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Origins of Psychology and Research Methods Worksheet

Part I: Origins of Psychology

Within the discipline of psychology, there are several perspectives used to describe, predict, and explain human behavior. The seven major perspectives in modern psychology are psychoanalytic, behaviorist, humanist, cognitive, neuroscientific/biopsychological, evolutionary, and sociocultural. Describe the seven major psychological perspectives using two to three sentences each. Select one major figure associated with one of the seven major perspectives and describes his or her work in two to three sentences. Type your response in the space below.

Psychoanalytic- States that people are said to have sexual and aggressive drives. People’s behaviors are ruled by irrational forces and the unconscious, as well as instinctual and biological forces. It is believed people have no free will.
Sigmund Freud made his own theory in the 1890’s. Freud theory was that a hysterical patient could have these problems due to a painful childhood experience that they cannot remember. This theory states that there is influence of lost memories that shape our feeling, thoughts and behavior.
Behaviorist- Emphasizes objective, observable environmental influences on overt behavior.
B.F. Skinner research states that when you give a person positive reinforcement for a correct chose they will go out of their way to make the correct choice for that positive reinforcement. Also works the other way. When a person chooses a negative choice and you give them a negative reinforcement they will go out of their way to avoid the wrong choice to avoid the negative reinforcement.
Humanist- In the 1950s a new approach emerged, which stressed free will, which was a voluntarily chosen behavior, and self-actualization, which is a state of self-fulfillment.
Carl Rogers was one of the founders of the humanistic

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