 1929 the Great depression began. It was a period of immense turmoil in America, as many people were thrusted into poverty. To combat this, in 1935, President Franklin Roosevelt proposed, and Congress enacted, the Social Security Act to hedge against the hazards and hardships of life, including events that caused a family to lose its...
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...relationship between globalisation, inequality and poverty. The term globalisation refers to the process by which the world has become more connected through advancements in technology, transport and communications and resultantly become integrated in many areas of life. For the purposes of this essay, one will be discussing the relationship between primarily economic globalisation, poverty and inequality in what many have referred to as the ‘third wave’ of globalisation, which has been prominent since the 1980s. Advocates of economic globalisation, understood as “the widening, deepening, and speeding up of worldwide interconnectedness” (McGrew in Ravenhill, 2005: 275) suggest that economic advancement through globalisation is a by-product of well-functioning markets; that countries should specialise in line with their comparative advantage; and that countries should practice free trade as a guiding principle. (Wade, 2004a: 184) Still today there exists huge economic inequality both within and between countries, and mass poverty is an issue which is still high on the agenda of world leaders across the globe. Yet data from the World Bank has shown that the number of people living in extreme poverty, of which it classifies as those living on less than $1 per day in Purchasing Power Parity (PPP) has fallen in the last two decades for the first time in 120 years. (Wade, 2004a: 163) The relationship between globalisation, inequality and poverty thus seems to be one which is subject to highly...
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...Nicholas Jones GEOG 370 Prof. Wilder 29 Jan 2014 Short Paper #1 Gustavo Esteva’s essay titled “The Invention of Underdevelopment”; he discusses the speech that President Truman used to create the term “underdevelopment” and the progression of the term through history to the present day definition, as well as the possible negative outcomes created by labeling a population or country underdeveloped. Esteva also points out the effects this “glass half empty” label can have on a country’s people and its development. This can be especially detrimental on global scale when considering that two thirds of the world is still living in poverty; despite efforts from the UN and other organizations to help these countries increase their GDP. As result of these efforts, poverty levels did not decrease. Bringing to light, that simply growing a countries economy is not the solution as once thought. Another famous post-development anthropologist, Arturo Escobar, examines this aspect of word underdevelopment in his paper “The Invention of Development”. Arturo then begins to talk about the discourse of development and how poverty has been problematized by the First World through the formation of organizations and foundations. Although formed with good intentions, these organizations create a crutch for the country especially when they begin establishing themselves as an authoritarian figure. While Arturo and Esteva are extremely similar in their viewpoints of development and the implications...
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...QSN : POVERTY IS A CAUSE OF INDIVIDUAL DEFICIENCIES.DISCUSS Poverty in its most general sense is the lack of necessities. Basic food, shelter, medical care, and safety are generally thought necessary based on shared values of human dignity. Some societies focus on individual failures and deficiencies to explain the occurrence and patterns of poverty. Personal characteristics such as laziness or lack of ability are seen as the primary causes of poverty. The poor are blamed for being poor and solutions to poverty are assumed to lie within their individual control. But this approach fails to acknowledge that poverty is not random. The likelihood of poverty varies sharply depending on age, gender, family structure, health, education, economic conditions and where you live. In other words, it is not the poor choices and ‘bad’ behaviour of individuals that lead to poverty, but structural failings which stack the odds against certain people and make it difficult for them to escape deprivation or reach their full potential. In other words however individual deficiencies may lead to poverty but only to a lesser extent since they are many more factors that may lead to poverty which include cultural belief systems, geographical disparities, and economic, political and social distortions or discrimination. These are some of the factors that lead to poverty which will be expanded in the essay below. Failure in life may be due to some inborn deficiencies such as physical or mental handicap...
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