...Historical Perspective Essay Rebecca Firmin NUR/518 May 21,2012 Vta Massey Historical Perspective Essay One significant event in nursing research which created greater awareness for the need of utilizing research in clinical practice was the establishment in 1986 of the National Center for Nursing Research by congressional mandate. A primary function of the Center for Nursing Research was promotion of research projects that related to patient care. In this period nurses began formal projects to help with research utilization in clinical practice to enhance patient outcomes. During this time factors outside of nursing helped shape nursing research also. A clinical learning strategy designed by McMaster Medical School in Canada called evidence-based medicine had a major effect on all health care professions and how physicians and nurses made clinical decisions. This learning strategy paved the way for nursing research to incorporate evidence-based practice into the daily clinical practices and enhance patient outcomes. Nursing research focused on improved patient-nurse relationships and improved patient outcomes, strategies that nurses could utilize at the bedside to enhance patient care. With use of this learning strategy nursing developed nursing strategies that were centered around nursing diagnosis and not on medical diagnosis to effect patient outcomes. Interventions that nursing could use that were nursing related and did not require a physician’s order to...
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...Title: Evidence Based Practice in Nursing Name Course Tutor April 20th, 2013 Introduction The paper herein provides a critical discussion of evidence based practice (EBP) in nursing. It clearly elaborates on the meaning and definition of EBP as used by nurses as well as the importance of evidence based decision making as it relates to nursing care. It broadly examines the concept of EBP in nursing care and its relevance to nursing practice and to the delivery of quality patient care. Subsequently, the essay will also expound on the broad research methods that are used in evidence based nursing and conclusively show how this evidence can be applied in day to day health care practice. The Definition and Importance of EBP Evidence based practice in nursing has wide and varied definitions among the nurses in practice and in academic centres. However, the most generally accepted definition is the integration of the best research evidence with clinical expertise and patient values (Sacket et al., 2000). Van, Schoonhoven & Grol (2008 at p. 382) while citing Sacket et al., (2000), define evidence based nursing as the conscientious, explicit and judicious use of current best evidence available in making decisions that are pertinent to the care of individual patients. It is the optimal use of the available research evidence in nursing (Van, Schoonhoven & Grol, 2008). In other literature, evidence based practice (EBP), in nursing has been defined to mean the...
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...Perspective Essay NUR/518 August 11, 2012 Historical Perspective Essay “Research is systematic inquiry that uses disciplined methods to answer questions or solve problems. The ultimate goal of research is to develop, refine, and expand knowledge (Burns & Grove, 2011) .” “Nursing research is systematic inquiry designed to develop trustworthy evidence about issues of importance to the nursing profession, including nursing practice, education, administration, and informatics (Polit & Tatano, 2012) .” Stetler’s Model of Research Utilization to Facilitate Evidence-Based Practice is a primary example of this. This model was developed by Stetler and Marram in 1976. Stetler then expanded the model in both 1994 and 2001 to promote evidence based practice in nursing. (Polit & Tatano, 2012) The model enhances the use of research evidence by nurses to promote evidence based practice. On a basic level this model can use the knowledge from the research to enhance or influence a nurse’s decisions or have an impact on educational programs and many other uses. Stetler’s 2001 model contains five phases. They are: preparation, validation, comparative evaluation/decision making, translation/application and evaluation. Stetler’s intention with the 2001 model was “to make using research evidence in practice a conscious, critical thinking process that is initiated by the user. (Polit & Tatano, 2012) ” Preparation determines the purpose of potential outcomes that can make evidence based change...
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...Inquiry into health care Assignment 1 This essay aims to thoroughly examine the importance of evidence-based practice within the health care setting. The use of evidence-based practice as a practical framework to locate, appraise and apply the best research will further discussed throughout this essay. In addition this essay will explore how health care professionals can use the five steps of evidence based practice (EBP) as a practical framework to overcoming barriers to locating, appraising and applying the best research evidence in relation to Occupational Health and Safety (OHS). The use of hand washing in relation to infection control will be the OHS area explored. Evidence based practice is a framework that involves an expert finding experimental evidence concerning the value of or effectiveness of altered treatment options, the significance of this evidence is then established in relation to the patients situation (Liamputtong, 2010).Evidence Based Practice generates the need for clinically vital information regarding clinical and health care issues (Liamputtong, 2010). This clinically vital information is gathered by altering evidence into answerable questions, once this information is gathered the appraised information will be put into clinical practice and evaluated based on performance (Liamputtong, 2010). The importance of the five steps of Evidence Based Practice is consistent and conclusive. Before EBP, clinical knowledge was primarily relied on in areas...
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...Historical Perspective Historical Perspective Essay Leonie Taylor-Brown University of Phoenix Nur/518 Elizabeth Esterl August 19th ,2013 Florence Nightingale’s contribution to research and the development of nursing makes her undisputedly the mother of research, and evidence based nursing. There are several examples that show her evidence base framework, this essay will show her contribution to research and nursing development, and show the paradigm that Ms Nightingale hold. The science of nursing has evolved throughout the many decades since Florence Nightingale presented her first theory in 1859. She did not set out to write a theory but her work has influenced nursing practice for the past century and a half (George 2011).Her first focus and data collection was on the manipulation of the environment for the benefit of the patient, this focus continues through today with the prevention of hospital acquired infections such as Foley, CLABS, Pneumonia. With her research she was able to show data which corroborated that if certain environmental settings are not correct patients can have fatal outcomes as in the Crimean war and in the area of Maternal Mortality. Ms Nightingale documented her first concept of clean environment in her 1860 published notes. Through this work she laid the foundation for evidence based practice (Nightingale 1992). One of her most important contributions was to address the care from trained...
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...3000 word essay on patient with left sided stroke with one identified health need/problem: Dysphagia Student Name: Dashante` Burgess Green Cohort- Group 1 Module: NIP 1000 Word count: 3,010 A stroke is a life changing disease and sudden attack of weakness to one side of the body resulting from a interruption to the flow of blood going to the brain that can be a minor attack and resolved in a few days or major attack leaving the person with physical disabilities and cognitive deficit (McFerran 2008). Therefore, stroke can affect the quality of life of an individual from the lack of communication, mobility and independence and intern can cause one to become depressed. This essay is concerning the case of Mr. Alfred Smith who was admitted to hospital with muscle and facial weakness with asymmetry and no movement to the left side of his body. He was eventually diagnosed with left-sided stroke resulting in right-sided hemiplegia affecting his balance and mobility. With the many health problems associated with stroke this essay will focus more on the problem of dysphagia and the patient’s needs related to this particular problem. Dysphagia is a condition in which the action of swallowing is either difficult or where the swallowed material seems to be held in its passage (McFerren 2008). The assessment, planning, implementation and evaluation (A.P.I.E) of the patient on admission and discharge will be discussed in further and more precise detail throughout the essay while maintaining...
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...This will assist with better understanding what efforts are being taken within the contemporary healthcare system and by contemporary healthcare organizations in order to maximize the quality of care delivered to patients. The discussion within the essay will have three main parts. The first part will explain and analyze the significance of the topic under consideration here for clinical nursing practice. The second part will discuss information from the selected topic that can be applied in order to improve professional nursing practice and complex client care. The third part will evaluate the potential outcomes that may result from the application of the information from the topic to nursing practice. Before shifting into the body of the main discussion, though, it may be appropriate to discuss the AHRQ itself in greater detail. In the AHRQ's (2015a) own words, the organization's mission "is to produce evidence to make health care safer, higher quality, more accessible, equitable, affordable, and to work within the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services and with other partners to make sure that the evidence is understood and used" (para. 3). The mission of the AHRQ is thus broadly congruent with the mission of the nursing profession as a whole, as expressed in the American Nurses Association's (2001) professional code of ethics. There is thus every reason to believe that by working in congruence with the initiatives taken by the...
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...In Australia, Evidence-based practice (EBP) has been educated as nursing pre-registration requirements for registration, since EBP is recognized as the gold standard for quality healthcare over the past decade (Linton & Prasun, 2013; Leung, Trevena & Waters, 2016). Every day, nurses need to make a huge amount of decisions about patients’ care and procedures. However, the Nursing and Midwifery Board of Australia (NMBA) publishes the Registered nurse standards for practice 1.1, which requires the registered nurse to access, analyse and use the EBP for safe quality practice (NMBA, 2016). This essay will discuss that nurses are expected to be at the forefront of implementing EBP into clinical practice. Furthermore, it will also discuss an opposing...
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...Professional Studies Assignment Introduction For this essay I will be reflecting on an incident from practice, by drawing on developing knowledge, understanding and the application of professional studies. Reflection offers an opportunity to learn through an experience. This allows us to develop or sustain effective practice (Johns, 2000). I will be using the Gibbs (1988) reflective framework to structure my reflection (see appendix A). I find this framework very easy to follow, and as Clodagn (2003), explains it allows a person to implement alternative actions to an event, if followed. The incident will be described and the influence of key issues relating to ethical theories and decision-making, illness journeys and lay and professional perspectives will be explored. Principles of nursing models will be looked at and their contribution to individual patient care. I will also look at resource management, quality assurance and the role of evidence-based practice. For the purpose of this essay, to maintain confidentiality, the patient will be referred to as Mr Charlie Wood, (NMC code of professional conduct 2002; 5.1). Incident The incident occurred when I was a student on a medical ward. Mr. Wood, age 80 had been admitted to hospital following a stroke. From this he had lost the ability to mobilise and speak effectively. He was a very dependent gentleman and counted on the nurses to undertake all aspects of his care. His wife, whose name has also...
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...Communication is a key skill for any health care professional, but for nurses, we ‘are in an occupation that has interpersonal communication at its core. Virtually all nursing work revolves around the need for nurses to be effective communicators, whether relating to colleagues or with service users. (Morrall 2001). This essay seeks to discuss an evidence based experience learnt in clinical practice. For the purpose of this essay the author has chosen communication skills, since it is the basis for which verbal, non verbal and written ideas are conferred among the nursing staff. Some key policies and evidence taken from (research evidence or from this essay) will be identified and discussed. It also seeks to conclude with a general analysis from the overall main findings of this essay. The National Midwifery Council (NMC) (2008) state that nurses must take part in appropriate learning and practice activities that maintain and develop their competence and performance. As a nurse in training, I had been given the opportunity to complete a four weeks placement in a rehabilitation unit. The services provided included the admission of patients requiring rehabilitation therapy and specialist nursing attention. I was elected by my mentor to sit in their weekly review meeting consisting of the Multidisciplinary Team (MDT) in order to facilitate my learning objectives. As a student my role was to observe how the MDT addressed, planned and implemented patient care. This was necessary...
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...Reflection Essay Nursing Ethics and Evidence-Based Practice Rachel Lutz Professional Nursing December 10, 2010 Throughout this course I have been able educate myself on many areas of nursing that involve more than just patient care. One area that I found particularly interesting was ethical principlism. Ethical principlism involves using a set of ethical principles to provide framework that will support moral behavior and decision making while caring for patients. (Masters, 2009, p.92) There are four principles that define this idea. These include autonomy, beneficence, nonmaleficence, and justice. Both beneficence and nonmaleficence go hand in hand to show how nurses truly work for the good of the patient. Beneficence involves nurses taking action to promote well being for their patients. While nonmaleficence teaches nurses to refrain from certain actions that could cause harm. (Masters, 2009 p. 93) I believe that these concepts are very important in nursing. One must be able to understand that caring for a patient is more than acquiring skills. You need to have compassion and love in the care you provide. Nursing must be more than just a job. If the desire to help the patient is not present, the ability for the nurse to make the proper judgments can be skewed. Patient advocacy is a key requirement for a nurse. It is important that nurses are able to be taught ethical principles that will guide their thinking toward the good of the patient. Masters describes...
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...C. (2009, October 29). Predictors of knowledge, attitudes, use and future use of evidence-based practice among baccalaureate nursing students at two universities. Retrieved October 19, 2015. In this article the author claims that undergraduate students in nursing should have increased exposure to evidence- based practice because not only does it better prepare students for future clinical experience, but it also helps students build confidence when dealing with field work. To support this claim, the author discusses and analyzes a cross-sectional survey that focused on the knowledge relationship of nursing students who were acquainted with evidence-based practice. The study was conducted on 436 students who attended both a private or public university and also met the criteria of either being a sophomore, junior or senior, a part-time or full-time student and able to read and write in English. These specific students were then asked a serious of questions relating to their own self- evaluation on the amount of confidence and preparedness they possess in the field. The results showed that students who participated more in a research based learning method had more positive outcomes in their knowledge and attitude and also “generally found to increase with advancing academic class level” (Brown, 2009, pg.6). The purpose of the authors’ discussion on this specific study was to prove that nursing student’s performance will increase if you take them out of a classroom environment...
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...Historical Perspective Essay 518 University of Phoenix December 16, 2012 Historical Perspective Essay The theory of adaption model developed over 40 years ago by nursing theorist Castilla Roy, is used in many fields of nursing especially areas of humanities and human science. Nursing theory provides the structural framework necessary for practice, and helps to further nursing knowledge providing an understanding of the scientific process, and the nurse’s role in the health care setting (Colley, 2003). According to Shosha and Kaladeh (2012) Roy’s model provided the nursing profession with a framework to help further model-based research with a methodological soundness not yet known to the profession. This short essay will explain why I believe that Roy’s early model of adaption has contributed to research and nursing development more than other theorists of her time and significantly helped to shaped nursing practice and the profession. Contribution to Research and Nursing Development From a historical perspective Roy’s Adaption Model (RAM) is one of the most useful conceptual frameworks backed by years of research that has guided nursing practice. According to Fawcett (2005) Roy’s model has provided the foundation for the survival of nursing practice and is used globally to further nursing research, practice, and education. RAM has helped to link the concept of the human element of response to stress and adaptation— that is an intricate part of...
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...Critique Of The Research Article: Perspectives Of Hospital-Based Nurses On Breastfeeding Initiation Best Practices In: Other Topics Critique Of The Research Article: Perspectives Of Hospital-Based Nurses On Breastfeeding Initiation Best Practices Running head: CRITIQUE OF THE RESEARCH ARTICLE: PERSPECTIVES OF Critique of the Research Article: Perspectives of Hospital-Based Nurses on Breastfeeding Initiation Best Practices Kimberly Baird Grand Canyon University Intro. To Nursing Research NRS-433V April 21, 2011 Critique of the Research Article: Perspectives of Hospital-Based Nurses on Breastfeeding Initiation Best Practices The purpose of this research study is to evaluate the differences in breastfeeding knowledge and the implementation of breastfeeding by registered nurses in the postpartum units and the hospital policies, both formal and informal, related to the implementation and support of breastfeeding. Human milk is accepted as the ideal food source for infants for the first 6 months of life. Breastfeeding is then encouraged as a supplement to other foods until the child is 12 months of age and beyond. Both The Academy of Pediatrics and the International Lactation Consultant Association support these recommendations. CDC statistics report that in 2006 73.9% of women breastfed in the early postpartum period. This drops to 33.1% of those that are exclusively breastfeeding at 3 months of age and then drops again to 13.6% exclusively breastfeeding...
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...Preoperative fasting: Is it based on evidence? The rule ‘Nil by Mouth’ from midnight is used traditionally to ensure that the stomach is empty prior to induction of anaesthesia. It is clearly stated that during induction of anaesthesia, the protective laryngeal reflex is diminished, which maximises the risk of pulmonary aspiration. Even in the early days of the anaesthetic era, most people understood that prior to surgery, no intake of solid food was to be consumed. (Ljunggvist&Soreide, 2003) Ljungvvist&Soreide (2003) explains that surgical authorities recommended that patients have fluids containing carbohydrates, for example, beef tea, during the preoperative period. In spite of this, later studies revealed anaesthetic related aspiration. This resulted in progressively firmer rules for preoperative fasting, in which case patients were informed not to consume solids and liquids prior to sugery- ‘Nil by Mouth’ from midnight. (Ljunggvist&Soreide, 2003) Over the past two decades, authors have questioned the need for such intense fasting regimes. Following this, studies have been completed, which showed that guidelines which are less intense can be used to benefit the patient. (Ljunggvist&Soreide, 2003)Ljunggvist&soreide (2003) explain that following the studies, healthy adults who are undergoing surgery, can consume clear fluids up to two hours prior to surgery. However, this does not apply to people who have got gastrointestinal deficiencies or diabetes. This...
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