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Essay On Immobilization

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suffer from problems such as enzyme leakage from matrix when the interactions are relatively weak.
Nonspecific Adsorption The simplest immobilization method is nonspecific adsorption, which is mainly based on physical adsorption or ionic binding.
In physical adsorption, the enzymes are attached to the matrix through hydrogen bonding, van der Waals forces, or hydrophobic interactions; whereas in ionic bonding the enzymes are bound through salt linkages. This method is the easiest method of preparing immobilized enzymes, being based on the physical adsorption of the enzyme molecules onto the surface of solid matrices.
Ionic binding Ionic binding provides a slightly more specific way of attaching an enzyme to a carrier: many ion exchange resins, example DEAE- …show more content…
The precipitation of the metal ion on the carrier can be achieved by heating. The carrier and the enzyme can be separated by decreasing the pH, since it is a reversible process, the matrix and the enzyme can be regenerated.
This flow chart show the classsifcation of Immobilisation methods based on the solubility nature of the enzymes. Binding and entrapment methods are used for soluble enzymes.
Derivatisation and without derivatisation methods are used for the enzymes that are insoluble in nature. Immobilisation without enzyme derivatisation includes the use of membranes impermeable to enzyme molecules but permeable to product, and in some cases to substrate molecules and because no chemical modification occurs, the method allows the study of enzymes.
Recently several reports have described chemical modification of enzyme without insolubilisation, using low or high molecular weight compounds. For example, the acylation of enzymes with low molecular weight reagents can have a stabilizing effect.
Properties of Immobilized

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