... 2006 Second revision October 1, 2006 ELECTRONIC WORD-OF-MOUTH IN HOSPITALITY AND TOURISM MANAGEMENT Abstract Interpersonal influence and word-of-mouth (WOM) are ranked the most important information source when a consumer is making a purchase decision. This influence may be especially important in the hospitality and tourism industry, whose intangible products are difficult to evaluate prior to their consumption. When WOM becomes digital, the largescale, anonymous, ephemeral nature of the Internet induces new ways of capturing, analyzing, interpreting, and managing online WOM. This paper describes online interpersonal influence, or eWOM, as a potentially cost-effective means for marketing hospitality and tourism, and discusses some of the nascent technological and ethical issues facing marketers as they seek to harness emerging eWOM technologies. Keywords: WOM, word of mouth, word-of-mouth, online marketing, reference groups, opinion leaders 1. Introduction Cyberspace has presented marketers with...
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...Chapter 2 Literature Review................................................................3 2.1 Theorical Framework.......................................................................3 2.1.1 Social Media....................................................................................4 2.1.2 The eWOM ( Electronic Word Of Mouth)…………………………………………………….5 2.1.3 Decision-Making Process...................................................................6 2.2 The influence of Social media and electronic word of mouth on consumer decision-making process of Tourism Destination……………….8 2.2.1 The Impacts of Social Media on Tourists’ Decision-making Process of Tourists..................................................................................................8 2.2.2 eWOM ( Electronic Word-of-mouth) effect in the tourist purchase decision making process on destination of choice……………………………………………………………..9 Chapter 3 Conclusion and Recommendations……………………………….11 References…………………………………………………………………………………12 List of Figures: Figure 1: Isra Garcia (2010) Social Media Integration Theory Model Figure 2: Kotler (2005) Decision-making process model Figure 3: Degree of trusts in advertising (Nielsen, 2009). Chapter 1 Introduction Social Media nowadays has became an approach for marketers attract consumers, not only the marketers but also Internet users can use social media to communicate and interact with others in order to share their experiences, reviews about products...
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...This article was downloaded by: [Universiti Sains Malaysia] On: 19 March 2015, At: 06:57 Publisher: Routledge Informa Ltd Registered in England and Wales Registered Number: 1072954 Registered office: Mortimer House, 37-41 Mortimer Street, London W1T 3JH, UK Journal of Advertising Publication details, including instructions for authors and subscription information: http://www.tandfonline.com/loi/ujoa20 Following Celebrities’ Tweets About Brands: The Impact of Twitter-Based Electronic Word-of-Mouth on Consumers’ Source Credibility Perception, Buying Intention, and Social Identification With Celebrities Seung-A Annie Jin & Joe Phua a b a b Emerson College, Boston, Massachusetts, USA University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA Published online: 24 Apr 2014. Click for updates To cite this article: Seung-A Annie Jin & Joe Phua (2014) Following Celebrities’ Tweets About Brands: The Impact of TwitterBased Electronic Word-of-Mouth on Consumers’ Source Credibility Perception, Buying Intention, and Social Identification With Celebrities, Journal of Advertising, 43:2, 181-195, DOI: 10.1080/00913367.2013.827606 To link to this article: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00913367.2013.827606 PLEASE SCROLL DOWN FOR ARTICLE Taylor & Francis makes every effort to ensure the accuracy of all the information (the “Content”) contained in the publications on our platform. However, Taylor & Francis, our agents, and our licensors make no representations or warranties whatsoever as to the...
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...* f ELECTRONICASSIGNMENTCOVERSHEET | | Student Number | 1. 327985762. 327275613. 327985024. 328135045. 32810499 | Given name | 1.Shawn Cowan2.Zahidah Zain3.Sheikh Hussin Bin Mohamed Hairi4.Belly Ciuwinly Tjiu5. Handi Yosef Pranata | Unit Code | BUS273E | Unit name | Consumer Behaviour | Date | 07/03/2016 | Assessment name | Team Assignment (Case Study 2) | Tutor | Mr Ken Kieran Ho | Student’s Declaration:• Except where indicated, the work I am submitting in this assignment is my own work and has not been submitted for assessment in another unit.• This submission complies with Murdoch University's academic integrity commitments. I am aware that information about plagiarism and associated penalties can be found at http://www.murdoch.edu.au/teach/plagiarism/. If I have any doubts or queries about this, I am further aware that I can contact my Unit Coordinator prior to submitting the assignment.• I acknowledge that the assessor of this assignment may, for the purpose of assessing this assignment:o reproduce this assignment and provide a copy to another academic staff member; and/oro submit a copy of this assignment to a plagiarism-checking service. This web-based service may retain a copy of this work for the sole purpose of subsequent plagiarism checking, but has a legal agreement with the University that it will not share or reproduce it in any form.• I have retained a copy of this assignment.• I will retain a copy of the notification of receipt of this...
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...Influence Purchase Intension of customers: Case of Social Network” Submitted By Ms. Riddhi Shah ID NO. 542-9245 Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirement for the subject Individual Research Project Master of Business Administration Assumption University Semester 2/2012 Submitted To: Dr. Vorapot Ruckthum Table of Contents ABSTRACT 4 CHAPTER 1 5 GENERALITIES OF STUDY 5 1.1 INTRODUCTION 5 1.2 TOPIC OF INTEREST 6 1.3 RATIONALE OF STUDY 7 1.4 RESEARCH OBJECTIVES 7 1.5 PURPOSE OF STUDY 8 1.6 METHODOLOGY 8 1.7 RESEARCH DESIGN AND DATA ANALYSIS 8 1.8 LIMITATION 9 1.9 SCOPE OF RESEARCH 9 CHAPTER 2 10 LITERATURE REVIEW 10 2.1 INTRODUCTION 10 2.2 THEORIES 10 2.2.1 Effects of Electronic Word-of-Mouth 10 2.2.2 Observation Learning 11 2.2.3 Influence of Trust on Purchase Intention 13 2.2.4 Source of Information 14 CHAPTER 3 15 THEORETICAL AND CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK 15 3.1 THEORETICAL BACKGROUND 15 3.2 CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK 21 3.2.1 Explanation of Conceptual Framework 22 3.3 HYPOTHESES 24 CHAPTER 4 26 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY 26 4.1 RESEARCH METHODS 26 4.2 POPULATION OF STUDY 26 4.3 SAMPLING UNIT 27 4.4 SAMPLE SIZE 27 4.5 RESEARCH INSTRUMENT 27 CHAPTER 5 28 DATA ANALYSIS 28 5.1 INTRODUCTION 28 5.2 INTERPRETATION OF DATA 28 5.2.1 Descriptive Analysis 28 5.2.2 Hypothesis Testing 37 CHAPTER 6 43 CONCLUSIONS &...
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...Analysis of Effects of Source Credibility, Electronic Word-Of-Mouth, Website Quality, and Perceived Quality towards Buying Decision Yonatan Suganda, Wibawa Prasetya (Pembimbing) ABSTRAK Penelitian menjelaskan pengaruh electronic word-of-mouth, source credibility, website quality dan perceived quality terhadap buying decision. Metode penelitian yang telah dilakukan adalah metode kuantitatif. Analisis dilakukan dengan mengumpulkan data dari kuesioner dengan responden adalah konsumen Bhinneka.Com. Penelitian ini bersifat deskritif dan verikatif, sedangkan analisis berdasarkan pengolahan data menggunakan metode SEMdisertai implikasi teoritis dan implikasi manajerial. Perkembangan internet di Indonesia telah mendorong berkembangnya e-commerce di Indonesia. Menurut data yang dirilis biro riset Frost & Sullivan, bersama China, Indonesia menjadi negara dengan pertumbuhan pasar e-commerce terbesar di dunia dengan rata-rata pertumbuhan 17 persen tiap tahun. Melalui penelitian ini disimpulkan, bahwa variable electronic word-of-mouth dan variable perceived quality tidak berpengaruh terhadap buying decision. Variabel website quality dan variable source credibility mengukur hal yang sama sehingga membentuk variable baru yaitu variable website credibility yang berpengaruh signifikan terhadap buying decision. Penelitian ini juga menemukan bahwa variable perceived quality memiliki pengaruh negative terhadap buying decision Kata kunci: SEM, Confirmatory Factor Analysis, buying decision...
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...We live in a world where advancements in technology are constantly changing, people are connected to each other almost every waking minute of the day, and our social lives are of the upmost importance. We can look throughout history and see how big business has always found its way into the next great technological advancement, and now is no exception. The sudden burst of social media websites onto the scene has created an avenue for business to target specific and large amounts of people. This literature review will discuss just how companies have altered their marketing ways to keep up with the times in an every growing industry where the competition level is set exceedingly high. It will then narrow down to how different marketing techniques can play as an advantage/disadvantage to consumers as well as the companies that implement these strategies and provide success stories of companies that took advantage of this new age. The name that was basically given to advertising through social media websites is viral marketing. A formal definition of this term would be the tactic of creating a process where interested people can market to each other—is therefore emerging as an important means to spread-the-word and stimulate the trial, adoption, and use of products and services (Subramani, 302). In the grand scheme the ultimate goal for marketers is to create a viral marketing program consisting of many viral messages. They try and make these messages appealing as possible to...
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...express appreciation to my committee members: Dr. Anne Osborne for her insight into instrumentally combining my research into a seamless product and Dr. Felicia Song for her thorough contribution and dedication to this project. Finally, thanks to my parents who have always supported me in everything I do. ii TABLE OF CONTENTS ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ............................................................................................................ ii ABSTRACT ................................................................................................................................... iv CHAPTER 1. INTRODUCTION ...............................................................................................................1 2. LITERATURE REVIEW ....................................................................................................5 Hierarchy of Effects .............................................................................................................5 Six-Segment...
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...Rodolfo Baggio Marianna Sigala Alessandro Inversini Juho Pesonen Editors Information and Communication Technologies in Tourism 2014 eProceedings of the ENTER 2014 PhD Workshop in Dublin, Ireland. January 21, 2014 Preface The advent of Information and communication technology (ICT) has had a paramount impact on tourism. The effects of this revolution continue to change the nature of contemporary tourism on a day-to-day base. The globalization of information, open innovation, better access, collaboration in a generation of information and technological convergence, have all contributed to the design of a new scientific paradigm. Thanks to our passion for research and to the continuous advancements in the technological ecosystem as well as the possibility of better understanding human activity and behavior we are on the threshold of a new era of the social science of tourism. This new social and technological paradigm affects tourism and human mobility in a way that gives the research process unheard-of possibilities. The current level of technological development allows for the construction of objects that are smaller, more intelligent and embedded in the environment and even wearable. These objects, which record and learn our habits are connected to the Internet and they have computing capabilities. They can also be interconnected and generate large quantities of information to benefit the environment in which they are located as well as the travellers that possess...
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...Effectiveness of Social Network in Marketing Campaign Section I Introduction to the Study Introduction In an era where technology prevails, entrepreneurs as well as marketers see the need to keep up with the fast pace of change or risk being outdated. It is practically impossible to design a marketing strategy without considering social networks. Social network or social media had become really important factor in today’s marketing mix and in promotion mix. Adapting some form of marketing online through social media is a key node for all businesses, especially in an industry where trends constantly change such as fashion and handicrafts. Social network as a marketing tool and an effort has been made to analyze the extent social media helps consumers in buying decision making. Social network is a must in effective marketing campaigns. It is really effective as a marketing channel in terms of brand recognition. With social networking, marketers find it easy to determine and gather the feedbacks for certain products or services offered based on customer's comments without sacrificing much costs and time compared to other marketing channels. Social network also improved customer insights. By the reaction and comments posted by customers, you can gather information about what your customers are interested in. It also directly helps of what they think of your business which will give you an opportunity to improve a certain areas of your product or services. In this stage...
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...Chapter 1 Topic: The impact of new advertising media technologies on company performance. Author: Tendai T Chigwada (R10651V) 1.0 Introduction The researcher will carry out a research on the impact of new media technologies on company performance using Econet Wireless Zimbabwe as the case study to the topic under study. In this research proposal, the researcher is going to highlight the activities to be followed in coming up with this research. The researcher will briefly explain the background to the study, statement to the problem, research objectives and questions, significance to the study. Not be left out are the delimitations, limitations, review of the literature, research methodology, data presentation and the budget to be allocated for the entire research. 1.1 Background to the study Econet Wireless Zimbabwe is Zimbabwe's largest provider of telecommunications services, providing solutions in mobile and fixed wireless telephony, public payphones, internet access and payment solutions. Econet launched its network on the 10th of July 1998 and listed on 17th September 1998. It is one of the largest companies on the Zimbabwe Stock Exchange in terms of market capitalization. The company continues to upgrade its network to carry more subscribers, and further widen its geographical coverage, which is already the most extensive in Zimbabwe. www.econet.co.zw. The reason which motivated me to study this topic is that ,marketing problems often have far reaching effects...
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...Which Elements are Important to Customers in Fast Food Restaurants: Food quality, Time, and Price. Introduction A phenomenon anyone can easily observe is that people eat more meals outside their home than before(Kara, Kaynak, & Kucukemiroglu, 1997), and fast-food has increasingly become popular over the past decades (Pereira et al., 2005). When people are short of time, sick and tired of preparing for meals at home, or hatred to waiting, they willingly go out and eat meals. According to some authors (French, Story, Neumark-Sztainer, Fulkerson, & Hannan, 2001), between 1977 and 1995 the fast-food industry had experienced 200% rapid growth whereas other restaurant industry had been grown only by 150%. Adolescents visit a fast food restaurant more than twice every week on average, indicating that out of at least two-and-a-half of the away-from-home meals are eaten by them, and this trend is expected to continue in the future (French, et al., 2001). According to Namkung and Jang (2007), the very first objective of business is to satisfy customers, and in turn, have them repurchase. Food quality is one of the most important reasons that we repeatedly patronize a certain restaurant because after all is said and done, the fundamental reason of going to restaurants is to have meals. Therefore, food quality has received by far more attention from researchers than any other elements of restaurants (Jang, Ha, & Silkes, 2009), and their efforts have been continued on...
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...Purdue University Purdue e-Pubs Department of Computer Graphics Technology Degree Theses 1-1-2012 Department of Computer Graphics Technology Social Media Marketing in a Small Business: A Case Study Sarah Cox coxsl@purdue.edu Follow this and additional works at: http://docs.lib.purdue.edu/cgttheses Cox, Sarah, "Social Media Marketing in a Small Business: A Case Study" (2012). Department of Computer Graphics Technology Degree Theses. Paper 16. http://docs.lib.purdue.edu/cgttheses/16 This document has been made available through Purdue e-Pubs, a service of the Purdue University Libraries. Please contact epubs@purdue.edu for additional information. Graduate School ETD Form 9 (Revised 12/07) PURDUE UNIVERSITY GRADUATE SCHOOL Thesis/Dissertation Acceptance This is to certify that the thesis/dissertation prepared By Sarah Lynne Cox Entitled Social Media Marketing in a Small Business: A Case Study Master of Science For the degree of Is approved by the final examining committee: Mihaela Vorvoreanu Chair Jonathon Day Judith A. Birchman To the best of my knowledge and as understood by the student in the Research Integrity and Copyright Disclaimer (Graduate School Form 20), this thesis/dissertation adheres to the provisions of Purdue University’s “Policy on Integrity in Research” and the use of copyrighted material. Mihaela Vorvoreanu Approved by Major Professor(s): ____________________________________ ____________________________________ Approved...
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...Influence and evolution of social networking on marketing communication about viability about sustainability of Social Networking as a marketing communication tool Things which can be included in topic are- 1. What is Social Networking? (in brief) 2. IMC 3. Role of social networking as marketing communication 4. Influence of Sn on Mc 5. Evolution of Sn on Mc 6. Sustainability of Sn as Mc 7. Future scope 8. Conclusion Social Networking A social network is a social structure made up of individuals (or organizations) called "nodes", which are tied (connected) by one or more specific types of interdependency, such as friendship, kinship, common interest, financial exchange, marketing communication etc. [pic] There are many SOCIAL NETWORKING SERVICES as online services platform, or site that focuses on building and reflecting of social networks or social relations among people, who, for example, share interests and/or activities. A social network service consists of a representation of each user (often a profile), his/her social links, and a variety of additional services. Most social network services are web-based and provide means for users to interact over the Internet, such as e-mail and instant messaging. Online community services are sometimes considered as a social network service, though in a broader sense, social network service usually means an individual-centred...
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...online purchase intention, and word of mouth. This research presumes that word of mouth from another online consumers, share information and features can influence online shopping intention and entice them to modify or even transform their original shopping predispositions by providing them with attractive and enhanced interactive features and controls of buying. To achieve the research objectives and the test hypotheses, factor analysis, and linear regression are used to analyze the significant level of each variable indicator of this study. The result of the test may conclude that the Facebookers perceived more intention to search information by online, caused of the effectiveness of time using online community to search information and review the other experience. A more positive online shopping experience led to consumers' positive perceptions for online purchase intention. Thus, this study may...
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