...Unfortunately, it is quite often that nurses are faced with some complicated situations that may develop into an ethical dilemma. This may cause a great amount of stress within the work environment. For an example, the legal system goes beyond measures to disapprove the practices of kickbacks. Penner (2017) defines kickbacks as payments or favors received for influencing purchases (Penner, 2017). These incentives may guide patients away from cost effective, high quality treatments and dishonorably persuade many providers to refer patients for unnecessary test and procedures. In this situation, the patient’s autonomy is not being honored. The patient should have the freedom to make all decisions about their health care needs without being coerced....
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...Ethical Dilemmas in Global Health Care: Cosmetic Surgery on Children Grand Canyon University NRS-437V November 13, 2011 Ethical Dilemmas in Global Health Care: Cosmetic Surgery on Children Nationally and internationally public awareness and concerns regarding cosmetic surgery on children is increasing (Kitiparnchai & Then, 2011). The United States of America had over 36,000 cosmetic procedures on children just in 2009 (Kitiparnchai & Then, 2011). These elective cosmetic procedures include: rhinoplasty, breast augmentation, otoplasty, liposuction, tummy tucks, and westernizing eye surgery (blepharoplasty) for Asian children (Kitiparnchai & Then, 2011; Ouellette, 2009). Blephroplasty widens the eyes of Asians, and is even performed on newborns (Ouellette, 2009). There is no specific law that blocks the use of plastic surgery on children (Ouellette, 2009). The American Academy of Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery code of ethics states merely that surgical operation should not be performed if it is not calculated to improve or benefit the patient (Ouellette, 2009). The Australian Medical Association position statement on body image and health states that “ patients under 18 years of age should not have procedures to modify or enhance physical appearance, unless it is in their medical and or psychological interest” (Kitiparnchai & Then, 2011, p. 514).There is no explanation by either of these entities on how we should determine if it is in their medical and or...
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...As a healthcare professional, you make critical decisions. However, making those decisions and making sure no ethical principles are violated is very important. In this paper, I am going to go over six medical cases, what ethical principles are violated, and what I believe should be done in regard to the situation. Hannah Jones is a 13-year-old girl that needs a heart transplant. She needs the heart transplant because she used to have leukemia which required her to receive chemotherapy, which in turned weakened her heart. Hannah finds out that the medication she will have to take after her transplant may result in her getting leukemia again. Hannah decides that she doesn’t want to get the transplant and her mom supports her decision. However, the child protection team at the hospital does not support her decision and considers making her have the transplant against her will by applying to the High Court. Hannah has the right to make her own decision on what she wants to do with her body. That decision is between her and her mother. 79% of people agree with me that Hannah’s wishes should be followed....
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...Ethical Dilemmas in Global Health Care Kanjirathingal, Elsy Grand Canyon University NRS-437V Ethical Decision Making in HC (O102) 18-December-2010 Ethical dilemmas are becoming very common in today’s healthcare and often it extends beyond the boundaries of age, race, gender and ethnicity. Dilemma is not easily solved or it becomes more evident when no acceptable alternatives are found. Most of the times dilemma produces very painful or distressful situations to the people who are involved. Issues that we see in our community or we come across in our daily career are often magnified in the global community. The article “The dilemma of D-generation” from the Sunday mail describes the ethical dilemma of issues of identity of the growing children who are born from anonymous donors. Even though these children have fantastic relationship with their parents the question of identity, heritage and history remains as a tragedy. However, as nurses we should recognize the ethical issues and able to find the resolution that arises from these ethical dilemmas (Hansen, 2010). Event and Ethical Implications The dilemma of D-generation in the Sunday mail describes about the different identity issues of the children who are born from unknown fathers. The method of in vitro fertilization (IVF) became a blessing of many families who have weakened or no reproductive strength. The mystery of creating a new life in a women’s womb become more...
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...Often, society is incredibly critical of an individual being deemed NCR, and the repercussions of this. There is an outstanding amount of stigma in regards to the “type of person” who would be found NCR, as well as the idea that if an individual is found NCR, they are “getting away with” whatever crime they have committed, as they are not going to prison the same way that an individual who committed the same crime, but was not deemed NCR would. However, the reality is quite the contrary, and being sent to a psychiatric facility, as opposed to being sent to prison is not the same as an acquittal. “Many NCR individuals actually spend more time in a mental health hospital than they would have spent in jail if convicted of a crime. Furthermore,...
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...Applying Ethical Frameworks in Practice Grand Canyon University NRS-437V Ethical Decision Making in Health Care Practicing Ethical Framework Ethical framework plays an important role in the moral decision making process in health care to determining ethical dilemmas and solution to it. The protection of the patient’s confidentiality is the keystone of effective health care. However it is very important to have a balanced approach with the need to use this information with other contexts. Maintaining the confidentiality of the patient’s information is the responsibility of everyone involved in health care. Sometimes many groups have rightful reasons for seeking access to the patient data which includes law and enforcement agencies, medical professionals, policy makers, researchers etc. There are also certain situations where a health care provider has to breach the confidentiality for the best interest to save a young person or to avoid a serious harm. This paper explores the situations which are ok to break the confidentially with the help of the article “Bioethics on NBC’s ER: Betraying Trust of Providing Good Care? Ethical Implications of a Breach of Confidentiality All medical professionals are required to maintain the strict confidentiality of patient’s health care data. The Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 protect the security and privacy. Breach of confidentiality is unethical or illegal according to Hippocratic oath and American Medical...
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...Johnson BSHS/332 October 7, 2013 Bradley Leedy Workplace Ethical Dilemma This paper will present an argument of how the process of do not resuscitate (DNR) results in an ethical dilemma for workers in the healthcare field. In presenting the argument, this paper will also address the following three course learning objectives: 1) explain the legal rights of individuals as they interact with health care services, 2) analyze the monitoring systems that ensure human rights, legal aspects, and quality health care, and 3) analyze selected ethical and legal case studies that have promulgated precedent setting decisions. Even though the physician may believe CPR would be the appropriate decision, “many a deserving patient loses out on the opportunity for such treatment” as a result of an DNR order (Thomas, 2002, 412). Decisions about resuscitation have become a matter of concern and highly debatable issue because the legality of a patient’s right to request DNR. The order must be approved in advance by a written statements signed by a physician upon order of the patient or surrogate in cases which the patient cannot give consent. A DNR order must not confused with giving care, whereas, do not resuscitate does not mean do not give care. “It means a different kind of care that can best be achieved through end-of-life protocols and education” (Field, 2007, 294). The process causes ethical dilemmas for health care workers in several ways. For example, in cases which surrogates...
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...Running head: ETHICAL FRAMEWORKS Applying Ethical Frameworks in Practice NRS 437V September 01, 2012 Appling Ethical Frameworks in Practice A conclusive ethical foundation in the healthcare arena is confidentiality. It is referred to the standard of maintaining secure and private from others health care information revealed during a professional consultation. This is an essential legal right of every client and an ethical duty of the medical community (Bourke, 2008). Maintaining confidentiality between the client and healthcare professional translates to a trustworthy relationship, especially with adolescents. This paper will discuss implications to breach confidentiality, ethical principles, alternatives and ethical committee applications to an ethical dilemma. Implications of Breach of Confidentiality To promote trust between the patient and healthcare provider is a good reason to appreciate confidentiality in health management. To release information to a third party without consent of the patient is considered a breach of confidentiality and illegal. For example, adolescents are encouraged to participate in health care prevention. Many are depressed and even sexually active, but the challenge to provide access and receive adequate care is necessary. Confidentiality is the primary reason this juvenile group deter from health care prevention and management (English & Ford, 2007). A breach of confidentiality in juvenile health care has several...
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...Ethical Framework in Practice Nursing is an admirable, dignified career. Nurses respect the self-sufficiency and self-esteem of all their patients in every matter. Patients share their confidential information to the nurses, because they trust the nurse. Nurses care for the sick and needy population. Nurses take care of the patient’s deepest and painful needs in an intimate way compared to other disciplines in the health care team (Nazarko, 2009). Nurses frequently encounter ethical dilemmas and issues related to providing confidential information. This paper analysis is about the ethical recommendations on breach of privacy act between the nurses and the patient. Hippocratic Oath evidently explains about the importance of confidentiality in medical ethics. The oath is like this," That whatsoever I shall see or hear of the lives of my patients that are not fitting to be spoken, I will keep in confidence" (Hippocratic Oath, 2010). In Nightingale’s pledge for nursing, says that ‘‘I will hold in confidence of all personal matters in the practice of nursing” (Gretter, 1893). All nurses take Nightingale’s pledge at their graduation oath. Nurses are dedicated to provide better care for their patient based on their patient’s values and beliefs to maintain confidentiality. The provision of health care is comprehensive and people’s needs are often complex. Modern technology has made advanced changes in healthcare. With the many advances changes in health care a equivalent...
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...Law and Ethics in Health Care Laws and ethical principles are essential for protecting the mankind, and they play a crucial role in the practice of health care. Laws and ethics play a vital role in cases such as organ donation, human genetics, and HIV/AIDS and confidentiality. The health care issue I selected for discussion is HIV/AIDS. In the case of HIV/AIDS patients, there is always ethical conflict of protecting the confidentiality of patient and disclosing the information to others about the risks of the disease. Salient Ethical and Legal Concerns Associated with HIV/AIDS As described by Pozgar (2013) one of the legal issues is the association between blood transfusion and HIV. Law suits often arise when a person with AIDA claims that he or she contracted the disease due to the administration of contaminated blood (Pozgar, 2013). Lawsuits commonly arise when there is transfusion of mismatched blood, improper screening, and improper storage procedures (Pozgar, 2013). Since May 1985, all blood donated in the United States are screened for HIV antibodies and even then patient’s may claim that they contracted the disease due to transfusion. Another legal and ethical issue is whether to allow the AIDS infected surgeons to perform surgeries. Pozgar (2013) described that the transmission of the virus from an infected surgeon to a patient is unlikely, but there is still a possibility. There is an ethical dilemma whether to allow these surgeons to perform surgeries...
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...Ethical Frameworks in Practice Judith Navarrete Grand Canyon University NRS-437V Ethical Decision Barbara Trabelsi February 21, 2011 Ethical Frameworks in Practice For any relationship, whether it may be, personal or business, trust is the ultimate component of its success. In a nurse and patient relationship, trust is extremely crucial. An accurate assessment and history is obtained only if the patient is confident about the nurse’s integrity. This is absolutely essential in order for the patient to receive the appropriate medical attention and treatment. At the same time, the patient is entitled to a private and confidential encounter with the health care provider. Privacy refers to the right of the patient to control any personal information that is disclosed to others. The ethical principle of confidentiality demands nondisclosure of private information about another person with which one is entrusted (Burkhardt, M. A., & Nathaniel, A. K., 2008). It is up to each nurse, as a patient advocate, to protect the rights of a patient’s privacy. Any other medical personnel are on a “need to know” basis. This is necessary to avoid any breach of trust or confidentiality. Sometimes “Duties of confidentiality, may need to be modified in order to protect the patient, other innocent parties and in circumstances of mandatory disclosure for public health reasons” (American Nurses Association, 2001). Occasionally, ethical dilemmas can occur when particular information is necessary...
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...Nurses and other health care providers are constantly challenged to make ethical decisions about life and death issues in providing care to individuals, families and communities. To be relevant and ethical, these decisions need to be considered in the broader context of personal, societal, cultural and professional values and ethical principles (Fry & Johnstone, 2002). Tesfamicael GhebrehiwetThe nursing profession uses regulatory mechanisms, codes of ethics and other means to ensure ethical behavior. For example, The ICN Code of Ethics for Nurses asserts, “Inherent in nursing is respect for human rights, including the right to life, to dignity and to be treated with respect” (ICN, 2000, p. 2). To locate ethical issues within the context of nursing, it is vital to understand the International Council of Nurses (ICN) definition of nursing itself: “Nursing encompasses autonomous and collaborative care of individuals of all ages, families, groups and communities, sick or well and in all settings. Nursing includes the promotion of health, prevention of illness, and the care of ill, disabled, and dying people. Advocacy, promotion of a safe environment, research, participating in shaping health policy and in patient and health systems management, and education are also key nursing roles” (ICN, 2005). This definition incorporates the three components of bioethics as outlined by Fry and Johnstone (2002), including norms of nursing practice, expansion of knowledge, and advocacy...
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...What primary relationships do you see between legal and ethical issues faced by nurses in their practice? How would you explain these relationships to others? What would you say are at least two ethical dilemmas that are often faced by nurses in their daily practice? Explain how accountability and responsibility play a role when nurses face with these dilemmas. One of the most well known ethical dilemmas that nurses can face in their career is their patient's belief system. One example is the familiar dilemma of when a patient has a strong religious belief that interferes with sound evidence base medical practice. For example Jehovah Witnesses forbid blood transfusions under any circumstance. Even when it's the difference between life and death, the answer will always be no blood transfusion. Most knowledgeable and experience nurses will attempt to explain the necessity and benefits of the blood transfusions, but it's also understood that it's the nurse's job to support patient's rights. Nurses often face unique challenges because of the amount of time they actually spend with patients and their family. Nurses are typically the ones who actually witnesses the patient's or family's struggle to make crucial decisions. Most often nurses are engaged with the patient and their family more than any other healthcare provider. One key fact to recognize is nurses bring with them their personal values, which at times can be in direct conflict with what their patient wants...
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...Professional Moral Compass Ethics, a branch of philosophy refers to the values for human conduct, considering the rightness and wrongness of actions and motives. As nursing profession is an integral part of the health care environment, the nursing ethics provides the insight to the values and ethical principles governing nursing practice, conduct, and relationships. The Code of Ethics for Nurses, adopted by the American Nurses' Association (ANA) is intended to provide definite standards of practice and conduct that are essential to the ethical discharge of the nurse's responsibility (American Nurses Association, 2012). A nurse cultivates personal ethics through personal, cultural and spiritual values which becomes a moral compass for their professional ethics. Personal ethics in combination with the code of ethics often assist the nurses in personal and social decision making during ethical dilemma. This ability prompts them to better respond to needs of the suffering patient and their own well-being. This paper will discuss the personal, cultural, and spiritual values contributing to nurses’ individual worldview and philosophy of nursing and the moral and ethical dilemma being faced in this profession. Values Contributing to Individual’s Worldview and Philosophy of Nursing Born in a Christian middle class South Indian family, the strict traditional values helped to embed the concept of service, trust, respect, integrity and responsibility through family, friends, education...
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...to provide care for the sick, injured and dying, they are always working within the boundaries of their professional codes of ethics. The nursing code of ethics is more than laws and common etiquette, and upholding the code of ethics is understood and agreed upon by people in the nursing profession. The two kinds of ethical theories discussed most in nursing are consequentialist and nonconsequentialist theories. By examining these two theories, nurses are able to evaluate the principle of confidentiality and how to apply the principle within reasonable limits. Further understanding of these normative theories gives nurses the abilities to evaluate conflict avoidance and resolution. As nurses further navigate the world of ethics, they discover how the code of ethics is influenced by a person’s culture, and they acquire a solid foundation for current ethical decision-making models used in their industry. Ethics in Nursing Practice, Values and Decision Making Nurses who take care of patients are encouraged to do so with a certain level of politeness. Other than being polite, nurses are required to be skilled, and they must follow the laws which govern them in their field of practice. Between all of the skills, politeness and laws are a nurse’s professional code of ethics. The code of ethics is generally understood and agreed upon by people in health care, and upholding these guiding principles is crucial to the successful delivery of nursing care. To operate...
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