...into gravel that hardens/binds together when compacted. The best gravel to leave exposed for a long time is R.A.P. (Recycled Asphalt Product), a great product on any driveway, parking area or lane. There are three key requirements that must be satisfied for asphalt pavement recycling to be successful. Recycled asphalt pavements must: 1. Be cost effective, 2. Be environmentally responsible, and 3. Perform well. In 2007, the FHWA Office of Pavement Technology initiated an Expert Task Group (ETG) on the use of RAP in the construction and rehabilitation of flexible pavements for highways and roads. The ETG is comprised of experts on the use of RAP in asphalt paving mixtures from State DOTs, FHWA, the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO), National Asphalt Pavement Association (NAPA), and National Center for Asphalt Technology (NCAT). The purpose of the ETG is to advance the use of RAP in asphalt paving applications by providing highway agencies with critical information regarding the use of RAP, technical guidance on high-RAP projects, and direction on research activities. For more information on the RAP ETG, please see: http://www.ncat.us/RAP/. Recycled asphalt on the other hand is quite simply asphalt concrete which has been reprocessed by mixing the reclaimed asphalt pavement with new asphalt and aggregates. In some circumstances, a recycling agent is also introduced into the mix to improve the performance of the recycled asphalt by softening...
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...Soldiers (IET). Marksmanship training has always been an area in which the Army have continued to struggle. The basics of being an effective combat Soldier is to qualify with your assigned weapon (M4 carbine). All Soldiers must qualify with their weapon in order to graduate from basic training. The Army has infrequently placed a high precedence on marksmanship proficiency. The Afghanistan conflict is winding down. The Department of Defense will continue draw down the active duty forces in 2014. The goal of the reduction is to reduce the Army's manning structure to 490,000 in two years. These initiatives have effective the availability of much-needed training resources for all Soldiers. Meanwhile, Army commanders are charged with the tasks to develop plans and solutions that will enable the Army to maintain a high state of readiness. Providing services to the Army through contracting has always been a lucrative opportunity. The Small Business Administration announced that for the first time in eight years the federal government met its 23 percent statutory goal for small business contracting in fiscal year 2013. The Army played a major role in this...
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...the range of possible outcomes, etc.), and as the number of assumptions grows, the accuracy of the VaR estimates tends to decrease. As the use of VaR extends from pure risk measurement to risk control in areas such as VaR-based Stress Testing and capital allocation, it is essential that the risk numbers provide accurate information, and that someone in the organization is accountable for producing the best possible risk estimates. In order to ensure the accuracy of the forecasted risk numbers, risk managers should regularly backtest the risk models being used, and evaluate alternative models if the results are not entirely satisfactory. VaR models provide a framework to measure risk, and if a particular model does not perform its intended task properly, it should be refined or replaced, and...
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...AMSS Applications Season 2004\05 Introduction 4 1.1 Objective 5 1.2 Concepts 5 1.2.1 CNS-ATM 6 1.2.2 RNAV 7 1.2.3 Free Flight 8 1.2.4 Gate to Gate 9 2 GNSS 10 2.1 Global position constellation 14 2.1.1 Global Position System (GPS) 14 2.1.2 GLONASS 17 2.1.3 Galileo 18 2.2 SBAS 21 2.2.1 WAAS 22 2.2.2 EGNOS 23 2.2.3 MTSAS 25 2.3 GBAS 26 2.3.1 DGPS 26 2.3.1.1 LAAS 28 2.3.2 RTK 28 2.3.3 GRAS 29 2.3.4 VDL 29 2.3.4.1 VDL Mode 1 30 2.3.4.2 VDL Mode -2 30 2.3.4.3 VDL Mode 3 30 2.3.4.4 VDL Mode 4 31 2.4 ABAS 31 2.4.1 RAIM 32 2.4.1.1 RAIM (FD) 32 2.4.1.2 RAIM (FDE) 33 2.4.2 AAIM 33 3 Communication Systems 34 3.1 INMARSAT 34 3.2 INTELSAT y EUTELSAT 37 3.3 IRIDIUM 39 4 New technologies and developing projects 41 4.1 VSAT 41 4.2 SDLS 44 4.3 MASSAO y Aerofleet projects 45 4.4 OPTIMAL project 48 5 Conclussions 50 5.1 Role in CNS/ATM 50 5.2 Gate to gate? 53 5.3 New system beyond 2020 56 5.4 Comparison with the current ATM system 59 6 Acronyms 61 7 Bibliography 64 7.1 webpages 64 7.2 documents (all of them are in internet) 66 8 Appendix 68 8.1 Techniques of modulation 68 8.2 Standards and recommended practices in annexes 1,6 and 11 68 8.3 Data link services defined by ICAO 72 Introduction All forms of aviation need reliable communications, navigation and surveillance systems to...
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...Pay for Performance Incentive Programs in Healthcare: Market Dynamics and Business Process Executive Briefing AUTHOR Geoffrey Baker, MBA President, Med-Vantage® Inc. 1 California Street, Suite 2800 San Francisco, California 94111 CONTRIBUTORS John Haughton, MD, MS Founder, DocSite LLC 540 Main Street Winchester, Massachusetts 01890 Peter Mongroo Director, Healthcare Industries Markets Oracle Corporation 500 Oracle Parkway Redwood Shores, California 94065 A Research Report sponsored by ViPSSM, Inc. in partnership with Med-Vantage® 2003 Table of Contents Introduction.......................................................................................................................2 Goals and Motivations behind Pay for Performance..................................................................4 Market Adoption .................................................................................................................5 Funding and Incentives .......................................................................................................7 Measuring Performance: Physicians and Hospitals..................................................................10 P4P Operations and Business Processes for Health Plans.........................................................12 Key Lessons Learned and Critical Success Factors ..................................................................14 Conclusion...........................................................
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...The White Paper on Local Government 9 March 1998 The White Paper is dedicated to the memory of Tshepiso Mashinini (1966-1998), chairperson of the White Paper Working Committee, and all the other women and men who contributed to the building of a democratic system of local government in South Africa CONTENTS Foreword by Minister Mohammed Valli Moosa Foreword by Mr Pravin Gordhan Introduction SECTION A: CURRENT REALITY 1. A history of local government 2. The current state of local government 2.1. The different forms of municipality 2.2. Local government finance 2.3. Administration 2.4. Legislative complexity 2.5. Powers and functions 2.6. Global and national trends 2.7. The transition process 3. Settlement patterns and trends 3.1. Introduction 3.2. Settlement types 3.3. The implications of current settlement patterns 4. Defining the challenge for local government 4.1. Challenges facing South African municipalities 5. Concluding comment SECTION B: DEVELOPMENTAL LOCAL GOVERNMENT 1. Characteristics of developmental local government 1.1. Maximising social development and economic growth 1.2. Integrating and coordinating 1.3. Democratising development, empowering and redistributing 1.4. Leading and learning 2. Developmental outcomes of local government 2.1. Provision of household infrastructure and services 2.2. Creation of liveable, integrated cities, towns and rural areas 2.3. Local economic development ...
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