...adfh JIS S e c 3 (1 ) 2 0 0 7 Journal of Inform ation System Security w w w.jissec.o rg Ethics and Morality - a business opportunity for the Amoral? Ian O. Angell Professor of Information Systems Information Systems Department London School of Economics and Political Science London, United Kingdom Preamble It is common for speakers at computer security conferences to tell audiences that 'they should do' this, and 'should do' that. The word 'should' is regularly thrown about as some jumbled-up mixture of efficiency and ethics, without any justification of the imperative. This paper will concentrate on the ethical issues, and so it will quickly dispose of 'efficiency,' leaving detailed argument for another time. Then, taking the devil's advocate position, it will focus on demolishing the certainty behind the ethical obligation, by questioning the role of ethics in society in general, but specifically in computer security. Indeed this paper will claim that an unsuspected morality and ritual lies behind many real-world security choices and much so-called 'objective' academic analysis. Furthermore, it will propose that such moralistic positions are highly problematic, and that all recommendations phrased in terms of virtue rather than pragmatism be treated as highly suspect. This polemical paper formed the basis of a keynote address given at the 5th Computer Security Conference, held in Las Vegas on the 20th-21st April 2006. 4 Angell, JISSec ...
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...Ethics and corporate Responsibility in the Workplace and the World Mary May Professor Christina Williams Ethic, Law and Compliace August 25, 2014 Ethics and Corporate Responsibility In the Workplace and World Key Characteristics of Stakeholders A stakeholder is a person, group, or an organization that has an interest or concern in an organization or a company. A person who is directly or indirectly affected by the functioning of a company is a stakeholder. Stakeholders are directors, employees, creditors, government and its agencies, shareholders, owners, unions, suppliers, and the community from which the business draws its resources. Stakeholders can be affected by the organization’s objectives, policies and actions. A company’s customers are entitled to fair trading policies; they are not entitled to the same consideration as the company employees. Key characteristics of stakeholders include knowledge of the business or policy, interest related to the policy or business, position for or against the business policy, and potential alliance with other stakeholders, and the ability to affect the policy process (through power and/or leadership). The stakeholders in the PharmaCARE scenario are the healers in the African nation of Colberia, PharmaCARE’s executives, and Colberians who work in the manufacturing company. Human Rights Issues by PharmaCARE Human rights are rights inherent to all human beings, whatever our nationality, place...
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...Ethics and Corporate Responsibility in the Workplace and the World Mohammad Hawari Dr. Andrea Brvenik Strayer University Aug.18th.2014 Introduction PharmaCare is a national pharmacy management, staffing, and consulting company , PharmaCare is caring of producing drugs and improve of quality of life . The company offers free and discounted drugs to low-income consumers, has a foundation that sponsors healthcare educational programs and scholarships, PharmaCare located in San Antonio, With a corporate-based professional staff consisting of Clinical and Licensed Pharmacists, Certified Pharmacy Technicians and Pharmacy We could define Stakeholder meaning and principle by stakeholder theory which is saying that organizations are collections of several different parties, each with its own goals and objectives. While the goals of some parties may be in competition with the others, each party has an interest in the organization succeeding. The key to the organization’s success depends on bringing these disparate objectives and parties together to create the maximum benefit for all involved. Stakeholders included an organization’s managers and its stockholders. From a perspective of “who benefits or who is affected by the organization?” stakeholders also included suppliers who benefitted from their sales to the organization, workers who valued their jobs and customers who bought whatever services or product the organization delivered. Other stakeholders included the government...
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...Ethics and Corporate Responsibility in the Workplace and the World A Case Study of PharmaCARE Institution: Strayer University The stakeholders in this scenario include 1. The company, namely PharmaCARE which has a subsidiary known as CompCARE in Colberia. 2. WellCo which is the company that has purchased CompCARE 3. The employees of CompCARE 4. The indigenous population of Colberia 5. The government and regulatory agencies of Colberia. Analyzing the ethics of PharmaCARE’s treatment of the Colberia’s indigenous population and its rank-and-file workers versus that of its executives. We define business ethics as the principles and values that define acceptable conduct for business institutions. Acceptability of corporate behavior will be determine by workers, customers, competitors, government and regulatory agencies, special interest groups, and the community (Andersen, 2004). Several firms have faced legal suits due to the manner in which they have treated the public, workers, consumers, and the environment during their business activities. For instance, the competition bureau of Canada found Azko Nobel Chemicals BV guilty and they were charged in the federal court of Canada on August 18, 2003. The company had taken part in a conspiracy to fix market prices for a crucial food additive that was an essential ingredient for an important animal feed and a chemical use that was in several commercial and consumer products. The company was fined $2.9 million by the...
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...Ethics and Corporate Responsibility in the Workplace and the World Ethics and Corporate Responsibility in the Workplace and the World In recent 0years, most companies are striving to become a benefit corporation (B-corporation). This legal form of corporation is to provide legal protection to management that want to both maximize shareholder income and pursue a social or environmental agenda (Andre, 2012). This paradigm shift is due to consumer’s awareness, global warming and globalization in the business world. All global companies have developed ethical, environmental and sustainability policies for their employees, suppliers, contractors and other stakeholders to follow. This paper will examine PharmaCare’s ethical and social responsibility around its operations, products, and obligation to stakeholders. PharmaCare, a renowned fortune 500 pharmaceutical company listed on the NASDAQ is one of the companies that have all these initiatives in place. It is considered one of the most ethical and social responsible companies in the world due to many initiatives it takes to commit to its responsibility to protect the environment and enhance the quality of life for millions around the world. The stakeholders in PharmaCare’s global operation are employee, suppliers, shareholders, government, communities, consumers, physicians, healthcare facilities, and the African nation of Colberia. PharmaCare has a legal obligation to all of these stakeholders. Below are some of the reasons...
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...Ethics and Corporate Responsibility in the Workplace and the World Law, Ethics, and Corporate Governance Professor Andrea Brvenik August 16, 2014 Stakeholders & PharmaCARE Stakeholders take on many forms and guises depending on the context of the business. Experts write personal definitions and musings on what they feel a stakeholder is, while others disagree and have their own, sometimes conflicting personal findings. It has been my experience that the terms ‘stakeholder’ and ‘stock/shareholder’ are often used as synonyms, but there is are important distinctions that must be made. According to Investopedia, a website dedicated to investing education, a shareholder is: “Any person, company or other institution that owns at least one share of a company’s stock. Shareholders are a company's owners. They have the potential to profit if the company does well, but that comes with the potential to lose if the company does poorly. A shareholder may also be referred to as a "stockholder" (Shareholder, 2014). For the purposes of this research paper, I will attempt to convey my understanding of a stakeholder through the lens of Gary Heerkens’ book, “Project Management”. Though the definitions vary, there are several ‘tenants’ that comprise the meaning of a stakeholder. Any of the following may make an individual a stakeholder: • Stands to gain or lose through the success or failure of the project • Provides funding for the project • Has invested resources...
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...PharmaCARE: Ethics and Corporate Responsibility in the Workplace and the World PharmaCARE: Ethics and Corporate Responsibility in the Workplace and the World In any type of business or organization there are ethical issues, conflicts, and successes revolving around relationships. It is those relationships considered one of the key areas of making the business function. The relationships between customers, the employees, managers, supervisors, shareholders, investors and suppliers all shape the course of the business in order for it to be successful. In addition, an organization usually has a governing authority; called a board of directors, which provides oversight and guidance to make sure that the organization keeps focused on objectives in a legal, ethical and socially acceptable manner. Often unethical acts are discovered in organizations; therefore, relationships are not only associated with organizational success but also with organizational misconduct. ("An overview of," 2006) As in the case with PharmaCARE, there were multiple unethical issues due to bad decision making within the company; decisions that affected employees, business partners, and customers. As a result, its stock price plummeted. Stakeholders are those who may be affected by or have an effect on an effort. Most ethical issues exist because of conflicts in values and belief patterns about right and wrong between and within stakeholder groups. There are three types of stakeholders: * Primary stakeholders...
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...Ethics and Corporate Responsibility in the Workplace and the World Introduction PharmaCARE (We CARE about YOUR health®) is one of the world’s most successful pharmaceutical companies, enjoying a reputation as a caring, ethical and well-run company that produces high-quality products that save millions of lives and enhance the quality of life for millions of others. The company offers free and discounted drugs to low-income consumers, has a foundation that sponsors healthcare educational programs and scholarships, and its CEO serves on the PhRMA board. PharmaCARE recently launched a new initiative, We CARE about YOUR world, pledging its commitment to the environment through recycling, packaging changes and other green initiatives, despite the fact that the company’s lobbying efforts and PAC have successfully defeated environmental laws and regulations, including extension of the Superfund tax, which was created by Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA). Based in New Jersey, PharmaCARE maintains a large manufacturing facility in the African nation of Colberia, where the company has found several “healers” eager to freely share information about indigenous cures and an abundance of Colberians willing to work for $1.00 a day, harvesting plants by walking five (5) miles into and out of the jungle carrying baskets that, when full, weigh up to fifty (50) pounds. Due to the low standard of living in Colberia, much of the population...
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...Key Stakeholders Depending on the company or marketing being considered, a stakeholder can have many different characteristics. Generally, a stakeholder is a person, group or organization that has interest or concern in an organization. Some of the characteristics that might be common to all stakeholders is they stand to gain or lose through the success or failure of the company; they are affected by the output of the company; or the company may be otherwise accountable to this stakeholder. PharmaCARE has several stakeholders that will continue to watch their progress in Colberia. The primary stakeholders are its shareholders/stockholders who will always seek a return on their investment (ROI). Every decision PharmaCARE makes will either increase or decrease RIO; this can be in the long-term or the short-term. PharmaCare additionally need to be concerned with opinions from members of Capitol Hill. Since they have a strong lobby, members of the Hill will be very interested any progress, or lack of progress that PharmaCARE makes regarding the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA). Communities and the indigenous works within Colberia are also stakeholders of PharmaCARE; success or failure could be the difference between prosperity or poverty for Colberia. This is also true of PharmaCare’s regular employees and management; success or failure could mean loss wages, or bonuses. Human Rights Issues One of the areas that PharmaCARE should...
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...Assignment 2: Ethics and Corporate Responsibility in the workplace and the World. LEG. 500: Law, Ehics & Corp. Governance Amy Gray Professor Weekly November 24, 2013 All Stakeholders in this scenario are PharmaCARE, CompCARE, WEllCO, Donna, Tom, Ayesha, Allen and Consumers. PharmaCARE is one of the world’s leading pharmaceutical companies. They specialize in servicing low income consumers who with high quality products. PharmaCARE is based out of New Jersey with a manufacturing plant in Africa. CompCARE is the subsidiary company that PharmaCARE used to act as a pharmacy. CompCare benefited from the great reputation that PharmaCARE had as a successful pharmaceutical company. WellCO was a large drugstore chain that purchased CompCARe and began to see the effects of the bad business decisions that PharmaCAre made. Donna was a PharmaCare employee whom had perfect attendance prior to becoming ill due the condition of the manufacturing plant. Tom was one of the supervisors of the plan whom threatened going to OSHA about the issues of the lab and condition of the workplace. Ayesha was an employee of PharmaCare whom had issues with being promoted to a supervisor. She filed an EEOC complaint related to religious discrimination. Allen was the manager of the plant and responsible for the condition of the plant. Allen chose to fire Donna, Tom & Ayesha to keep is potential bonus. Analyze the ethics of PharmaCARE’s treatment of the Colberia’s indigenous population...
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...Assignment #2: Ethics and Corporate Responsibility in the Workplace and the World This paper will explore the common issues of what a lot of companies face when dealing with employee relations and factors in the reality of some companies that go to the extreme into violating laws to hide illegal practices. These are not isolated cases; these bad practices are more common than we think they are. It really takes a good solid manager to successfully and positively deal with the issues in side with what is right for the company considering both factors: the stakeholders and the employees involved in the issue. Stakeholders are those who can affect or be affected by the organization’s actions, objectives and or policies. Actions can be either negative or positive. Stakeholders can be employees, directors, customers, owners, suppliers etc. The stakeholders for this scenario with PharmaCARE are the employees, the company, the Colberian government and the company’s customers. First off, PharmaCARE is one of the world’s most successful pharmaceutical companies, enjoying a reputation as a caring, ethical and well-run company that produces high-quality products that has saved millions of lives and enhanced the quality of life of others. This company also offers discounted and free drugs to low income consumers. PharmaCARE’s ethics can be truly questioned due to its many wrong doings that have gone against to they’re established ethical values. To start off, this company maintains a...
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...Ethics and Corporate Responsibility in the Workplace and the World Wanda T. Diggs Professor William Stone Law, Ethics and Corporate Governance – LEG-500 March 4, 2014 Abstract Pharmaceutical companies are trusted to provide drugs that are fit for human use. Consumers rely on these drugs for their wellbeing. Drug costs are prohibitive for many in the United States and consumers want to be assured that the drugs they are prescribed accomplish their intended purposes. When pharmaceutical companies operate unethically and circumvent the law, public health is at risk. It has become imperative that the government enforce the regulations that are in place and modify weak legislation to protect the public. PharmaCARE is a successful pharmaceutical company with a reputation of being socially responsible. PharmaCARE developed its brand by offering free and discounted drugs to low-income consumers and sponsoring healthcare educational programs. The company also launched community-based initiatives that focus on health care education and environmental concerns. While PharmaCARE enjoyed the fruits of its good reputation, the company’s moral fabric was unraveling into threads of greed, deceit and criminal behavior. PharmaCARE executives are a despicable bunch driven by greed as they go about their responsibilities of earning company profit. The company intends to make as much money as possible using minimal resources – even if that means ignoring their responsibility...
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...Teamwork and Motivation Frankie Rios Strayer University Dr. Laura Poluka BUS 520 Leadership and Organizational Behavior February 24, 2014 The small company manufacturing the WooWoo product has been engulfed in manufacturing issues such as high defects which are increasing costs and delaying delivery. It has been decided that an organizational motivation plan is key to resolving these issues. The following motivation plans strategy is to encourage high job satisfaction, low turnover, high productivity and high-quality work. According to Schermerhorn J., Osborn R., Hunt J. & Uhl-Bien M. (2012), motivation are “forces within the individual that account for the level and persistence of an effort expended at work”. First and foremost, the goals and strategy of the company need to be aligned to tasks for the managers and staff. The tasks will be broken into subtasks and assigned to the departments. A virtual group will be established to brainstorm and tackle the problem of defects. The job characteristics model will be utilized to improve job satisfaction which in turn will minimize the turnover of employees. Increase in productivity and high-quality work will be emphasized through an implementation of a merit and feedback system. One brainstorm session will be comprised of managers. This session will have two deliverables, what motivates their employees and how can we minimize the current defect rate of our product. The second brainstorm session will be comprised of staff...
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...LEG500 Assignment 3 - Ethics and Corporate Responsibility in the Workplace and the World Introduction It is the responsibility of companies today to promote responsible business practices at every level of the company. Business should be conducted ethically and honestly. Companies should also foster environments that promote ethical conduct and comply with all requirements of the law that they fall under. This paper will examine the ethical practices of Pharmacies. Stakeholders will be identified, and several scenarios will be evaluated and critiqued. Who are the stakeholders of the Pharmacies co? What are their key characteristics? The stakeholders in this scenario include Pharmacies, a successful pharmaceutical company, Comp CARE, a subsidiary of Pharmacies, Well co, a large drugstore chain, the employees of the various companies, the African nation of Colberia and the Colberians. All of these stakeholders have a stake in the outcome. Stakeholders include people living with disease or illness, scientific and clinical experts representing Better Pharmacare Coalition member organizations. ” BC Pharmacies, together with these and other stakeholders as required, should define the process of decision-making from beginning to end” (http://www.betterpharmacare.org/about-corevalues.cfm). Pharmacies stakeholders include patients and patient groups, community and hospital pharmacists, physicians, the College of Pharmacists of B.C., the College of Physicians and Surgeons of B...
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...Assignment 3 Ethics and Corporate Responsibility in the Workplace and the World By Grace Robinson Legal 500 Law Ethics & Corporate Governance Professor Dr. Michael T. Hanners 2/22/15 Introduction PharmaCARE is a very successful pharmaceutical company; based in New Jersey. It is known for having a caring reputation, and being an ethical and well-run company that produces life-saving; high-quality products. The company is known for caring because the business offers free and discounted drugs to low-income consumers, has a foundation that sponsors healthcare educational programs and scholarships, and its CEO serves on the PhRMA board. Recently, PharmaCARE launched a new initiative; We CARE about YOUR world®. This action pledged its commitment to the environment through recycling, packaging changes, and other green initiatives. However, the company’s lobbying efforts and Political Action Committee (PAC) have successfully defeated environmental laws and regulations. They now maintain a large manufacturing facility in the African nation of Colberia. In Colberia, the company benefits from the free information on alternative methods of healing. PharmaCare repays the natives by offering the Colberians jobs that pay $1 a day. The duties consist of harvesting plants by walking five miles into and out of the jungle carrying baskets that can weigh up to fifty pounds. After working a long hard day for $1, these same workers return to their primitive huts with no electricity or...
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