...Abstract In 1975, a transistor company that I named Transistor Corp. who was contracted to distribute transistors to pacemaker company by the of Pacemaker Inc. encountered a dilemma on whether or not to stop distributing transistors to Pacemaker Inc. to avoid future lawsuits. There have been numerous cases where doctors are inadequately performing the pacemaker surgery on individuals; in addition, the pacemaker technology was not as extensive. Since the pacemaker was at an early stage of development, Pacemaker Inc. and various doctors were facing numerous lawsuits. Transistor Corp. began to worry about future lawsuits because to their association with the making of the pacemaker. The board of directors felt pressure to make a decision on whether or not to this discontinue the production in order to protect the shareholders. Transistor Corp. had become the sole supplier of transistors since all their competitors have decided to cease production for that same reason. Pacemaker Inc. relied on the Transistor Corp. in order make the pacemaker; therefore, the possibility of shutting down would a great impact on Pacemaker Inc. and all the people that rely on the pacemaker to survive. In the end, the board of directors felt it would immoral to discontinue the production of the transistor and they even made it more efficient. Keywords: utility test, moral dilemma, greater good After examining the case of the sole remaining supplier corporation’s story, utilitarian...
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...APPROACHES SOCIO EHTICAL APPROACH This approach hold that industrial relation beside having a socio logical base dose have some ethical responsibility good ir can be only maintained and both labour and management realize their responsibilities in contributing to the given task through mutual cooperation and understanding ech othr problem dis approach ethicl presr n parties for maintnc of goods ir through peaceful setlmnt of disputes Gandhian approach: His views on ir are based on his fundamntl princpl truth and non violence acc to him disputes cn b resolv by following 1. worker should awoid strikes as far as possibl in industries 2. they should awoid formation of union in welfr org if they hav to organize strike trade union should seek authority frm all workers to do so by remaining peaceful as use non violnt method Basic element in dis is the emphasis on peaceful setlment of ind. Disputes System approach: This approach is quiet helpfl in studying the ir in the sence that it focuses on participant in the process environmntl sourcs and the output. Basic elemnt : 1 participnt in the systm 2 environmnt 3 step of ideas belief Psychological approach According to psychologists, problems of industrial relations have their origin in the perceptions of the management, unions and rank and file workers. These perceptions may be the perceptions of persons, of situations or of issues involved in the conflict. The perceptions of situations and issues differ...
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...We will be discussing business ethics and social responsibility in our presentation today, and relating these theories specifically to the News of the World phone hacking scandal that broke in 2007. This scandal involved journalists and editors of the publication, News of the World illegally hacking into people's phones in order to access information that would not have been available to them otherwise. Though exact numbers are not known, lists of phones were confiscated listing thousands of mobile numbers, including the numbers of members of the royal family, some celebrities and the families of soldiers, terror and murder victims (BBC News UK, 2013). The scandal was further complicated when members of the London Metropolitan police engaged in behaviour that covered up or misrepresented the legality of the actions undertaken by the paper (BBC News UK, 2013). So to start, what are business ethics and social responsibility? Ethics are not easy to define. They represent a social contract between individuals of a given community, and define what a person ought, and conversely ought not, to do, (Andre & Velasques 1987). However, ethics are not defined by individuals, but rather represent the values of the largest majority. This means that the things an individual values may not be congruent with acting ethically as is defined by the community. This conflict is representative of an ethical dilema. This occurs when an individuals values contradict the behaviour that the code of ethics...
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...Name: Institution: Course: Date: Introduction Since there are many definitions of management accounting, this paper will stick with the definition formulated according to the American Accounting Association. It defines accounting as a process of providing both financial and non-financial to decision makers. The varying nature of business characteristics implies that also techniques used in managerial accounting for each business differ as the business grows. During start up the business rely on capital investment and budgeting techniques. A mature business relies upon quality control and cost management. Techniques used ultimately assist the business to achieve its long-term and short-term aims via efficient decision-making. The objective of this paper is to study each concept available in the accounting definition and provide a framework needed for deep understanding of aspects and issues involved in the process of accounting. The paper will have two part. The first part will look at the first aspect that is to define managerial accounting and look at its role, techniques and ethical issues facing managerial accountant. We will also highlight the role of a managerial accountant. In the second part, three topics will be covered. The three topics are; cost investment techniques, budgeting, and quality control. In the selected topics, real-world cases will be presented in relation to how they relate to managerial accounting techniques. Managerial accounting is defined as process...
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...CORPORATE ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT Unit 46 Assignment Table of Contents Introduction............................................................................................................................ 2 I. The development of global, European and national policies relating to sustainability. 2 1. Changing attitudes of public, politicians and businesses to the environment since 1945 .................................................................................................................................... 2 2. Brundtland definition of ‘sustainable development’ .................................................. 4 3. The international and UK policies to sustainable development since Earth Summit of 1992 ................................................................................................................................ 4 4. Triple bottom line........................................................................................................ 5 II. The commercial case for considering social and environmental matters in business management .......................................................................................................................... 6 1. 2. 3. Stakeholders and how they impact on business policies ........................................... 6 Is adopting CSR policies cost-saving? .......................................................................... 7 Primark Ethical Trading ................................
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...Marketing Management, Millenium Edition Philip Kotler Custom Edition for University of Phoenix Excerpts taken from: A Framework for Marketing Management, by Philip Kotler Copyright © 2001by Prentice-Hall, Inc. A Pearson Education Company Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 Marketing Management Millenium Edition, Tenth Edition, by Philip Kotler Copyright © 2000 by Prentice-Hall, Inc. All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced, in any form or by any means, without permission in writing from the publisher. Compilation Copyright © 2002 by Pearson Custom Publishing. This copyright covers material written expressly for this volume by the editor/s as well as the compilation itself. It does not cover the individual selections herein that first appeared elsewhere. Permission to reprint these has been obtained by Pearson Custom Publishing for this edition only. Further reproduction by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and recording, or by any information storage or retrieval system, must be arranged with the individual copyright holders noted. This special edition published in cooperation with Pearson Custom Publishing Printed in the United States of America 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Please visit our web site at www.pearsoncustom.com ISBN 0–536–63099-2 BA 993095 PEARSON CUSTOM PUBLISHING 75 Arlington Street, Suite 300, Boston, MA 02116 A Pearson Education Company SECTION ONE Understanding Marketing Management Marketing in...
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