...| A Review of the Literature: Plea Bargaining and Ethics in the Criminal Justice System | | | Plea bargaining is a significant portion of today’s criminal justice system. As Chief Justice Burger stated, “The disposition of criminal charges by agreement between the prosecutor and the accused, sometimes loosely called ‘plea bargaining,’ is an essential component of the administration of justice. Properly administered, it is to be encouraged” (Santobello v. New York, 1971). The practice of plea bargaining has generated thoughtful ethical debate with effective arguments on both sides. Prior to offering an opinion, an understanding and comparison of the points of view regarding its use along with the purpose, types, and effects of plea bargaining must take place. A plea bargain is a criminal case pact wherein one side offers sentence prearrangement to the other in return for a guilty plea (Bikel, 2004). This permits those who have been suspected of serious criminal acts the opportunity to considerably lessen the charges and escape a more severe penalty. The prosecuting attorney will usually bargain this, or the initial charge will endure with a recommendation for a lighter punishment. With these forms of inducements, the courts save time and money swiftly and efficiently (Feješ, 2012). A plea bargain can be introduced by either the prosecuting or defense counsel with both sides negotiating throughout the process. This practice can be swift or entail...
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...Ethics in Criminal Justice Administration Analysis Perla M. Flores CJA/484 Criminal Justice Administration Capstone March 10, 2014 Fran Hart Ethics in Criminal Justice Administration Analysis Ethics in criminal justice administration is a very important aspect because professionals within the criminal justice system make important decisions every day that involves critical thinking, and the choices they make will have an impact in society; therefore, it is important that these professionals be unbiased to everyone they come in contact with. This paper will analyze the relationship between ethics and professional behavior in the administration of criminal justice. It will also explain the role of critical as well as a seminar proposal on ethics that will include five areas of ethical conduct. The reader will be informed why these areas were chosen and what the benefits of this training will do for the officers and the community. Ethics and Professional Behavior in the Administration of Criminal Justice “Ethics, also known as moral philosophy, is a branch of philosophy concerned with the study of questions of right and wrong and how we ought to live. Ethics involves making moral judgments about what is right or wrong, good or bad. Right and wrong are qualities or moral judgments we assign to actions and conduct” (Singer, 1995). Furthermore, the criminal justice agencies have code of ethics to follow in every organization...
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...A Code of Ethics Nathan Johnson CRJ306 : Criminal Law & Procedure Instructor: Justin Lawrence July 09, 2015 A Code of Ethics A base principle of a functioning society is the existence of a code of ethics. The ethics within a community govern the appropriate actions and values for its members. The correct conduct is conformity to the supported ethical behavior chosen by the leaders of the populace. Without the rules for acceptable behavior, a community becomes susceptible to harsh conditions and mayhem. The laws of ethics are responsible for the founding of the criminal justice system. It is noting the difference between right and wrong, and enforcing the behaviors deemed acceptable, while penalizing those that are offensive. Ethics within the criminal justice system allows societies to finely draw and define the line between good and evil, for the best of the community. Ethics aid tin the application of the criminal justice process. It provides guidance through the criminal procedure in accordance with societal norms. It is more than just the relationship between a community and their law enforcement, because in actuality it defines the morality of intentions, along with a just punishment for violators. Though ethics are a tool used by the criminal justice system to keep order, they are also what control the interactions between a community and its law enforcement. When societal ethics and these interactional ethics are mutually agreed upon, this makes way for cooperative...
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...Organizational Management and Operations Paper CJA/484 Criminal Justice Administration Capstone There are countless diverse sorts of relationships that exist in America’s criminal justice system. Some of which can be founded on their interactions. Others can be based on what it is that they are responsible for. Regardless of the origin of the relationship or its purpose on any level the core values that remain at the heart of any relationship within the criminal justice system is the one between ethics and professional behavior. Ethics is one of the most essential and fundamental matters that are necessary for the criminal justice system to be more than a success. The citizens of the United States need these people who are working within our criminal justice system, and for America’s criminal justice system to uphold the United States laws and uphold America’s constitution as well as be ethical and professional people. In this paper a discussion will take place as well as an analysis of the relationship between ethics and professional behavior in the administration of criminal justice. An explanation will be provided on the role of critical thinking with regard to the relationship of ethics and professional behavior. The paper will include a proposal for a seminar in ethics training for law enforcement officers. In this paper five areas of ethical conduct that will be stressed for the seminar will be chosen. Furthermore, details will be given as to why these areas were chose...
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...The criminal justice Administration Analysis and ethics 484 4/20/2015 Dwayne Carr The criminal justice Administration Analysis and ethics Professional conduct and ethics are essential pieces, to the criminal justice administrations with ethics is defined what a person moral beliefs is right from wrong. The criminal justice administrations have to deal with a problem that are ethical on a daily basis and have to handle the ethical situation in behavior that is professional. The criminal justice administration and the law enforcement administration have a terrible time with professional conduct, and ethic’s particular matters might be hard to take on for the reason. Because of administration of criminal justice have a duty of creating moral decisions of what counts as right or wrong makes them have to be very professional. Also, employ critical thinking skill as well. Within this paper, it will analysis discuss, the critical thinking with the concerning association with ethics. In addition, professional conduct role with police officers, as well as the five areas of the ethical conduct, should communicate within the seminar. Also the reason to choice those areas and the suppose benefits, with the training for each the public and law enforcement. Professional Code of Ethic for Law Enforcement With the professional organization, concerning with certain parts of the law, medicine, also the criminal justice system as well...
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...Ethics is defined as "the rules or standards governing the conduct of a person or the members of a profession" and also "the moral fitness in a decision or action" Ethical decisions and moral decisions influenced by every person’s ethical code, the ethical code of their profession and further on of their society as a whole. Without knowledge of ethics, criminal justice professionals may be naïve about moral issues occurring within the criminal justice system. The study of ethics helps criminal justice professionals quickly recognize the ethical consequences of various actions and the moral principles involved. Within the criminal justice system, ethics is germane to most management and policy decisions relating to punishment and is the rationale used in making these decisions, such as whether to rehabilitate, deter, or impose just deserts. (Springer, 1995) The criminal justice system comprises professionals who exercise power and authority over others and who in some cases are authorized to use force and physical coercion against them. The law, or accepted standards of behavior, imposes ethical rules and responsibilities on these professionals. It follows that professionals in the criminal justice system must be aware of ethical standards in carrying out their functions. Ethics is crucial in decisions involving discretion, force, and due process, because criminal justice professionals can be tempted to abuse their powers. (Springer, 1995) Ethics is reflected usually in how...
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...Ethics are? Ethics are moral principles that decide on a person or groups decisions. With ethics the moral distinguish between the good and the evil, the tight and wrong, and the virtuous and non-virtuous characteristics. Ethics are primarily disgusted in philosophy. Ethics are the reason how people find their morality level. Obviously everyone has morals and not everyone is going to agree on what morals are more important than others. Ethics plays a huge part in the criminal justice system. The justice system is the disciplinary for crime and criminals. Creating the Bill of Rights showed a great deal of ethics in the criminal justice system. The relationship between ethics and justice is that justice is a behavior of fairness and ethics is...
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...present (Adler, n.d.)”. These feelings in society guide the professional behavior that makes up the theory of criminal justice is a crucial part of criminal justice system, and the ethics that make up moral principles of right and wrong, administration that distributes burden and stresses common good in our legal system. We are, faced with ethical issues every day and must deal with components that make up our involved system in a professional manner. The administration of criminal justice, especially the policing of society and individual rights requires professional behavior in certain situations and may often for those on the outside looking in to find it difficult to handle. The criminal justice system has obligations of making moral judgments of what is right or wrong and must be done professionally and with the use of critical thinking. Because law enforcement its successes and failures are often judged by society vise right and wrong the system is under great scrutiny even from those that manage the system, and understand the stresses involved. The relationship between theories, and how they are defined like the principles of utilitarianism, and the manner in which agencies are defined through professional behavior and ethics of professional behavior is part of the analysis. What are some of the principles of justice theories? Explain how the principles of these theories differ from traditional utilitarianism? Principles...
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...Cover (host, time, place): Ethics in Criminal Justice Attendees: Law enforcement officers, corrections officers, and professionals within the criminal justice profession. 5 areas of ethical conduct: 1. Proper use of professional and ethical authority It is common for criminal justice professionals to act beyond the limits of their authority. Proper training to help officers learn to control their actions and to uphold their reputation will reflect positively on the agency. 2. Racial Discrimination Both fellow employees and the community are affected by discrimination in law enforcement. Treating all individuals fairly and ethically will show proper professional behavior, and help them be a positive role model for the criminal justice system. 3. Bribes Unethical behavior included the acceptance of gifts for bribes from the community, agencies, criminals, or fellow co-workers in return for special treatment. 4. Honesty Trust is necessary for a positive professional relationship with the community. Immoral or deceiving actions cause a lack of trust in the criminal justice profession. Law enforcement officers are held to a higher ethical standard because of their role to keep the community safe. They take an oath of office, are expected to comply with professional code of ethics, and are subject to various laws, rules, and regulations (Gleason, 2006). 5. Excessive force Officers need to be able to think critically in stressful situations, and learn to react...
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...Brooke Fritz Mini-Paper CCJS 380 5055 Ethical Behavior in Criminal Justice 3/24/15 Ethics Ethics is a very important subject that requires a lot of focus and attention in the criminal justice field. Police integrity and ethics is a crucial element to an efficient police agency. In every police agency, it is desired to have an environment which has effective partnerships between the police and citizens. Good ethics and integrity is so important because it is what builds trust within a community. Police leadership must be in the highest ethical standards if the agency wants to keep the public’s trust. In order to be successful at enhancing integrity and ethics within an organization, leaders must establish consistent ethical mentoring and role modeling. It only takes one single incident of unethical behavior to turn an admired police agency into one of the least-respected. Ethics is known to be the foundation of the criminal justice system. Ethics is what has developed the moral reasoning we use, how we define criminal activity, and what the society considers acceptable punishment. Ethics must be studied because the criminal justice system is the most effective and best operates in an ethical manner. It is important that we study ethics in criminal justice so that we know what should be done in different given situations. Ethics entitles doing the right thing, at the right time, for the right reason. That raises a common question, how are we supposed to know what...
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... Reality Many people form opinions about the criminal justices system from the media. But how true are these images of justice? Developing the criminal justice system Introduction--London Metropolitan Police was the first police agency and was developed in 1829. The first police agencies in the United States were in Boston (1838), New York (1844); and Philadelphia (1854). Criminal justice system was first recognized in 1919, by the Chicago crime commission. The modern era of justice Modern era of justice can be traced to a series of research projects begun in the 1950 under the sponsorship of the American Bar Foundation. Federal involvement in criminal justice President’s Commission on Law Enforcement and Administration of Justice was appointed by President Johnson in 1967. Passage of the Safe Streets and Crime Control Act of 1968 Helped launch massive campaign to restructure criminal justice system Provided funding for the Law Enforcement Assistance Administration (LEAA) The contemporary criminal justice system Introduction—The criminal justice system is society’s instrument of social control. The contemporary criminal justice system in the United Sates is monumental in size. The system is massive because it must process and care for millions of people. The criminal justice system can be divided into three main components: law enforcement agencies, court system, and correctional system. The formal criminal justice process Introduction: Few cases are actually...
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...Ethics in Criminology What to study? A justice system is based on rules. There are many types of rules and some interact to form the justice system. The principle rules are ethics, morals and laws. These are related in the following way. Morals are based on authority, Ethics are based on reason. Laws may have a moral basis or an ethical basis. Those in the United States are supposed to have an ethical basis. Ethics are of two types, Consequence-based and Rule-based. Consequence-based are less reliable in the long run. Rule-based ethics are of two types, Value-based and Rights-based. Our Constitution, and the laws derived from it, is based on the rights asserted in the Declaration of Independence. Whom to study? Criminal justice system Definition The criminal justice system consists of three main parts: (1) Legislative (create laws); (2) adjudication (courts); and (3) corrections (jails, prisons, probation and parole). In the criminal justice system, these distinct agencies operate together both under the rule of law and as the principal means of maintaining the rule of law within society. For the purposes of section 8(6) of the Criminal Appeal Act 1995 and section 194A(6) of the Criminal Procedure (Scotland) Act 1995, the criminal justice system includes, in particular, the investigation of offences and the treatment of offenders. How to study? Criminologists study abnormal social behavior and use that knowledge to predict how criminals will behave. They also...
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...Criminal Justice System Nancy Donis CPSS/210 February 29, 2016 Stephen Gillespie Abstract In this week’s assignment I am to define crime and its relationship to the law. And the most common models of how society determines which act are criminal, describe the government structure as it applies to the criminal justice system, Identify choices theories and the assumptions regarding the crime, describe the components of the criminal justice system. Below I will explain all of the questions for this assignment. Criminal Justice System Define crime and its relationship to the law, and the most common models of how society determines which acts are criminal. Crime is when someone does an action that violates the criminal law of the state, county or city you are in. The crime someone that does a harmful act not only to an individual or individuals but also to the community, society or the state. It can be anything from murder, rape and theft. Society determines which acts are criminal by what the society considers to be safe and normal and it can be determined by how society interacts. What society determines or beliefs what is normal is differently judged in different countries and also the penalty of the crimes. For example the United Arab Emirates implemented capital punishment against all law offenders. In the Islamic Kingdom alcohol is considered illegal. Malaysia implements mandatory death penalty on seven ounces of marijuana. Describe the government structure as...
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...meaning lack of similarity and or inequality. Even though, in the criminal justice sytsem these words have diffenet meanings. These two terms have been evaluated within the criminal justice system, the dicrimination and disparity of ethic and racial groups have been recognized for a long time by some. At sometime or other disparity maybe the result of discrimination within the justice system in some situations. Disparity refers to the inequality in all aspects within the criminal justice system, for certain groups of individuals it conists og arrest to sentencing; this nearly will always refer back to ethic and racial disparity. Racial disparity is present within the criminal justice system as the porportion of an ethic or racial group is within the control of the system are greater than the the porportion of such groups within the general population ( The Sentencing Project,2008). Even though, it may not always be a relation to intentional discrimination racial disparity has been definately established within our justice system. Discrimination is defined as a distinction based on personal characteristics of an individual resulting in some degree of disadvantage to the indiviudual ( Law Encyclopedia, 2011). In order for us to better understand the similarities and differences between these two terms researchers have recently created the discrimination/disparity continuum in regards to the criminal justice system processes. Five elements consist on this spectrum, ranging from...
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...download link within a minute. Please contact us immediately. ( hwminute@gmail.com) Visit Website: http://hwminute.com/ Week One: Ethics and the Criminal Justice Practitioner Details Due Points Objectives 1.1 Explain the importance of ethics to the criminal justice practitioner.1.2 Distinguish between morality, ethics, duties, and values.1.3 Explain common theories related to ethics in criminal justice. 1.4 Analyze ethical decision-making processes. Reading Read the Week One Read Me First. Reading Read Ch. 1 of Justice, Crime, and Ethics. Reading Read Ch. 2 of Justice, Crime, and Ethics. Reading Read Ch. 3 of Justice, Crime, and Ethics. Reading Read this week’s Electronic Reserve Readings. Participation Participate in class discussion. 4 of 7 days 1 Discussion Questions Respond to weekly discussion questions. DQ1 due day 3DQ 2 due day 5 3 Learning Team InstructionsLearning Team Charter Select Learning Team members who work together throughout the course.Create the Learning Team Charter. Day 7 Learning Team InstructionsWeekly Team Review Review the Week One objectives and discuss insights and questions you may have. Learning Team InstructionsEthical Decision-Making Paper (Preparation) Begin working on the Ethical Decision-Making Paper due in Week Two. IndividualEthics Awareness Inventory Complete the Ethics Awareness Inventory (EAI), located on the student website, in preparation for the Week Two...
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