...Evolution of Human Resource Management 21st Century HR Helping to determine the companies' overall direction, HR departments focus on building organizational capabilities using employee management and development strategies that align with organizational goals. World War I & The emergence of HRM as profession (1911-1914) 20th century witnessed severe labor unrest due to the employment-at-will doctrine and yellow-dog contracts that allowed employers to fire employees at will. Quality of Work life Era (1960s-1990s) HR as an asset and not a liability Prevalence of Labor unions became significant and the personnel department was used to resolve wage-related issues and other differences between the union and management. The personnel manager was responsible for employee attendance, labor-dispute management and general compliances of employee health and safety requirements. Recruitment section of the personnel department dealt mainly with selecting labor employees, along with a few salaried professionals. The Personal Management (1935-1970) Prevalence of Labor unions became significant and the personnel department was used to resolve wage-related issues and other differences between the union and management. The personnel manager was responsible for employee attendance, labor-dispute management and general compliances of employee health and safety requirements. Organizations set up management teams to handle various facets of business. Personnel department’s...
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...Evolution of human resources management – Essay by Smriti Chand Business Since the 1980s the nature of Personnel Management is undergoing change and personnel function is shifting the locus of its focus. Amongst personnel specialists, the term, ‘Personnel Management’ is being substituted by that of ‘Human Resources Management’. It is felt that Personnel Management is being directed mainly at company employees and is not being completely identified with managerial needs. Personnel men have all along been mediating in between the management and the employees communicating the needs of each to the other. To maintain credibility with employees mediating personnel men have to look after their welfare. At the same time to justify their existence with management, they must show to their managers, a concern for the efficiency of labour utilisation as well as ensure that staff interests are always subservient to those of organisational effectiveness. Human Resources Management, by contrast, is directed mainly towards managerial needs for people resources in organisations, with greater emphasis being placed on planning, monitoring and control rather than on problem solving and mediation. Whereas traditional Personnel largamente is committed to the idea that employees’ needs should be looked after, since employees are effective only when their needs are satisfied, Human Resources Management reflects a different set of beliefs. These are that deploying of human...
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...HRM The evolution of human resource management as a distinct profession dates back to the industrial revolution when factories established personnel departments to look into wages and welfare of workers. * slide 1 of 5 To understand the evolution of Human Resource Management, one must first understand its basis. The origins of workforce management lies in the arrangements made for the welfare of apprentices working with the master craftsmen in the putting out system that prevailed during the medieval ages. The industrial revolution that led to the establishment of factories displaced the putting out system. The workers in the early factories faced long hours of works under extremely unhygienic conditions, and mostly lived in slums. This soon resulted in several labor riots, the most famous being Ludds riots of 1811 in Nottingham, England, precipitated by reduced wages. The government soon intervened to provide basic rights and protections for workers, and the need to comply with such statutory regulations forced factory owners to set up a formal mechanism to look into workers wages and welfare, and redress other issues concerning labor. This led to the emergence of Personnel Management as a distinct profession. * The Personnel Management Approach The Personnel Management approach that remained in vogue for much of the 20th Century remained administrative in nature. Arising out of the need to enforce statutory compliance, it concerned itself primarily with ...
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...Chapter 1 Evolution of Human REsouRcE managEmEnt and Human REsouRcE infoRmation systEms The Role of InfoRmaTIon Technology Mohan ThiTe, Michael J. Kavanagh, and RichaRd d. Johnson EDITORS’ NOTE The purpose of this chapter is to provide an introduction to the fields of human resource management (HRM) and information technology (IT) and to the combination of these two fields into human resource information systems (HRIS). The history of the field of HRM and the impact of computer technology on HRM will be covered, as well as the advent of using a human resource information system and the subsequent effects on both HR and IT professionals. The different types of HR activities will be discussed as well as the different types of information systems used in HRIS. A central focus of this chapter is the use in managerial decision making of results and reports from an HRIS. The development of the HRIS field has been seen to have a significant impact on the emergence of strategic human resource management (Strategic HRM), as is discussed in this chapter. This first chapter will lay the groundwork for the remainder of this book, and, consequently, it is important to understand thoroughly the concepts and ideas it presents. This chapter contains definitions for a number of terms in common use in the HRM, IT, and HRIS fields. (Note that a glossary defining these terms is also provided at the back of this book.) The central themes 2 Chapter 1 Evolution of Human Resource Management...
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...of HRM Novelette Anglin University of Phoenix November 28, 2010 The Transitioning Role of HRM Changes in each individual and organization world becomes a need doing business differently whether from a smaller to larger firm, one position to the next, or just a general big change for many reasons. The transition structure and role of HRM can be a bit costly and reorganization for transition can bring negative and positive factors. In this paper the transitioning role of HRM will discuss and line out the factors that changed the primary role of HRM from that of functional operation to that of strategic partner, the way technology affect HRM, and how HRIS influence organizational culture and change. Factors that change the primary role of HRM from the functional aspect of operation to a strategic partner are the opportunities gaining a momentum as one of the best asset in an organization. As HRM is adopted in the strategic partner relationship the prospect defines a long-term relationship, and objectives well achieve in common aspect and with partners of the organization. The activities in the HRM strategic partnership is an intention to ensure the financial aspect of the organization. According to the strategic human resources website, the website stated that,” Partners do not hinder one another. They support each other to achieve common objectives. This includes business objectives.” Meaning that HRM role...
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...worked closely with top management in formulating corporate policy. Today, HR tasks are often performed differently than they were even decade ago. “As more and more companies use alternative means to accomplish HR tasks, the role of traditional HR manager has changed. HR is now involved more in strategic HR, focusing more on the bottom line of organization and leaving the more administrative tasks to technology or others”, Mondy, R., & Mondy, J. (2012). Human Resource Management, page 39. It has reached its peak in approach and structured practices. There has been a vast change in the implementation compared to system followed at earlier days. Although field of HRM is a comparatively recent development, its roots can be traced back to different phases. Trace the phases of evolution of human resource management. The historical development of human relations knowledge applied to job setting warrants some attention in any book about human relations. Any history of the application of systematic knowledge about human behavior to the job must use some arbitrary...
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...Personnel Review HR outsourcing: threat or opportunity? Jeroen Delmotte Luc Sels Article information: To cite this document: Jeroen Delmotte Luc Sels, (2008),"HR outsourcing: threat or opportunity?", Personnel Review, Vol. 37 Iss 5 pp. 543 - 563 Permanent link to this document: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00483480810891673 Downloaded on: 27 September 2014, At: 02:58 (PT) References: this document contains references to 65 other documents. To copy this document: permissions@emeraldinsight.com The fulltext of this document has been downloaded 10667 times since 2008* Users who downloaded this article also downloaded: Jean Woodall, William Scott#Jackson, Timothy Newham, Melanie Gurney, (2009),"Making the decision to outsource human resources", Personnel Review, Vol. 38 Iss 3 pp. 236-252 John Hindle, (2005),"HR outsourcing in operation: critical success factors", Human Resource Management International Digest, Vol. 13 Iss 3 pp. 39-42 Peter Brown, (2010),"The power of HR outsourcing", Strategic HR Review, Vol. 9 Iss 6 pp. 27-32 Access to this document was granted through an Emerald subscription provided by 131740 [] For Authors If you would like to write for this, or any other Emerald publication, then please use our Emerald for Authors service information about how to choose which publication to write for and submission guidelines are available for all. Please visit www.emeraldinsight.com/authors for more information. About Emerald www.emeraldinsight.com Emerald...
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...Development UK (www.eajournals.org) HISTORY, EVOLUTION AND DEVELOPMENT OF HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT: A CONTEMPORARY PERSPECTIVE Kipkemboi Jacob Rotich1, Moi University, School of Human Resource Development, Department of Development Studies, P.o Box 3900-30100, Eldoret, Kenya. ABSTRACT: Various attempts have been made towards tracing the historical development of the discipline of Human Resource Management (HRM). However, these initiatives have largely been concentrated on certain specific periods of time and experiences of specific countries and regions such as Australia, the USA, the UK and Asia (Nankervis et.al, 2011; Kelly, 2003; Ogier, 2003). This paper attempts to document the entire history of the discipline of Human Resource Management from a holistic perspective. The evolution and development of HRM will be traced right from the pre-historic times through to the postmodern world. Major characteristics in the evolution and development of HRM will also be examined and documented. KEYWORDS: Human Resource Management (HRM), evolution, history INTRODUCTION Defining Human Resource Management (HRM) According to Armstrong (2006) Human Resource Management (HRM) is defined as a strategic and coherent approach to the management of an organization’s most valued assets – the people working there who individually and collectively contribute to the achievement of its objectives. From this definition, we can deduce that HRM or simply HR is a function in organizations ...
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...Celine RIVIERE 09004513 HRM: An introduction Learning Outcome – Assessment 1) During the first half of the 20th century, the social and human dimension will appear and grow gradually in the organisation. Human Resource Management, also known as HRM, is the function we can find within the organisation that focuses on recruitment, management, and provide direction for the employees. Humans and the potential they process are really important, they drive an organisation. Without them, everything is falling apart. Human Resource Management works to ensure that employees are able to meet the organisation’s goals. “Human Resource Management is responsible for how people are treated in the organisation. It is responsible for bringing people into the organisation, helping them perform their work, compensating them for their labours, and solving problems that rise” (Cherrington, 1995, p5). Human Resource Management deals with ensuring that the employees display the highest level of efficiency and effectiveness in the performance of the organisational functions through providing the basic conditions of work to the employees to ensure achievements of the highest levels. It is difficult to define de HRM. Some people think that it is just a modern term for the personnel management, or that it’s a generic term for all management activities. They also can think that now the HRM is more for the companies than for the employees. It’s a vague and elusive concept and we can find...
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...the work of Audrey Collin in British perspectives compared to the international perspectives. Secondly to identify human resource issue and look at in British point of view. The studies of HRM by Collins provide us a colourful findings and rich competing theoretical outlook. HRM run through all human resource processes such as recruitment, selection, and performance evaluation as well as formal human resource policies, which direct and to some extent hamper the progress of specific practices; and over arching human resource thought, which state the principles that inform an organization's policies and practices. Ideally, these embrace a system that exert a pull on, develops, motivates, and maintain workers who guarantee the effective operation and survival of the business and its component. To be on familiar terms with HRM in context we must think about how these elements of HRM are affected by the internal and external environments of organizations. The internal organizational contextual factors are company strategy, technology, organizational structure, organizational life cycle phase, and size of the company. The external contextual factors are legal, social, and political environments; unionization; labour market conditions; industry characteristics and national culture. The context of HRM is based on complex human relationship in the organization between management and employee...
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...HRM 603: Comparative Studies of Industrial or Employment Relations Assignment 1 Trimester 3 2013 HRM 603: Comparative Studies of Industrial or Employment Relations Assignment 1 Trimester 3 2013 Name: Cagi Merelita ID no.: 2011001230 Table of Contents Introduction 1 The development & evolution of IR/ER system 2 The development & evolution of IR/ER system in the Fiji Island 3 The IR/ER system of Australia against that of the Fiji Islands 4 The emerging issues & recent trends in IR/ER in both nations 5 Considered key roles & responsibilities by the major actors in an IR/ER system in each country 6 Major actor’s roles & responsibilities that are considered most significant in an IR/ER context & why 8 Bibliography 9 Introduction Employment Relations are the employer and employee relationship, it also describes the relationship between workers and employers in business (Employer and Employee Relations, 2011). Employment Relations is important because it encourages motivation, it builds up the reputation of a worker and the business through the increase in number of potential customers, investors and staff, increase in productivity output, efficiency and profit levels (Employer and Employee Relations, 2011). With the changing industrial landscape in every country or nation, the growth of new townships/cities and the dispersal of activity, a process of ‘industrial culturalisation’...
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...Executive Summary This report traces the evolution of the HR function from its traditional role of personnel management into what is known today as Strategic Human Resources Management (SHRM) and the role that devolution has played in this evolutionary cycle. From the research, it was observed that the devolution of HR responsibilities to line managers has enabled the HR function to take on a more strategic role as a business partner of the organization. It is also observed that devolution has benefited both line managers and employees alike by reducing bureaucratic red-tape and providing a faster approach to decision making and problem solving. The limitation of this report is that the negative aspects of devolution as noted by many researchers are not covered due to limitations in the length and scope of the assignment. Table of Contents No Title Page i Cover Page 1 ii Executive Summary 2 iii Table of Contents 3 1.0 Introduction 4 2.0 The Evolutionary Cycle of Human Resources 5 3.0 The Effects of Devolution towards Strategic Human Resources Management 11 4.0 Conclusion 14 5.0 References 15 1.0 Introduction In the last few decades, there have been extensive changes and transformations in the perspective of organizational behaviour as a whole. To quote Smilansky (1997), “organizational change has become a permanent state of affairs”. The rapid changes in the technology...
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...Is No More Than ‘Old Wine in New Bottles’. Human resource management is no more than ‘old wine in new bottles’. Discuss. ‘’HRM is regarded by some personnel managers as just a set of initials or old wine in new bottles. It could indeed be no more and no less than another name for PM ’’ ( Armstrong, 1987) First we have to understand the meaning of HRM, but attempts to define HRM precisely have resulted in confusion and contradiction rather than clarity [Price, 1997]. However, according to Storey (1989) Human resource management is a completely different philosophy and an approach contrast to Personnel management. In his view, HRM provides a completely new form of managing personnel and can therefore be regarded as departure from the orthodoxy of traditional personnel management. The normative models of personnel management shows that PM is about selecting, developing, rewarding, and directing employees in such a way that not only will they achieve satisfaction and ‘give of their best’ at work, but by so doing enable the employing organization to achieve its goals. When considering the definition of Human resource management and Personnel management, there are many differences on the perspectives of researchers. Legge (1989) reviewed the definition of a variety of writers. She could come to conclude that there are three features which seems to distinguish HRM and personnel management (Guest,1990). These three differences will be analysed below: First of all, many statements about...
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...ASSIGNMENT: 2 Evolution of human resource management Key principles and practices associated with HRM date back to the beginning of mankind. More advanced HRM functions were developed as early as 1000 and 2000 B.C. Employee screening tests have been traced back to 1115 B.C. in China and the earliest form of industrial education, the apprentice system, was started in ancient Greek and Babylonian civilizations before gaining prominence during medieval times. Since the inception of modern management theory, the terminology used to describe the role and function of workers has evolved from "personnel" to "industrial relations" to "employee relations" to "human resources." INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION PHASE : The need for an organized form of HRM emerged during the industrial revolution, as the manufacturing process evolved from a cottage system to factory production. As the United States shifted from an agricultural economy to an industrial economy, companies were forced to develop and implement effective ways of recruiting and keeping skilled workers. In addition, industrialization helped spur immigration, as the country opened its borders to fill industrial positions. Filling these jobs with immigrants, however, created an even greater need for adequate management of employees. Early human resource management techniques included social welfare approaches aimed at helping immigrants adjust to their jobs and to life in the United States. These programs assisted immigrants in learning...
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...International Human Resources 1- Is HRM a fashion or is it here to stay? What is the probability that HRM will be the dominant framework for people management in the 21st century? HRM has evolved from a number of different strands of thought and is best described as a loose philosophy of people management rather than a focused methodology. It derives largely from the 20th century but incorporates older notions about the management of people at work. These ideas have many different roots and they do not fit comfortably within one coherent and self-consistent body of knowledge. One major point of debate has been the difference - if any - between HRM and 'traditional' personnel management. The evolution of HRM continues today as new management theories, fashions and fads are developed. Human resource outsourcing has grown considerably in recent years. The Society for Human Resource Management (SHRM) conducted a poll in August 2008 to gauge the prevalence of HR outsourcing as well as the future plans for it. The research, where applicable, compares the results of the 2008 poll with results of a 2004 survey on the same topic. To answer the question ‘Is HRM a fashion or is it here to stay? What is the probability that HRM will be the dominant framework for people management in the 21st century?” we need to talk first about the past and the future of human resources management and the way it evolved this past few years. Human resource management is undergoing a massive...
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