...Ethical Principals of Cancer Cell Research Brian Bocock PSY/305 March 9, 2015 Dr. Joycelynn Flowers-Ashton Ethical Principals of Cancer Cell Research October 4, 1951 has become one of the most memorable dates in the eyes of cancer cell researchers. On that date at Johns Hopkins hospital a destitute African-American woman named Henrietta Lacks passed away due to cervical cancer. Henrietta left behind her husband, David, and their four children. At only 31 years of age, this woman was going to be extremely influential in cancer research, and she had no idea. The worst part was neither did her family. Her cells were like no other cells ever seen and have provided for exceptional results for medical research since her passing, including the polio vaccine. However, the debate is over researchers taking her cells without her consent and made no immediate family members until 19 years later. Bringing this situation to the forefront of the implications and role ethics play in research today. Since the early 1970’s the story of Henrietta Lacks and her dominate cells has provided a great debate on a topic that will forever be in question, ethical principals. Dr. George Gey is the doctor that obtained the cells in order to find a cure for cancer. He was a great professional, I believe, that wanted nothing more than to find a cure for cancer, including profit. Because of this he wanted to keep Henrietta’s name private due to her passing and the understanding of a lawsuit by the...
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...Ethical Principles and Issues within Addiction Counseling Jennifer Spivey Liberty University Abstract Addiction counselors have many ethical and legal considerations in when providing services to substance abusers. There are ethical principles that including justice, autonomy, nonmaleficence, beneficence, and fidelity. Along with these principles there are federal and state regulations when providing services. As an addiction counselor there should be ethical guidelines to follow with informed consent, compensation, confidentiality, and collection and protection of data. Furthermore, addiction counselors must avoid coercion, provide alternative treatment options, protect vulnerable clients, and select representative participants for addictions research. The ultimate goal of addictions counseling is to benefit the clients and society as a whole. Keywords: ethical, principles, addiction, counselor Introduction There are many counselors that are faced with ethical issues on a regular basis. These issues are intensified for an addiction counselor. There are a number of reasons for ethical issues for addiction counselors. One is that there is a high correlation between addiction and criminal activity. There is also the concern that ethical issues such as informed consent can be complicated by problems arising out of substance abuse. The counselor’s ability to cope with these and other issues is dependent, to a large degree, on their ability to weigh up the inherent risks...
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...success of the program. Those factors were finding the right mentor, Aligning instructional-support efforts and Partnering with principals. The first factor is finding the right mentor. Barlin points out that first and for most a good mentor has to first be good and effective teacher. The problem is that many schools and distracts are not equip or have the proper structure to asses who is highly effective or strong in student outcome. In those schools that can the problem them becomes willingness to pull that teacher out of the classroom to mentor. Aligning instructional-support efforts is the next key factor in a successful program. Barlin makes a connection with aligning instructional support with that of a communal tree. Everyone want to water it, in hopes to see it thrive but if there is not proper coordination then the tree will drown. Here the new teacher is the tree and the those willing to help water the tree are the literacy and math coaches, university supervisors, data specialists, special education counselors, technology coordinators, different frameworks and policies. The mentor and distract frameworks are there to support and coordinate all that want to water the tree so that the tree does not drown. Lastly, a program needs to partner with the principal in order to work. Barlin points out in the article,, that the job of the principal is evolving and demanding, often at times coming without...
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...effective leaders as well as their behaviors. Principle 1. Leadership for change is most effective when carried out by a small group of educators with the principal functioning as a strong cohesive force. Principal plus a strong leadership team operate as key players and working with a dedicated group of classroom teachers because teachers must be involved in day-to-day decisions that affect their day-to-day lives (Marzano, R. J., 2003). For example in creating a guaranteed and viable curriculum, it is important that the principal assumes the role of visible head of this reform effort with the ability to mentor and guide direction for a leadership team and all teachers. Time is a factor that yields success when information is shared in a routine and timely manner. Even though obstacles may arise, the principal can offer adequate information in time for planning the curriculum teachers are responsible for, such as assessments and activities for higher order thinking from students. Effective leadership is present when teachers know the principal is time conscious of what improvements are needed in the months to come and shares this in a collegial manner. With artifacts from the school year such as student reports, test reports, and other forms of reflection on components of the educational program, the principal can be conceptual in sharing information and evidence, leading the team and teachers to relevant changes for improvement ahead of a...
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...15, 2014 For this discussion board post we are to discuss the topics of Agency Law and the different principals and ideas that go along with it. There are three types of principles that exist; they are disclosed, undisclosed, and partially disclosed principals. A disclosed principle refers to when there is a 3rd party involved. The person/people are not hidden by the company to the person or persons that they are working with. For example, Let’s say you have a bill and you have not paid it, the company that you had the bill will originally may turn your account over to another collection agency and they would in turn contact you and let you know that your account has been turned over to their company to collect the debt on behalf of the original company. When it comes to an undisclosed principle, it’s just that, not disclosed, no information is given on that agent. They still are working either on their own behalf or through a company and do not want their information public. For example, if I was under an undisclosed principle I would not go into a meeting and say, “I am here on behalf of Yellowstone National Park”. This information would not be given out. For a partially disclosed principle, at the time of the deal, the person may know that the other person he is dealing with is portraying themselves as an Agent but does not know who the main source or principal is. For example, if I am speaking on behalf of a national park and I am trying to build a new park, if the...
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...A Psychologist takes the client’s life and emotional welfare into their hands and they are supposed to adhere to the Ethical Principles and Code of Conduct; however, without Christ at the center of the healing process how can true healing really ever happen? Leviticus 19:14 say “You shall not curse the deaf nor place a stumbling block before the blind; you shall fear your God—I am your Lord”(Bible, KJV). Principle A: Beneficence and Nonmaleficence, strives to show psychologists to benefit those with whom they work and take care to do no harm. God tells us to do no harm just as the Ethical Principles and Code of Conduct do. In Jeremiah 22:3 it states: “Thus said the Lord; Perform justice and righteousness and rescue the robbed from the hand of the oppressor; and to a stranger, orphan, and widow, do not maltreat, do not cheat, and do not shed innocent blood in this place” (Bible, KJV). Principle C; Integrity tells us a lot. Psychologists need to be truthful and honest not to steal or cheat among other things. In Ephesians 6 God tells us that we need to take up the whole armor of God. Verse 14 specifically tells us we need to “Stand therefore, having your loins girt about with truth, and having on the breastplate of righteousness;” (Bible, KJV). Ephesians 6:18 tells us: “Praying always with all prayer and supplication in the Spirit, and watching thereunto with all perseverance and supplication for all saints;” (Bible, KJV). Exodus 20:13 says: “Thou shalt not steal” (Bible...
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...born in the religious house hold it was God first and then your parents. For those of us who grew up without knowing God it was our parents. Our first teacher and leader. We learned to function as a family unit when your parents instructed you to learn how to cook and clean. These actions allow for the parents to be freed to do other task. Performing these tasks showed us how to follow leadership and by performing these task lightened to load for our first leader – our parents. This is the same principal that applies now as adults. We learn to perform task at our jobs, this is to uplift the company and the reward for us is a pay check weekly, monthly, or biweekly. This should be the same attitude we present as Christians. If we believe that we are all one body in Christ we should be able to do anything we can to glorify Christ. Assisting our leadership is no different. If we believe that God has placed us in a church where there is leadership that follow God’s principals we should understand that anything that is asked of us as members comes straight from God and is utilized to edify the body of Christ. Sometimes we get stuck in our own way of thinking – the world’s way. But if we look at it in a biblical since we should understand that the things that we do for Christ will last. Cleaning the church, beautifying the church, are a couple things that bring God glory. The church leadership is unable to do it alone. We as members and leaders should always try and find...
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...(2002) noted, “One of the National Association of Elementary School Principals' six standards for what principals should know and be able to do calls on principals to put student and adult learning at the center of their leadership and to serve as the lead learner (2001)” (para. 17). If this premise is true, then it is safe to suggest that this situation is a learning opportunity for the entire community to understand who is in charge of the building. Alienating staff simply because of their experience within a particular building with complete disregard for their skill or knowledge level is destructive to morale and puts all the perceived power in the wrong hands. Of course Mr. Carroll might want to be conscious of Mrs. Douglas’s concerns, but that meeting should be centered around him telling her Mrs. Farmington is being appointed to run the Wordsmith competition. If the faculty decides who should do what and when and can keep others from participating at will, then the point of having a lead learner or leader in place at all becomes meaningless. Principal Carroll has to demonstrate his leadership by understanding he has to lead the entire school community and not just a select few. In every situation the right people with the right experience, attitude, and skill level have to be put into place so the school can thrive at maximum potential. The veteran teachers have to learn to be welcoming and Principal Carroll has to send the message that’s the expectation and his demand...
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...Tournaments and Piece Rates Revisited: A Theoretical and Experimental Study of Premium Incentives Werner Guth Rene Levnsky Kerstin Pully Ori Weiselz June 22, 2010 Abstract Tournaments represent an increasingly important component of organizational compensation systems. While prior research focused on xed-prize tournaments, i.e., on tournaments where the prize or prize sum to be awarded is set in advance, we introduce a new type of tournament into the literature: premium incentives. While premium incentives, just like xed-prize tournaments, are based on relative performance, the prize to be awarded is not set in advance but is a function of the rm's success: the prize is high if the rm is successful and low if it is not successful. Relying on a simple model of cost minimization, we are able to show that premium incentives outperform xed-prize tournaments as well as piece rates. Our theoretical result is qualitatively con rmed by a controlled laboratory experiment and has important practical implications for the design of organizational incentive systems. JEL Classi cation: C72, C91, J33 Keywords: Tournaments, Incentives, Economic experiments Max Planck Institute for Economics, Kahlaische Strasse 10, 07745 Jena, Germany. yEberhard Karls Universitat Tubingen, Faculty of Economics and Business Administration, Nauklerstrasse 47, 72074 Tubingen, Germany. zThe Hebrew University, Center for the Study of Rationality, Giv'at Ram, Jerusalem 91904, Israel...
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...1 Introduction Here you can write the assignment. You can also present yourselves. If there are certain remarks to make you can put them here. 2 Structure of the report Here you describe the structure of the report. Also you can explain the way of working, the approach to deal with the assignment and you're research. By describing this all coming chapters are not falling out of the air. 3 Research on RIA's? Here you present your research undertaken on the internet. If you want to put additional information in some appendices that's fine. Again: It is important if you state your ideas or findings to give some "evidence" by referring to internet or pages in a book (do not forget to mention the book). 3.1 Definition of a RIA 3.2 Technologies in the 3.3 Our choices 4 Site objectives What do we want to reach with this application (or website); What do we want to support and why? Where are the opportunities to persue? It is important to make clear what the investor wants to achieve with the site (or application). End this chapter with a summarization (requirements) and draw conclusions. 5 Environment analysis Which sites (applications) did you investigate (and why these?). What did we investigate? What were the examples or parts we liked (give proof to us)? What were the examples or parts we did not like? End this chapter with a summarization (requirements) and draw conclusions. You can give proof of statements you make...
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..."Real leaders concentrate on doing the right thing, not on doing things right." As defined by Rushworth Kidder (1995), an "ethical dilemma" is not a choice between right and wrong, but a choice between two rights. For example, considering a bribe would be a "moral temptation"; deciding whether scarce resources should go to a gifted curriculum or a dropout-prevention program would constitute a dilemma. Dilemmas arise when cherished values conflict. A principal who values both teacher autonomy and student achievement will face a dilemma when teachers want to enact a policy that lowers expectations. This kind of conflict is heightened because school leaders are public officials with obligations to many people who often have competing values or interests.Leaders' moral duty expresses itself not only in the obvious day-to-day ethical dilemmas, but in the mundane policies and structures that may have hidden ethical implications. Robert Starratt (1991) notes that every social arrangement benefits some people at the expense of others; simply to assume that schools embody desirable standards is "ethically naive, if not culpable." Thus, the principal must not only behave responsibly as an individual, but must create an ethical institution. As leaders, principals have a special responsibility to exercise authority in an ethical way. Greenfield points out that much of a principal's authority is moral; that is, teachers must be convinced that the principal's point of view reflects values...
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...Lincoln on Leadership Lincoln on Leadership I start this project on Lincoln’s leadership very reluctantly. I am a history buff and have always viewed his leadership through the eyes of jaded historians. They have portrayed him as a dictator, incompetent, and a buffoon at some points. After reading the Donald T. Phillips book Lincoln on Leadership, my mindset was totally changed. This book broke down four key areas that produced an effective leader in Lincoln. These areas are character, people, endeavor, and communication. I will be sharing a principal from each key area that I found important and then conclude with an overall thought. The first key area in Lincoln’s Leadership was his interaction with people. Historians have often scoffed at the idea that he was hardly in the White House and it was true but they did not understand why. Phillips discusses Lincoln’s open door policy and his philosophy of “roving leadership” in that he was constantly leaving his office. D. Phillips (1992) tells us one of the reasons why he did this with, “All leaders must seek and require access to reliable and up-to-date information” (pg 21). Leaders need to leave their office to truly understand what is going on in their organization. Lincoln knew this well and this is why he was always out getting information from military leaders, constituents, staff, and sometimes even opponents. The second reason for this idea of “roving leadership” should be adopted by most leaders of today including...
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...Ethical Leadership: the Call of the Times The recent global economic crisis and the various political changes that challenged existing governments show the need to change our concept of leadership. Leadership challenges in the present times are reflective of the ever changing needs of our society. Leaders must be able to respond and address the needs of its constituents. Our society is ever changing and the people’s consciousness is also changing. And we continually face these challenges in our work place as well. Ethical leadership seeks to address the gap in the current leadership context. What is Ethical Leadership? Ethical signifies it is based on some moral ethics. What would be the basis of this ethics? There has to be some form of standard or expected outcome from the type of leadership. According to Freeman and Stewart, many executives and business thinkers believe that it is a matter of leaders having good character and the right values. Brown and Trevino define ethical leadership as “the demonstration of normatively appropriate conduct through personal actions and interpersonal relationships, and the promotion of such conduct to followers through two-way communication, reinforcement, and decision-making” (Brown et al., 2005: 120). Another definition is that ethical leadership is a stewardship that preserves the aspirations and culture of the organization. Whatever the definition is, this type of leadership gives emphasis to the impact of the type of leadership...
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...Option 2: EthicsGame Dilemmas ETH/316 Option 2: EthicsGame Dilemmas Introduction The project that was presented included the application of personal values in working through two different ethical dilemmas. In order to work through each of the dilemmas two analytical skill sets were used to come to a resolution. The first skill set involved the use of the four ethical lenses. The lenses include the Results Lens, Rights/Responsibility Lens, Relationship Lens, and Reputation Lens. The second skill involves the use of the Baird Decision Model which is a five-step process that gives a systematic approach to the resolution of an ethical dilemma. The five steps of the Baird Decision Model include: * Step 1: Be Attentive * Step 2: Be Intelligent * Step 3: Be Reasonable * Step 4: Be Responsible * Step 5: Be Reflective The combination of the ethical lenses with the decision model provides the groundwork to come up with, good value based, solutions to ethical conflict (Rian Brown, 2014). Mysterious Blogger The first ethical conflict that was presented was that of the “Mysterious Blogger.” In this simulation the Director of Information Technology, who is responsible for managing all internal information system functions which include systems programming, application programming, networks, and computer operations, is presented with an employee who is leaking the proprietary company information to the public through a blog sight as an anonymous...
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...with a company’s mission statement and policies of conduct that gives employees, partners, venders, and outsiders an understanding of what the company stands for and believes in (Boylan, 2009). It should address the differences or variations in both company’s industry and its broader goals for social responsibility (How to create a company code of ethics, 2012). It should be strong enough to serve as a guide for employees with questions to resolve issues on their own if needed (Trevino & Nelson, 2007). Wal-Mart is one of the largest corporations in the United States. As one of the largest corporations the company has a social responsibility to their employees, customers, and the community. The code of ethics works with and around these principals. Wal-Mart has three basic principles, 1) respect for the individual, 2) service to the customer, and 3) striving for excellence (What is Wal-Mart’s Code of ethics, 2011). The following is an example of what a code of ethics could be and what values a business may have. Vision Statement: People are assets not possessions; employees, customers, and communities should be treated with fairness, respect, honesty and integrity. The corporation’s global vision is to build and cultivate a global value of people and community (Macy’s, Inc. Code of conduct and ethics, 2012). The corporation also believes in the value of community and research (Boylan, 2009). The company is committed to making available to all employees the opportunity to donate...
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