...Ethnicity and the Police Part I: Outline Jarel Thomas CJA/334 Cultural Diversity in Criminal Justice February 27, 2014 Ebony Pullins-Govantes Ethnicity and the Police Outline Topic: Police Corruption and Citizen Complaints Relative to Ethnicity I. Introduction II. Melendez-Diaz v. Massachusetts A. The many complaints of police corruption B. How it is relative to ethnicity and discrimination III. Examination A. Police corruption in the United States B. Complaints by citizens of different ethnicity IV. Body A. Police Corruption 1. The crime that is not going down 2. Increased patterns of police corruption 3. Cases of police abuse throughout the United States B. Melendez-Diaz and the Confrontation Clause of the Sixth Amendment 1. The United States Supreme Court case on Melendez-Diaz v. Massachusetts 2. Forensic examiners violate the Sixth Amendment C. Citizen Complaints Against the Police 1. Civil Rights groups V. Prevention of Police Corruption 1. Regulating police by using what we know 2. Prevention of policing that is radically biased VI. Conclusion References Bayley, D. H., & Bittner, E. (1984). Learning the skills of policing. Law & Contemporary Problems, 4735-59. Brown, C. (1997). POLICE CORRUPTION: THE CRIME THAT'S NOT GOING DOWN. New Crisis (15591603), 104(3), 48. Retrieved from http://powersthatbeat...
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...Ethnicity and the Police Part 1: Outline Sharon Upshaw CJA/344 May 17, 2016 Diana Mitchell Ethnicity and the Police Part 1: Outline POLICE CORRUPTION IN THE UNITED STATES Police misconduct is rising throughout the United States regardless of the Department of Justice attempts of interventions. These interventions are not only to improve the training of officers but also to build a better relationship and trust of the community. Why is there a huge spike in police brutality since the Obama administration if the U.S. department of Justice is monitoring the police agencies? I. Police corruption within law enforcement agencies A. Racial profiling 1. Illegal search and seizure 2. African American and Latino’s 3. Driving while black B. Complaints by citizens relative to ethnicity 1. Harassment in minority communities 2. Excessive use of force 3. Deadly force II. Police brutality among minorities are high A. Bureau of Justice Statistic 1. Ethnic groups perception of police 2. Civil Rights violations B. Deaths of civilians by police use of excessive force 1. Black lives matter 2. Ban of choke holds III. All states needs racial profiling laws A. NAACP Reports that twenty states do not have this law 1. Data collection of police stop and seizure 2. DOJ to revised a new guide on racial profiling B. Mistrust of police grows in minority communities 1. Unfair treatment by...
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...Ethnicity and the Police (Part II) Monica Angulo CJA/344 August 6, 2014 Instructor Name Ethnicity and the Police Racial profiling indicates the system law enforcement officials use to target people for suspicion of crime grounded on the person's race, ethnicity, religion or national origin. Criminal profiling, usually, as performed by police, is the deduction on a group of characteristics they consider to be connected with crime. An example of racial profiling is the use of race to conclude which motorists to stop for minor traffic violations (usually referred to as "driving while black” or “driving while brown"). The use of race to conclude which individuals to search for illegal paraphernalia is another example of racial profiling. This practice, however, can result contra productive, as highlighted in the following cases. Racial Profiling Gone Wrong Poor judgment calls based on racial profiling have been made by law enforcement officials, where racism and discrimination has taken over violating individuals’ civil rights, creating friction with the community and the public. NYC Cop Testifies to Targeting Young Black Men As hearings began to examine New York City’s stop and frisk policy, one police officer testified that he was instructed by superiors to target young Black men between the ages of 14 and 21. In 2011 alone, New York City police executed 685,724 stops as part of the stop and frisk policy. In total, they had...
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...Ethnicity and the Police Part II Police Brutality and Corruption: New Orleans Police Department By Brittany Jackson Staff Writer BATON ROUGE- New Orleans Police Department is known for its harsh brutality, corruption, discrimination, and deadly force. The issue of citizen complaints has been a controversial concern in New Orleans. The complaints of citizens are generally a racial issue. African American civil groups have commanded civilian evaluation as a way of presenting independent assessments of complaints. Although the New Orleans courts planned to expurgate police corruption and brutality, the unruly behavior has increased. Over the recent years the New Orleans Police Department had a discreditable record for police brutality and many incidents were reported to the department Internal Affairs Division and the Office of Municipal Investigations. Some officers were charged for using excessive force towards victims, sometimes without adequate cause, and some suspects died while in the custody of police. The New Orleans Police Department has a history of police brutality cases including the case of Robert Davis. Robert Davis, a retired elementary school teacher and a resident of New Orleans was detained, arrested, and beaten by four white police officers on October 9, 2005 on notion of public intoxication. Davis was 64 years old at the time of the incident and was charged with public intoxication, resisting arrest, battery, and public intimidation which he pled...
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...University of Phoenix Material Appendix B Part I Define the following terms: |Term |Definition | |Stereotypes |Unreliable, exaggerations about all members of a certain, gender, race, ethnicity and/or culture. | | |Doesn’t take individual differences into account | |Prejudice |A negative way of thinking, toward an entire group of people of race, gender, ethnicity and/or | | |culture. | |Labeling theory |The theory is how self-identity of ones self could be determined by the terms used to describe them,| | |their stereotype. | Part II Select three of the identity categories below and name or describe at least 3 related stereotypes for each: Race Ethnicity Religion Gender Sexual orientation Age Disability |Category |Stereotype 1 |Stereotype 2 |Stereotype 3 | |Race |White people cant dance, don’t |Hispanics are all illegal |All native Americans love to | | ...
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...Jo. K. H. Prof. C. English 1A 16 December 2014 Some police officers take advantage of their authoritative positions with excessive brutality and, in some cases, the misuse of deadly force, which is resulted from racism and the known lack of consequences. Blacks and whites have had different historical experiences with the criminal justice system. Largely, whites see the law as a power to serve and protect their rights and their acreage in a democracy. While, blacks have been more likely to view law as a force that denies their rights. For years the judicial system refused to offer protection to blacks from slave owners, white rapists, and even racist mobs. In 1693, Philadelphia court officials “authorized the police to take up any "Negro" seen "gadding about" without a pass from his or her master” (Chaney). This judiciary command, to stop and detain any black found on the road, gave no distinction between free or slave blacks. The Black Codes of the Southern region permitted militiamen (soldiers who are also civilians) to arrest and restrain blacks whose presence aroused suspicion (Staples). The Fugitive Slave Act of 1850, jeopardized not only law enforcement officials, but also average citizens with hefty fines if they failed to assist in the arrest of alleged runaway slaves, when the doubt could be grounded only on written claims; likewise, free and enslaved blacks didn’t have the right or ability to represent themselves in court against such claims (Staples). Alongside...
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...Throughout the history of the United States, various races and ethnicities have been discriminated against. In contemporary time, religion, specifically Islam, has received a great deal of coverage due to the actions taken by extremist Muslims. Because of the actions of terrorist groups such as the Taliban and Isis, Muslims around the world, especially in the United States, are viewed in a negative light. Due to this, the rising backlash towards Muslims has raised the question if during the past fifteen years, the resulting prejudice has affected the young/old/new Muslim immigrants in terms of work, daily life, and even their own sense of belonging or identity within the United States. Recently, minorities in the United States have had...
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...English 1020 21 March 2016 Police Brutality The job of a police officer is to serve and protect their community and country, but some don’t see it this way and fail to do their job in an appropriate matter. Some take the law in their own hands and want to enforce punishment where punishment shouldn’t be enforced. These officers use their authority to take advantage of sometimes innocent people to have fun or to just prove a point. Police brutality is a big problem in today’s society which is caused by and contributes too many factors such as racism, incarceration, racial profiling, fear, and lack of training. What is police brutality and how has it become a problem in today’s society? Police Brutality is...
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...Jack Levin and Jack McDevitt Northeastern University I. Legal Distinctions II. Hate Crimes and Prejudice III. Why Treat Hate Crimes Differently? IV. Problems in Collecting Hate Crime Data V. Types of Hate Crimes VI. Organized Hate Groups VII. VIII. Are Hate Crimes on the Rise? Responses to Hate crimes IX. Conclusion GLOSSARY Defensive Hate Crimes Hate offenses aimed against particular “outsiders” who are regarded as posing a challenge to a perpetrator’s neighborhood, workplace, school, or physical wellbeing. Ethno-violence Acts of hate that do not necessarily rise to the legal standard of a crime, but contain an element of prejudice. Hate Crimes (also known as Bias Crimes) Criminal offenses motivated either entirely or in part by the fact or perception that a victim is different from the perpetrator. Mission Hate Crimes Hate offenses committed as an act of “war” against any and all members of a particular group of people. Modern Racism victim. Prejudice A negative attitude toward individuals based on their perceived group Subtle and institutionalized forms of bigotry based on the race of the membership. Retaliatory Hate Crimes terrorism. Thrill Hate Crimes Hate offenses typically committed by youngsters who are motivated by Hate offenses designed to get even for hate crimes or acts of the desire for excitement. HATE CRIMES are criminal offenses motivated either entirely or in part by the fact or perception that a victim is different from the perpetrator...
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...with hi-speed trucks and play “patintero” on them just to get away with a newly snatched bag. And multitude of researches found many factors pushing kids to do crimes such like this. With recent disturbances like war and natural disaster struck Zamboanga City, it is just timely to assess similar situation especially on a depressed placed like Barangay Sta. Catalina which was directly affected by the 2013 Zamboanga Siege. According to Villanueva (2006), juvenile delinquency refers to an anti-social act or a child/minor/youth’s behavior which deviates from the normal pattern of rules and regulations, custom and culture which the society does not accept. Bocar (2012) mentioned that the prevention of juvenile delinquency is an essential part of crime prevention in society. Guevara and Bautista (2008) quoted that, “an ounce of prevention is better than a pound of cure”, this clearly manifests the importance of misbehavior deterrence among the youth. Theoretical Framework Numerous theories tried to explain many factors causing juvenile crimes or juvenile delinquency. One of which is Robert Merton’s Strain Theory. Strain theory holds that crime is caused by the difficulty those in poverty have in achieving socially valued goals by legitimate means, making poverty the reason to commit crime. Another theory that juveniles turn to crime is the differential theory. The theory of Differential association also deals with young people in a group context, and looks at how peer...
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...Phoenix Material Appendix B Part I Define the following terms: Term | Definition | Stereotypes | The exaggerated and unreliable generalization of a group that does not take individual preferences into account. | Prejudice | A negative attitude toward an entire category of people such as racial group or ethnic minority. | Labeling theory | The view of deviance in which someone being labeled as a “deviant” leads a person to engage in deviant behavior. This theory originated by Howard Becker’s work in the 1960’s. This theory explains why people’s behavior clashes with societal norms. | Part II Select three of the identity categories below and name or describe at least 3 related stereotypes for each: * Race * Ethnicity * Religion * Gender * Sexual orientation * Age * Disability Category | Stereotype 1 | Stereotype 2 | Stereotype 3 | Religion | Bible hugger | Satan worshipper | Eternally damned | Disability | Check chaser | Stupid | Psycho | Race | Drug dealer | Thief | Bomber | Part III Answer each question in 100 to 150 words related to those stereotypes: * What are the positive aspects of the stereotypes, if any? Are there really positive aspects to stereotyping? I can’t really say for sure. I suppose it may be good to generalize those people that have a “safe feeling” to them. Christians are generally good people and appear to be trustworthy for the most part. Intuition on someone makes it...
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...Appendix B Part I Define the following terms: Term Definition Stereotypes Unreliable, exaggerated generalizations about all members of a group that do not take individual differences into account. Prejudice A negative attitude toward an entire category of people, such as a racial or ethnic minority. Labeling theory A sociological approach introduced by Howard Becker that attempts to explain why certain people are viewed as deviants and others engaging in the same behavior are not. Part II Select three of the identity categories below and name or describe at least 3 related stereotypes for each: Race Ethnicity Religion Gender Sexual orientation Age Disability Category Stereotype 1 Stereotype 2 Stereotype 3 Race Racial profiling Scapegoating Theory Minority Group Religion Ethnocentrism Genocide Absolute Deprivation Sexual Orientation Hate Crimes Discrimination Social Distance Part III Answer each question in 100 to 150 words related to those stereotypes: What are the positive aspects of the stereotypes, if any? The only positive if it would be considered one is when you discuss a topic the general belief about it is that the common knowledge of said topic is based on what everyone believes about it. Say how people who mistrust young men dressed in clothes known to be worn by gang members due to the color and styles. There would be the basis of someone stereotyping them into a group as gang bangers or street gangs and...
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...Hate Crimes in American Society in the Twentieth and Twenty-first Centuries Sample Student Research Paper Project of Sociology Table of Contents I. Thesis Statement…………………………………………….………….....Page 4 II. Introduction and Summary………………………………….………….....Page 4 III. Literature Review………………………………………………………....Page 6 IV. Methods………………………………………………………….......….. Page 16 V. Socio-Historical Analysis………………………………………………. .Page 18 A. 20th Century 1. Lynching 2. Ku Klux Klan 3. Rodney King and the Los Angeles Riots 4. Matthew Shepard B. 21st Century 1. Post 9/11 2. Jena Six VI. Cause and Effect Analysis…………………………………………… ....Page 24 A. Causes 1. Prejudice a. Stereotypes b. Scapegoats c. Presence of Hate in American Culture d. Need for Status and Power 2. Reasons for Crime a. Sending a Message b. Thrill Seeking c. Defensive B. Effects 1. Psychological Trauma 2. Undo Social Progress 3. Community Unrest 4. Threat of Retaliation VII. Descriptive Analysis……………………………………………….........Page 30 A. Description of Victims 1. Bias against a Particular Race 2. Bias against a Particular Religion 3. Bias against a Particular Sexual Orientation 4. Bias against a Particular Ethnicity/National Origin 5. Bias against a Disability B. Description of Offenses and Offenders This must be your new section? VIII. Comparative Analysis…………………………………………………. Page 36 A. United States Justice Department Definition of Hate Crime B. International Justice...
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...larceny theft motor vehicle theft, and arson. Which the law enforcers reports the crime and arrest data for other crimes categories. The data is updated on a monthly basis. The programs compare monthly reports and counts the crimes; it counts the world’s crimes as a whole. The National Crime Victimization Survey provides details and photos of the crimes and victims. It collects information on rapes, sexual assaults, person robberies, and simple assault home burglary, thefts and many other types of crimes. The NCVS collects information about the different crimes that have been cause in their own household even if the law enforcement do not report it or not. If a victim gives a report the survey data provides about your (sex, age, race, ethnicity, marital status, income educational, and criminal history. Basically it summarize why victims give there information. There are a few major crime reporting programs, one of the most common and run by the Federal...
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...Associate Program Material Religious and Ethnic Groups Paper Instructions Part I Select at least 1 religious and 1 ethnic/racial group not your own from the list below. Religious groups (based on http://religions.pewforum.org/pdf/affiliations-all-traditions.pdf) Christianity Evangelical Protestant Mainline Protestant Historically Black Churches Roman Catholic Latter-Day Saints (Mormons) Jehovah’s Witnesses Orthodox (Greek, Eastern) Judaism (Orthodox, Conservative, or Reform) Buddhism (Theravada or Mahayana) Islam (Sunni, Shia, Sufism) Hinduism Racial/ethnic groups (based on divisions in U.S. Census Bureau documents) Asian (Asian descent) Black (African descent) Hispanic and Latino (South or Central American descent) Pacific Islander (Polynesian descent) White (European descent) Part II Write a 750- to 1,400-word paper in which you consider the following regarding the religious group and racial/ethnic group you selected: Religious group: How does your selected religious group differ from other religious groups (such as in their beliefs, worship practices, or values)? According to social and political views, the Mormon religion is different and therefore, is most noticeable than that of the population in general, and other religions. Their conservation towards political and culture issues are different. A vast amount of Mormons say that definite rulings of right and wrong are strongly held. The Mormons feel that the values they have are felt threatened often by...
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